应用PCR检测鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒

根据传染性喉气管炎病毒(ILTV)TK基因序列，设计、合成1对引物，应用PCR技术对ILTV以色列疫苗株、河南分离株（ILTV-CG和ILTV-XY）进行PCR扩增，均能扩增出预期大小的目的片段，测序分析和酶切分析证实了PCR产物的特异性，而对其它禽病原体的扩增均为阴性。PCR检测ILTV DNA的最小检测量为21 pg。应用PCR检测人工接种后不同〖JP2〗天数采集的鸡的结膜拭子，接种后第2~5 d均能检测到ILTV。该方法可用于鸡传染性喉气管炎病的诊断和临诊样品检测。     

应用PCR检测鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒

根据传染性喉气管炎病毒(ILTV)TK基因序列，设计、合成1对引物，应用PCR技术对ILTV以色列疫苗株、河南分离株（ILTV-CG和ILTV-XY）进行PCR扩增，均能扩增出预期大小的目的片段，测序分析和酶切分析证实了PCR产物的特异性，而对其它禽病原体的扩增均为阴性。PCR检测ILTV DNA的最小检测量为21 pg。应用PCR检测人工接种后不同〖JP2〗天数采集的鸡的结膜拭子，接种后第2~5 d均能检测到ILTV。该方法可用于鸡传染性喉气管炎病的诊断和临诊样品检测。     

PCR扩增TK基因检测鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒的研究

根据已发表序列设计一对包含鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒（ILTV）TK基因全长核苷酸的1259bp引物，对2株ILTV强毒和1株ILTV疫苗毒进行PCR扩增，均能扩增出预期大小的目的片段，酶切分析证实了目的片段的特异性，而其它禽病原体的扩增均为阴性。PCR检测ILTV DNA的最小检测量为75pg。此方法检测人工接种鸡的气管棉拭样品，均能检测到ILTV，因此可用于临诊样品鸡传染性喉气管炎病的检测和诊断。     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒gB基因的扩增及酶切分析

以从内蒙古区分离的2株传染性喉气管炎病毒(ILTV)株的DNA为模板，用设计好的1对引物对这2株毒株的gB基因进行了PCR扩增，并对扩增产物分别用BglⅡ、PstⅠ、HindⅢ限制性内切酶酶切分析。结果表明，2个分离株均能特异性地扩增出该病毒gB基因片段，片段大小完全一致，为2．6kb；扩增产物的酶切图谱与参考株完全一致。     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒疫苗株gB基因的克隆与序列测定

根据国外已发表的鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒(ILTV)gB基因序列，设计了一对引物并以ILTV基因组为模板，经PCR特异性扩增出ILTV疫苗株的gB基因，基因产物大小为2．62kb，与设计相符，并对其进行了序列测定。     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒PCR诊断方法的建立与应用

根据GenBank登录的传染性喉气管炎病毒(ILTV)的TK基因序列设计并合成1对特异性引物,以ILTV疫苗株DNA为模板,建立了检测ILTV TK基因的PCR方法。应用该方法能从临床分离毒株和疫苗株中扩增到长为427 bp的目的片段;但不能从新城疫病毒(NDV)、传染性法氏囊病毒(IBDV)、禽呼肠孤病毒(ARV)、减蛋综合征病毒(EDSV)、H9亚型禽流感病毒(H9-AIV)、传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)、大肠杆菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌等病原中扩增出阳性条带;敏感性试验表明其DNA最小检出量为4.9 ng;应用该方法和病毒分离法对2份临床病例和人工感染鸡的检测,两者符合率为100%。上述结果表明该PCR方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性,可用于传染性喉气管炎病毒鉴定和临床诊断。     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒PCR诊断方法的建立与研究

根据GenBank注册发表的传染性喉气管炎病毒（ILTV）的TK基因序列,设计并筛选出1对引物扩增ILTV TK基因片段长为400 bp。以ILTV疫苗株的DNA为模板,进行特异性和灵敏性试验,结果该对引物检测ILTV DNA的最小检测量为1.15 ng,与NDV、H5和H9亚型AIV、IBV灭活抗原、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌等抗原无交叉反应。用所建立的方法对发病禽场进行临床检测,结果与病毒分离和动物回归试验结果相一致。结果表明本研究建立了传染性喉气管炎PCR检测方法,并可应用于临床检测和诊断。     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为探索适合临床高通量鸡传染性喉气管炎检测的方法,针对鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒gB基因序列保守区域,筛选1对特异性引物和1条特异性探针,建立了实时荧光PCR检测方法,并对该方法进行特异性、敏感性评估和临床应用检测。结果显示:筛选出的引物和探针与其他禽类常见病毒无交叉反应,检测下限达到100拷贝/反应;对来自13个场的480份临床样本进行检测,检测出17个阳性样品,与常规PCR检测结果符合率为100%。结果表明,此方法特异性强,灵敏度高、耗时少,可用于鸡传染性喉气管炎的快速检测。     

IBRVgB基因TaqMan探针荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank登陆的IBRV保守基因gB序列,利用分子生物学软件Primer Express3．0分别设计2对特异引物及其相应的TaqMan探针,优化反应体系后,建立牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒TaqMan探针荧光定量PCR检测方法。本方法利用10倍稀释的标准品进行扩增确定该方法的灵敏性,通过对伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）、马立克病病毒（MDV）等检测验证特异性,并进行临床检验。结果显示,建立的IBRVgB基因TaqMan探针荧光定量PCR检测方法的灵敏度为11个拷贝／μL,而且与PRV等非IBRV无交叉反应。本研究所建立的TaqMan探针荧光定量PCR检测方法具有快速、灵敏、准确、等优点,可用于IBRV的检测。     

Quantitative real-time PCR assays for the concurrent diagnosis of infectious laryngotracheitis virus,Newcastle disease virus and avian metapneumovirus in poultry

Newcastle disease (ND), infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) can be similar making it critical to quickly differentiate them. Herein, we adapted pre-existing molecular-based diagnostic assays for NDV and ILTV, and developed new assays for aMPV A and B, for use under synchronized thermocycling conditions. All assays performed equivalently with linearity over a 5 log₁₀ dynamic range, a reproducible (R² > 0.99) limit of detection of ≥ 10 target copies, and amplification efficiencies between 86.8%–98.2%. Using biological specimens for NDV and ILTV showed 100% specificity. Identical amplification conditions will simplify procedures for detection in diagnostic laboratories.     

实时荧光定量TaqMan-PCR检测鸭瘟病毒方法的建立

根据GenBank中鸭瘟病毒UL6和UL7基因的序列,设计了一对特异性引物及TaqMan探针,扩增位于UL6和UL7基因第891￣991位长度为101bp片段。以DPV标准强株DNA为模板,建立了实时荧光定量PCR检测鸭瘟病毒的方法。该方法只能在鸭瘟病毒DNA样本中检出荧光信号,最小检出量为1.57×102copies(23.7fg);线性范围达8个数量级;平行复管检测,组内变异系数为0.84%(n=20),同一组样本(n=6)间隔30d重复检测,结果无显著性差异;对试验感染鸭肝脏和脑组织中鸭瘟病毒的检出率为100%(40/40),对临床病例的检测结果与病毒分离鉴定结果一致;从核酸提取到报告检测结果仅需3h;对鸭正常组织、鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒、鸡源大肠杆菌、鸭源多杀性巴氏杆菌、鸭副伤寒沙门氏菌等非鸭瘟病毒DNA检测,不出现非特异性荧光信号。     

羊鞭虫病实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立

为建立一种快速检测羊鞭虫病实时荧光PCR方法,根据GenBank已经公布的羊鞭虫(Trichuris ovis)ITS基因序列(登录号:JF680987.1),设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,以重组质粒作为绝对定量模板,建立检测羊鞭虫病的TaqMan实时荧光PCR方法。对反应体系的特异性、敏感性和稳定性进行评价,并用该方法对临床样品进行检测。结果显示,该检测方法线性关系良好,标准曲线的相关系数R^2=0.994,扩增效率E=1.05。该方法特异性强,与其他8种常见家畜寄生性线虫病不发生交叉反应;灵敏度高,最低检出下限为31.7拷贝/μL;重复性好,组内和组间变异系数分别为0.43%~1.04%和1.20%~1.91%,均小于2.00%。用建立的实时荧光PCR方法和显微镜检查方法分别对20份临床样品进行检测,实时荧光PCR和显微镜检查方法检出的阳性样品分别为14和9份。本研究建立的TaqMan实时荧光PCR方法能在粪便中快速、准确、灵敏检测羊鞭虫卵,为羊鞭虫病的检测和防控提供新的方法。     

猪博卡病毒G1基因群和猪流行性腹泻病毒双重TaqMan荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立同时快速定量检测猪博卡病毒(PBoV)G1基因群和猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的方法,本研究参照GenBank登录的PBoV的NP1基因和PEDV的M基因保守序列,设计了引物和探针,经优化反应条件后,建立了能够同时检测PBoVG1基因群和PEDV的双重TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法。特异性试验结果显示该方法与PCV2、PRV、PDCoV、PRoV和TGEV无交叉反应,敏感性试验结果显示该方法对PBoV、PEDV的质粒标准品检测下限分别为21.8拷贝/μL和31.7拷贝/μL;且组内、组间变异系数均小于4%,重复性好。应用本实验建立的方法对2017年5月~2018年8月,河北省部分地区采集的142份仔猪腹泻样品检测结果显示,PBoVG1阳性率为18.3%(26/142),PEDV阳性率为62.7%(89/142),其中PBoVG1与PEDV共感染率为10.6%(15/142),该方法优于常规PCR方法。本研究建立的双重TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法对PBoV和PEDV的准确检测、病原监测、流行病学调查等均具有重要意义。     

猪鼻支原体TaqMan MGB探针荧光定量PCR方法的建立

为建立快速检测猪鼻支原体(M.hyorhinis)的荧光定量PCR方法,本研究根据GenBank中登录的p37基因序列设计并合成引物及MGB探针,构建含有p37基因的重组质粒,以其为标准品绘制标准曲线,并检测该方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性.结果显示该方法具有良好的特异性,与猪肺炎支原体、猪絮状支原体、猪滑液支原体、鸡毒支原体、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、猪圆环病毒、猪瘟病毒及猪流感病毒无交叉反应,对M.hyorhinis的检测敏感性为10拷贝/μL,并且稳定性好,变异系数小于2％.利用建立的荧光定量PCR方法对55份临床样品进行检测,阳性检出率为87.3％(48/55),而分离培养方法和普通PCR的阳性检出率分别为41.8％(23/55)和29.1％ (16/55).该结果表明,建立的方法特异性强、敏感性高、稳定性好,可以用于M.hyorhinis临床样品的检测,对M.hyorhinis的快速和定量检测具有重要意义.     

Neospora caninum DNA detection by TaqMan real-time PCR assay in experimentally infected pregnant heifers

Neosporosis has been considered the main cause of abortion between the first and the second trimester of pregnancy in cattle. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the presence of Neospora caninum DNA obtained from experimental models based on the evaluation of different areas of the fetal nervous system and organs from heifers previously inoculated with NC-1 after or before insemination. This study was performed with Hereford × Nelore (n = 29) heifers and all animals were considered free of diseases at the beginning of the experiment. All animals were bred by fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) and allocated as follows: (a) seronegative heifers subjected to TAI (TAI, n = 9), (b) heifers infected with N. caninun 60 days prior to TAI (NC-1 + TAI, n = 9), and (c) heifers submitted to TAI and infected with N. caninum 60 days later (TAI + NC-1, n = 11). The pregnancy was confirmed by transrectal ultrasonography 35 days after TAI and evaluated every 30 days until the end of gestation. Fetuses were collected surgically at 170 days of gestation, and immediately necropsied to remove tissues aseptically. Samples of the central nervous system (CNS), heart, kidney, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and caruncle were collected for DNA extraction. Days of gestation at abortion and interval from abortion to first insemination were examined by Student's t-test. At 35 days of gestation the pregnancy rates in the group NC-1 + TAI (4/9, 44.4%) was lower than in the control group (8/9, 88.8%, P < 0.05). At 60 days, the pregnancy rates in the NC-1 + TAI group (0/4, 0%) was lower compared to TAI + NC-1 (5/7, 71.4%) and control (6/8, 75.0%) groups (P < 0.05). Animals from the group NC-1 + TAI were re-inseminated 60 days after the first TAI. After pregnancy losses throughout the study, 5 animals (TAI), 3 animals (NC-1 + TAI) and 5 animals (TAI + NC-1) maintained pregnancy until 170 days of gestation. TaqMan RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of N. caninum DNA in the medulla and right posterior cortex in 3 out of 5 fetuses from the TAI + NC-1 group. We concluded that heifers infected after TAI had a higher incidence of the parasite at the fetus CNS. Identification of N. caninum by TaqMan RT-PCR would assist in the investigation of infection and in the evaluation of vaccines or therapeutic drugs to control neosporosis in cattle.     

Development of a qPCR for the detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) based on the gE gene

1. Infectious laryngotracheitis is a respiratory disease that affects the poultry industry worldwide. It is common in flocks with high-bird density, causing major economic losses.

2. In this study, a SYBR® FAST polymerase chain reaction (PCR) double-strand DNA intercalating agent assay was performed for the detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) in clinical samples in comparison with a conventional nested-PCR, both based on the glycoprotein E encoding gene. This assay amplified 56 bp and was capable of detecting 1⁹ to 1 copies of virus.

3. In total, 164 clinical samples were obtained from birds with respiratory problems from the period of 2009–2016. In the nested-PCR, there were 45.12% positive samples and 54.88% negative samples, while in the real-time PCR (qPCR), there were 81.1% positive samples and 18.9% negative samples.

4. In conclusion, qPCR from the DNA double-strand intercalating agent SYBR® GREEN FAST was useful for the diagnosis of ILTV because it detected samples that were negative in nested-PCR. This assay has advantages, such as a shortened processing-time, and no need for post-amplification processing (electrophoresis) with additional reagents, such as MgCl₂ and agarose. Hence, qPCR proved to be useful, rapid and low cost for use with clinical samples.