犬细小病毒性肠炎的防治体会

犬细小病毒性肠炎是由犬细小病毒引起的犬的一种急性、发热性、高度接触性传染病。其特征是呕吐、腹泻和血痢;剖检所见为整段小肠广泛性出血,肠粘膜脱落、坏死。该病是犬发病最频繁并造成养犬业重大经济损失的主要疾病之一,对养犬业的发展威胁甚大。本文就犬细小病毒性肠炎的流行特点、临床病状、病理变化、临床诊治和预防措施等进行综述。     

复方苦芩对犬细小病毒致肠黏膜细胞凋亡及相关基因表达的影响

将犬分为空白对照组、模型组、复方苦芩预防组、复方苦芩治疗组,用犬细小病毒接种建立动物模型,复方苦芩防治犬细小病毒病,然后取样,光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察十二指肠黏膜细胞的病变和细胞凋亡,逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）法检测Bcl-2和Bax基因的mRNA表达。结果显示,与空白对照组比较,模型组犬十二指肠黏膜病变及炎细胞浸润,电镜下可见细胞收缩,核浓缩,深染,线粒体肿胀空化,细胞Bcl-2基因表达下调,Bax基因表达增加。与模型组相比,复方苦芩防治组肠黏膜病变轻,超微结构变化不明显,细胞Bax基因表达下调,Bcl-2基因表达上调。结果表明,复方苦芩可能是通过促进黏膜上皮细胞的增殖与恢复,调节Bcl-2,Bax基因表达,抑制犬细小病毒引起的十二指肠黏膜超微结构改变和细胞凋亡,而对细小病毒病犬的十二指肠组织结构起保护和促进恢复作用。     

犬细小病毒特异性免疫球蛋白的临床应用效果观察

旨在观察犬细小病毒特异性免疫球蛋白治疗犬细小病毒病的临床应用效果,本文收集了中国农业大学动物医院自2016年1月—2019年11月接治的犬细小病毒病患犬的病历资料,筛选出病历资料完整的并使用了犬细小病毒单抗或犬细小病毒特异性免疫球蛋白治疗的患犬病例进行跟踪以及回访。对收集的病例数据进行了总治愈率、各初始抗体水平的治愈率、各月龄段的治愈率和治愈病例的病程分析。结果显示,犬细小病毒特异性免疫球蛋白和犬细小病毒单克隆抗体在总治愈率、相同初始抗体水平治愈率、相同月龄段治愈率均无显著差异（P>0.05）。但使用特异性免疫球蛋白的病例痊愈时间显著低于使用单克隆抗体的病例（P=0.02<0.05）。综上表明,犬细小病毒特异性免疫球蛋白的临床应用效果良好,可为犬细小病毒病的治疗提供新的药物选择。     

淮北地区幼犬腹泻症调查

1988年以来，在安徽省濉溪，宿县等淮河以北地区流行的幼犬病毒性腹泻症，主要发生于2－5月龄幼犬（594／731），发病集中于秋冬季节。粪样犬细小病毒HA阳性检出率为58．33（21／36），9／16的粪样电镜观察到典型的细小病毒颗粒。     

综合疗法治疗犬细小病毒型肠类

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒引起犬的一种急性传染病,临床常见的有肠炎型和心肌类型。肠类型以呕吐、剧烈腹泻、排血便为主要特征。自2001年以来,犬细小病毒肠类型病一直是安定区危害最严重、发病率最高,死亡最多的犬传染病,截止2004年12月,安定区兽医门诊就诊犬病13255例中,疑     

犬急性出血性肠炎及其补液疗法

1　急性出血性肠炎的病原学分类犬的肠原性腹泻其病因主要是病毒感染、继发细菌感染 ,其次为寄生虫感染、食物中毒和过敏 ,因肝脏或胰脏病引起的消化吸收障碍所致的呕吐、腹泻应值得临床医师关注。据沈阳农业大学兽医院 1986年 5月至 1990年 5月门诊统计 ,犬细小病毒感染广为流行。 2～ 4月龄的纯种犬发病率近10 0 % ,在忽视液体疗法的情况下 ,死亡率达 70 %以上。近年来 ,沈阳市冫工氏动物医院结合犬细小病毒试纸和犬瘟热ＥＬＩＳＡ诊断试验盒及显微镜下观察 ,对来院就诊的急性出血性肠炎病例进行病原学分类统计。细小病毒感染约占 2 8% ;…     

犬细小病毒病的防治

正犬细小病毒病又称细小病毒性肠炎。犬细小病毒性肠炎是由犬细小病毒引起的,以呕吐、拉稀、拉血为主的、死亡率较高的一种烈性肠道传染病。本病常发生于幼犬。1症状本病的症状有两型,即肠炎型和心肌炎型1.1肠炎型潜伏期约7～14天。发病的初期为1～2天,狗狗会表现出抑郁、厌食、发热和呕吐。一般先呕吐后腹泻,呕吐物为清亮、胆汁样或带血。随后开始剧烈腹泻,起初粪便呈灰色或黄色,随后呈酱油色或番茄汁样,带     

犬细小病毒性肠炎的诊治措施

犬细小病毒性肠炎是由犬细小病毒引起的犬的一种急性、发热性、高度接触性传染病。其特征是呕吐、腹泻和血痢；剖检所见为整段小肠广泛性出血，肠粘膜脱落、坏死。该病是犬发病最频繁并造成养犬业重大经济损失的主要疾病之一，对养犬业的发展威胁甚大。本文就犬细小病毒性肠炎的流行特点、临床病状、病理变化、临床诊治和预防措施等进行综述。     

水貂病毒性肠炎的治疗措施

<正>水貂病毒性肠炎是由犬细小病毒引起的急性、致死性、高度接触性传染病,其特征是胃肠卡他性、出血性、坏死性炎症和剧烈腹泻,粪便中含有多量黏液和灰白色脱落的肠黏膜,有时还排出灰白色圆柱状肠黏膜套管。本病是危害水貂最严重的传染病之一,全年均能发生,幼龄仔貂的病死率较高。2010年7月,笔者在临床中遇到一例水貂病毒性肠炎的病例,现将病例诊治     

两例犬细小病毒与犬冠状病毒的混合病例诊疗

应用犬细小病毒胶体金快速测试板和犬冠状病毒胶体金快速测试板检测2例收治于西宁市好伙伴宠物医院的雄性小泰迪犬病例,诊断为犬细小病毒和犬冠状病毒混合感染.采用注射犬单克隆抗体、犬免疫球蛋白、犬五连血清等特异性抗体疗法,结合抗感染、补液和对症治疗,取得了满意的治疗效果.     

Familial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Samoyed dogs

Five adult Samoyed dogs from two unrelated litters were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Two full-sibling male dogs (Family A) were raised in the same household. The other three dogs, two female and one male, were also full siblings (Family B) raised in different households. All five dogs developed polyuria and polydipsia and demonstrated fasting hyperglycemia and glucosuria. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in all five dogs and responded to appropriate therapy with insulin. The occurrence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in multiple, closely related Samoyed dogs suggests a familial predisposition in this breed.     

Short-limbed dwarfism and ocular defects in the Samoyed dog

A syndrome of short-limbed dwarfism and ocular defects was found in Samoyed dogs. The most prominent abnormalities were small stature and valgus deformity of the carpi. Radiographic evidence of retarded growth at the distal ulnar physis was apparent by 12 weeks of age. Ocular defects included cataracts and retinal detachment. Family studies and limited breeding experiments were consistent with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.     

Survival of a dog with pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum

Pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum was diagnosed in the left lung lobes of a 3-year-old male Samoyed. Unilateral pneumonectomy and antibiotic treatment (primarily amoxicillin trihydrate-clavulanate potassium and kanamycin) were associated with resolution of the pneumonia. In dogs, M fortuitum causes pulmonary disease that radiographically resembles bacterial pneumonia. Therefore, M fortuitum infection should be considered in dogs with radiographic signs of bronchopneumonia that worsen despite antibiotic treatment.     

Immunofluorescence Study of Wild Rabies Virus and Antibody

A concentrate of wild rabies antibody was prepared from hyperimmune serums of three dogs refractory to wild rabies. The animals resisted repeated intramuscular injections of large doses of wild rabies virus in emulsions of whole brain, in emulsions of submaxillary salivary glands, and in emulsified mixtures of brain and submaxillary glands taken from naturally rabid dogs.

The antibody was conjugated with fluorochrome and then absorbed by a procedure that gave “cell-free” working solutions of fluorescent antibody. The procedure entailed parallel absorption steps with minced pathological canine submaxillary glands from (1) naturally rabid dogs (these glands contained specific, undegraded, natural antigens of live wild rabies virus plus nonspecific substances and antigens) and (2) nonrabid dogs from a rabies endemic region (these glands contained nonspecific substances and antigens).

Extracts from submaxillary glands of the three naturally rabid dogs and one nonrabid dog were stained with a cell-free solution of the fluorescent antibody. The glands of the rabid dogs contained fluorescent aggregates of intense green spherical and filamentous particles. When nonfluorescent canine hyperimmune serum was incubated with rabies-containing submaxillary extract, the rabies antigens were quenched. When nonfluorescent equine fixed virus antiserum was incubated with such extracts, the aggregates still retained bright fluorescence.

     

Ocular complications of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous in three dogs

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) syndrome associated with either severe ocular complications or multiple ocular lesions was diagnosed in three young dogs, a Samoyed, a Spanish Pachon, and a mixed breed dog. Due to opacification of the anterior ocular structures, B-mode and color-flow Doppler ultrasonography were performed to aid diagnosis. The Samoyed presented with unilateral hyphema; the Spanish Pachon presented with unilateral secondary glaucoma associated with uveitis and hyphema OD and leucocoria OU; and the mixed breed presented with bilateral leucocoria. B-mode ultrasonography of the Samoyed revealed a subcapsular cataract and a hyperechoic tubular structure attached from the optic disk to the posterior lens capsule. In the Spanish Pachon B-mode ultrasonography of the right eye indicated microphakia, cataract formation, and a retrolental mass with a thin hyperechoic strand stretching from the optic disk to the posterior lens; and for the right eye cataract formation, PHPV, retinal detachment, and vitreous hemorrhage. In the mixed breed dog, B-mode ultrasonography of both eyes indicated microphthalmia, retrolental mass, and hyperechoic lenses. By color-flow Doppler imaging, blood flow was present in the retrolental mass of the right eye suggesting a persistent hyaloid artery.     

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS OF NORMAL CANINE ADRENAL GLANDS: COMPARISON TO NECROPSY FINDINGS

Ultrasonographic evaluation of the adrenal glands was performed in 14 fasted healthy adult dogs. Frequency of visualization was 100% for both the left and right adrenal glands. Moderate correlation was present between Ultrasonographic and gross measurements of thickness for both left (r_s= 0.727; p < .005) and right (r_s= 0.537; p < .05) adrenal glands. However, no correlation was found between Ultrasonographic and gross measurements for length or width of either adrenal gland. Differentiation of adrenal cortex and medulla was possible in 79% of left adrenal glands and 64% of right adrenal glands. The echogenicity of the adrenal glands was less than that of the renal cortex in all dogs. Factors which made evaluation of the adrenal glands more difficult included pyloric gas, intestinal gas, and deep-chested body conformation.     

Suspected copper deficiency in a group of full sib Samoyed dogs

Extract

During a period of 3 years a series of sudden deaths in young Samoyed pups occurred in a breeding kennel. These pups were full sibs and the deaths commenced only when this particular mating was first used. Six pups out of 20 full sibs died similarly, while the health of the other dogs in the kennel was excellent.     

Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy: serial, clinical and laboratory (urine, serum biochemistry and hematology) studies.

Human hereditary nephritis refers to familial glomerular diseases which may progress to renal failure. Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy has been shown previously to be a model for hereditary nephritis. Clinical and laboratory studies were performed to follow progression to renal failure in 44 dogs in a family with Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy. Affected males appeared healthy for their first three months but then became progressively wasted. Proteinuria was detected between two to three months of age; after five months, urine protein electrophoresis showed pre-albumin, albumin and alpha and beta globulin peaks. From three months onward, a reduced glomerular filtration rate was detected. Serum albumin decreased while amylase, urea, creatinine and phosphate increased from four to five months of age. Death from renal failure occurred by 15 months. Carrier females also became thinner and developed proteinuria between two and three months of age, but neither renal failure nor death ensured. Hence, SHG progressed rapidly in affected males but not in carrier females.     

Intestinal volvulus in dogs: a study of four clinical cases

Four cases of intestinal volvulus in German shepherd dogs are described. A definitive diagnosis was achieved by exploratory laparotomy in three cases and after necropsy in the remaining animal. Clinical signs, laboratory investigations and radiological changes are reported for three of the dogs. These dogs were all euthanased. Treatment of complete intestinal volvulus is difficult. By the time the condition is diagnosed, the pathological changes are irreversible, with consequent poor prognosis.     

犬细小病毒病的病理学观察

文章对一例吉娃娃幼犬细小病毒病肠炎综合征病例进行了病理学诊断和检查,发现肠道广泛坏死,有充血出血现象,心脏心肌柔软,凝血不良,心房扩张,且伴有慢性出血性肺炎.光镜下见肠绒毛上皮细胞广泛变性、坏死、脱落,肠腔中有大量脱落的绒毛上皮细胞和炎性渗出物,固有层有多少不等的炎性细胞浸润,肠腺和肠绒毛上皮均可见特征性的核内包涵体;心肌纤维也有程度不等的变性、坏死,炎症细胞浸润.