为中国奶业的科学、和谐和持续健康发展服务——新年寄语

“风雨送春归,飞雪迎春到。”倏忽间。又一年过去了。 在过去的一年里,中国奶业克服了饲料和原材料涨价、行业效益下滑的困难。锻炼了队伍。整合了牛群,提高了素质,增加了持续发展的潜力：见证了“南京宣言”的郑重承诺,整饬了乳制品市场秩序,宣扬了诚信经营理念,营造了公平竞争环境：有力反击了“牛奶有害论”,澄清了一度混淆的视听,     

高档肉牛直线育肥技术

1肉牛直线育肥的优点 一是缩短了生产周期,较好地提高了出栏率。二是改善了肉质,满足了市场对高档牛肉的需求。三是降低了饲养成本,提高了肉牛生产的经济效益。四是增加了草场的载畜量,可获得较高的生态效益。     

又是英雄用武时 新年献辞

无声无息的一场瑞雪,迎来了2005年。去年年底,纷纷扬扬的大雪飘落在广袤的神州大地上。大雪,带来了严寒,影响了交通。但是,人们还是发自内心地高兴,因为大雪净化了空气,湿润了土壤,杀灭了病菌。它为人们带来了健康,为大地带来了丰收。“瑞雪兆丰年”啊!刚刚开始的一年,为此显得     

中国企业家最容易犯的10个错误

1．选错朋友是错误，选错敌人是更坏的错误，选错偶像是最坏的错误。选错了朋友是可怕的，因为可能会被所谓的“朋友”欺骗。选错了敌人是更可怕的，因为选错了敌人就等于选错了产业、选错了市场、选错了自己的核心定位。还有一种比选错朋友和选错敌人都可怕的，那就是选错了偶像。因为选错了偶像就等于选错了方向；方向错了，跑快的反而点儿背。[第一段]     

李志明副总经理在全省蚕桑工作会议结束时的讲话(摘要)

<正> 同志们: 这次蚕桑生产会议,共开了五天。这次会议,经过大家的共同努力,达到了预期的目的,会议开得是好的。一、对会议估价这次会议分析了形势,交流了经验;研究了新情况和新问题。讨论了适应新变化的新对策;初步落实了1987年的蚕桑生产任务和各项工作。明确了目标管理责任制。大家认为,     

中囊病的综合治疗方法介绍

2008年4月,我用龚凫羌先生的配方,喷了2次就治愈了中囊病。我欣喜之极,以为这个大问题解决了。2010年,该病又来了,喷了2次药,不管用。这使我意识到单靠喷药是不够的,需要综合治疗。经过1个多月的努力,治愈了。2012年该病又来了,经过1个多月综合治疗,痊愈了。现将综合治疗方法     

蝴蝶飞

正茂义一踏进门坎,蝴蝶的心扑通一声落在了肚子里。茂义出门466天,蝴蝶的心悬了466天。正是做午饭时分,一家人都在家里,蝴蝶擀面,婆婆拉风箱,公公靠着水瓮吧嗒旱烟。茂义一进门就扯着嗓门喊上了,爸,我回来了。又喊,妈,我回来了。再喊,蝴蝶,我回来了。父亲噢了一声,把旱烟锅在鞋底上磕了磕,奔院落里了。母亲     

一个由PC给焊机电源传送参数的程序

编写了一个给全位置焊机传送参数的程序。给出了全位置焊接的区段划分方法 ,设计了参数传送的硬件通路,给出了程序界面并介绍了菜单功能。试验证明,该程序能够满足工艺要求。     

“协同设计”方法在嵌入式系统设计中的应用分析

本文较详细地阐述了一种嵌入式系统的协同设计方法。本文首先分析了传统的经典嵌入式系统设计过程,然后阐述了引入了软硬件"协同设计"概念的嵌入式系统设计方法。最后指出了协同设计方法的优缺点。     

基于飞机变频交流电源系统的变压整流器的设计

变频发电系统具有简单可靠的特点,在新一代飞机上得到了广泛的应用。本文设计了一款基于飞机变频交流发电系统的变压整流器。分析了变压整流器的工作原理,给出了变压器设计方法。通过仿真验证了设计的合理性。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …