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Isolation and pathogenicity of Australian strains of Eimeria praecox and Eimeria mitis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
WK JORGENSEN NP STEWART PJ JESTON JB MOLLOY GW BLIGHT RJ DALGLIESH 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(8):592-595
Objective To determine the presence of E praecox and E mitis in Australia, to isolate representative strains of these species from chickens and determine their pathogenicity.
Design Morphological, physiological and cross protection studies were undertaken to confirm the identity of Australian isolates of E praecox and E mitis.
Procedure Oocysts were isolated from a backyard flock at Jimboomba, southeastern Queensland and numbers of E praecox and E mitis enriched by passage in chickens immune to five other species of poultry Eimeria . Oocysts of mean conformation and size of the two species were purified by single oocyst passage. Two isolates that closely matched recorded parameters for E praecox and E mitis were selected and designated JP and JM respectively. The cross protection between the isolates and E acervulina was determined by infection and challenge experiments. The virulence of the two isolates was determined by comparing weight gains of groups of birds inoculated with JP isolate or JM isolate with untreated groups.
Results Isolates JP and JM most closely matched recorded parameters of E praecox and E mitis respectively. Groups of chickens, previously infected with JP and JM isolates, showed no significant protection against infection with E acervulina . In a separate trial, groups of susceptible chickens inoculated with 105 oocysts of JP and JM isolates showed significantly reduced weight gains compared with untreated controls.
Conclusion Isolates JP and JM are E praecox and E mitis respectively, confirming the presence of these species in Australia. These isolates were found capable of causing significant reductions in weight gains in susceptible chickens. 相似文献
Design Morphological, physiological and cross protection studies were undertaken to confirm the identity of Australian isolates of E praecox and E mitis.
Procedure Oocysts were isolated from a backyard flock at Jimboomba, southeastern Queensland and numbers of E praecox and E mitis enriched by passage in chickens immune to five other species of poultry Eimeria . Oocysts of mean conformation and size of the two species were purified by single oocyst passage. Two isolates that closely matched recorded parameters for E praecox and E mitis were selected and designated JP and JM respectively. The cross protection between the isolates and E acervulina was determined by infection and challenge experiments. The virulence of the two isolates was determined by comparing weight gains of groups of birds inoculated with JP isolate or JM isolate with untreated groups.
Results Isolates JP and JM most closely matched recorded parameters of E praecox and E mitis respectively. Groups of chickens, previously infected with JP and JM isolates, showed no significant protection against infection with E acervulina . In a separate trial, groups of susceptible chickens inoculated with 10
Conclusion Isolates JP and JM are E praecox and E mitis respectively, confirming the presence of these species in Australia. These isolates were found capable of causing significant reductions in weight gains in susceptible chickens. 相似文献
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鸭球虫病是由多种鸭艾美耳球虫寄生于鸭肠上皮细胞引起的一种原虫病,给养禽业带来巨大的经济损失。为了解离子型抗球虫药物对鸭球虫病的防治效果,在模拟家鸭笼养的环境条件下,选用莫能霉素、盐霉素、马杜拉霉素、拉沙里菌素、那拉霉素等5种离子载体药物进行试验。试验结果表明,5种离子载体类药物对鸭球虫病均有很好的防治效果,并且马拉霉素等对家鸭的增重也有一定效果。 相似文献
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柔嫩艾美耳球虫BJ株核酸疫苗的构建及其免疫保护效果研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
将 E.tenella BJ株的保护性抗原基因 TA4插入真核表达载体中 ,然后在其上游融合方式插入 Et1A基因 ,构建成核酸疫苗并进行体外表达。IFAT检测表明 ,p CT转染细胞的荧光亮度高 ,p CTE载体大 ,转染效率低 ,荧光较弱。动物保护性试验中 ,间隔一周两次免疫鸡后攻虫发现 ,核酸疫苗对球虫感染具有明显的保护作用 ,可显著减轻球虫感染引起的机体增重下降 ,其中 ,重组干扰素联合 p CT中剂量 (5 0 μg)免疫时 ,鸡的增重效果最为明显 ,盲肠病变值也最小 ,ACI可达 16 7.2。试验还发现 ,5 0 μgp CTE可达到 10 0 μg p CT的抗球虫效果 ,ACI在 16 0以上 ,说明融合插入两种基因构建的核酸疫苗对球虫感染的保护效果更佳 相似文献
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考察自拟中药组方参青球净散和桂枝对鸡球虫病的治疗效果。采用人工感染小肠球虫混合卵囊制造鸡球虫病模型,将试验鸡分为6组,即参青球净散高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组,桂枝组,感染对照组,健康对照组。除感染对照组和健康对照组外,其余各组试验鸡于攻虫的当天开始给药,连用7 d。检测试验鸡相对增重率、血便记分、卵囊值、病变记分、抗球虫指数及血清相关酶活性等指标,综合评价药物疗效。结果表明,参青球净散组和桂枝组均可防止感染鸡体质量下降,但在精神状态、血便数量、采食量方面参青球净散组显著优于桂枝组(P<0.05);参青球净散高剂量组抗球虫指数大于160,达到良好水平,中剂量组、低剂量组和桂枝组的抗球虫指数均小于160,大于120,属于有效范围;各组血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性显著升高(P<0.05);除对照组以外,其余各组的血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著提高(P<0.05)。提示自拟中药组方参青球净散对鸡球虫病疗效确实。 相似文献
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对青蒿素及其衍生物的作用机理及近年来其在防治鸡球虫病的应用做了较详细的综述,以期为其在防治鸡球虫病中的应用提供参考。青蒿素被用于治疗疟疾已有几百年的历史,它还具有治疗血吸虫、腹泻及清热、镇静安神的作用,但其在兽医临床中的应用还是一个新领域。 相似文献
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文章旨在研究日粮添加中草药对感染球虫病的1~42 d肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、组织器官相对重量及治疗效果的影响。试验选择体重一致的1日龄Cobb肉仔鸡560只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复28只鸡。处理1组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理2组未感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药,处理3组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮,处理4组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+65 mg/kg盐霉素,处理5组感染球虫病,饲喂基础日粮+1 g/kg中草药。试验进行42 d。球虫感染显著降低了1~21 d肉鸡日增重、料肉比和死亡率(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理1组肉鸡的日增重降低了40%(P <0.05)。日粮添加中草药后对球虫感染有缓解效果,处理5组比处理3组1~21 d肉鸡日增重提高了25%(P <0.05),料比降低了19.5%(P <0.05);处理5组较处理3组显著降低了22~42 d肉鸡日增重,提高了料肉比(P <0.05)。球虫感染添加中草药组(处理5)的胴体腹部脂肪含量最低(P <0.05)。处理3组鸡粪球虫卵数量在第5天最高,显著高于其他两个球虫感染组(P <0.05)。处理3组较处理4和5组显著提高了十二指肠的病变评分(P <0.05)。综上所述,1~42 d肉鸡日粮添加1 g/kg复合中草药添加剂混合物能适当缓解雏鸡球虫病感染的负面影响,混合中药添加剂对感染球虫肉鸡生长性能的改善及降低粪中球虫卵数量的作用与盐霉素相当。 相似文献
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中药"杀虫补"以杀虫燥湿、清热解毒遣药组方,主要由攻毒杀虫、去腐敛疮类药组成。实验结果表明,1%"杀虫补"组ACI为181.7,相对增重率达88.7%;0.5%"杀虫补"组ACI为173.4,相对增重率达82.4%;磺胺氯吡嗪钠组ACI为173.5,相对增重率达80.5%,表明"杀虫补"治疗鸡球虫病的效果确切,1%治疗剂量属高效杀虫药。用5%和10%剂量进行慢性毒性实验,未发现明显的中毒反应,但平均增重率分别为43.1%和32.0%,增重效果明显受到影响(P0.01),说明长期大剂量使用,会造成鸡的生长抑制。5 g/kg和3 g/kg剂量急性毒性实验表明,大剂量一次性使用不会造成鸡的死亡,但会抑制鸡的生长。以上实验结果表明,该中药组方对肉鸡球虫病具有治疗、预防以及增重的效果,按治疗剂量使用安全有效。 相似文献
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参照NDV评价毒力的方法对1998—2008年间收集的25株H9N2AIV的致病性进行了比较研究。结果显示,25株H9N2AIV不同毒株间致病性有较大差异,大致分为3类:致病性偏强、致病性中等和致病性较弱。从中选出致病力有差异的8个毒株进行了1日龄雏鸡脑内接种指数(ICPI)、6周龄鸡静脉接种指数(IVPI)以及8周龄SPF鸡人工感染排毒试验,结果证明大部分毒株ICPI和IVPI基本上为0,排毒散毒的高峰期在攻毒后第5天到第6天。在25个毒株中,3#和12#表现出了比较高的致病性,不仅其EID50值最高(分别为10-8.8/0.2mL和10-8.8/0.2mL)、ELD50值最高(分别为10-7.9/0.2mL和10-8.7/0.2mL),而且鸡胚平均死亡时间也最短(分别为66.5,69h)。3#、12#还出现了1日龄雏鸡脑内接种指数(分别为0.238,0.437)和6周鸡静脉内接种指数(分别为0.34,0.51)。在8周龄SPF鸡人工感染排毒试验中3#和12#毒株的排毒量大,排毒时间也明显长于其他毒株(第2~9天)。以上试验结果表明我国H9N2AIV不同毒株致病性有明显差异,呈多态性,致病性偏强的毒株造成鸡群较高的死亡率。 相似文献
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为评价两种球虫疫苗对京海黄鸡杂交配套系亲本良凤鸡(BB鸡)和岭南黄鸡(FF鸡)的免疫效果,本研究对9日龄实验鸡接种两种疫苗[500个孢子化卵囊(V1组)、正典球虫苗(V2组)],24 d后攻柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)2.5万个/只,攻虫后8 d检测各项评价指标。结果显示:攻虫后临床表现、盲肠病变、相对增重率及抗球虫指数(ACI),BB鸡优于FF鸡,V1组优于V2组;两鸡群血浆中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量V1组均显著高于V2组(p0.05);BB鸡γ干扰素(IFN-γ)含量V1组显著高于V2组(p0.05);FF鸡血浆中β胡萝卜素(β-C)含量V1组显著高于V2组(p0.05)。综合分析表明,BB鸡E.tenella抗性优于FF鸡,500个E.tenella活卵囊免疫效果优于正典球虫疫苗。 相似文献
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为探究复方中草药与鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. rhamnosus)共发酵产物对鸡球虫病的治疗效果,本研究将复方中草药(青蒿、常山、白头翁、仙鹤草、槐花、黄芩、甘草)与L. rhamnosus共发酵12h,患球虫病雏鸡灌服共发酵产物,连续用药5日,观察雏鸡临床症状,并检测各组雏鸡的相对增重率,盲肠病变记分,盲肠病理切片,每克粪便卵囊值(OPG),并计算各组药物抗球虫指数(ACI)。结果显示,服用复方中药发酵制剂后的感染球虫的雏鸡体重显著上升,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。此外,发酵产物可以明显减轻盲肠病理变化,同时可以降低受感染雏鸡卵囊的排出量。发酵产物组的ACI为130.59,达到中等抗球虫水平。复方中草药与L. rhamnosus共发酵提高了中药对鸡球虫病的治疗效果,为益生菌中药发酵治疗球虫病奠定基础。 相似文献
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A.K. Bera D. Bhattacharya D. Pan B. Manna S. Bandyopadhyay S.K. Das 《Research in veterinary science》2010,89(2):196-199
The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunotherapeutic potential of heat killed Mycobacterium phlei in broiler chicken against experimentally produced Eimeria tenella infection. The selected dose of E. tenella oocyst (5 × 103 sporulated oocysts per bird) was capable of producing a mild form of caecal coccidiosis as observed by significant difference in body weight gain, clinical findings and caecal lesion score. Heat killed M. phlei was fed orally at 10 mg per bird with sterile PBS vehicle at alternate day for four doses. Our study reveals that per day body weight gain was significantly (p < 0.01) higher for healthy control compared to coccidia infected group. The group fed M. phlei along with coccidial challenge showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher body weight gain than infected control group. Heat killed M. phlei feeding also found effective to reduce the caecal lesion score significantly (p < 0.05) in comparison to E. tenella infected untreated group. IgA concentrations in serum and bile at 7-day post challenge of coccidial oocyst was also significantly (p < 0.01) higher in M. phlei fed group when compared to coccidia infected and healthy control group. We concluded that use of heat killed M. phlei has a beneficial role as an immunostimulant against caecal coccidiosis in broiler chicken. 相似文献
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从浙江省某麻鸭养殖基地的产蛋下降病鸭生殖器官内分离到1株致产蛋锐减、不致鸭死亡的病毒,经鉴定该病毒属于禽副黏病毒1型,命名为YH99V株。该毒株经动物回归试验能成功诱导鸭发病并回收同样的病毒,通过SPF鸡胚盲传至第9代时致病性突然增强,第11代出现血凝特性,第15代血凝价趋于稳定,鸡胚半数致死量EF15ELD50为10-4.8。MDT、ICPI和IVPI毒力学指标测定以及毒力相关基因序列结构分析表明,分离株的MDT为112h,ICPI为0.225,IVPI为0.41;YH99 V株F0蛋白裂解位点(112~117位)区域氨基酸推导序列为Gly-Arg-Gln-Gly-Arg-Leu,与弱毒株相一致。证明该毒株为新城疫弱毒株。 相似文献
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鸡球虫病四价活疫苗对毒害艾美耳球虫和柔嫩艾美耳球虫的免疫效果观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为评价一种商品化鸡球虫病四价活疫苗[柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)、毒害艾美耳球虫(E.necatrix)、巨型艾美耳球虫和堆型艾美耳球虫]对E.necatrix和E.tenella的免疫保护效果,本研究基于试验鸡血便记分、存活率、相对增重率、病变值、卵囊值及抗球虫指数(ACI)等指标对其免疫效果进行检测.结果表明,免疫攻虫组抗E.necatrix和E.tenella的ACI分别为157.3和135.6,均低于160,表明该球虫疫苗抗两种球虫的效果均为低效.然而,免疫攻虫组鸡血便数量、血便记分、增重、卵囊产量和病变记分等指标均优于阳性对照组.综合指标显示,该疫苗对E.necatrix和E.tenella具有一定的免疫保护力,但单纯采用疫苗并不能够达到防控鸡球虫病的目的. 相似文献