浅谈滨水景观的植物选择与应用

滨水区域景观建设关乎城市整体美化效果,并对城市未来发展有着深远影响。滨水植物作为滨水景观中的基础要素,景观植物的应用是否合理,直接影响到滨水景观的整体美观性与生态效益。为充分发挥出滨水景观应有的作用与价值,简要分析滨水景观植物的分类,并在此基础上探究滨水景观中植物的合理选择与应用。     

洞桥镇森林城镇建设规划研究

根据城镇森林生态网络系统理论及洞桥镇山地森林资源状况,结合城镇发展战略,提出“创业洞桥、生态洞桥、和谐洞桥”的规划理念,明确建设森林城镇的规划目标、原则,以及实施配套的重点工程,创建具有地方特色、生物种类多样、可持续发展的森林城镇,从而有效地改善洞桥镇区域生态环境,促进区域内社会、经济、环境的协调发展。     

德州市滨水景观规划设计——以长河风景区为例

以德州市滨水景观为研究对象,分析德州市水系特点,城市现有滨水景观概况。总结归纳城市现有滨水景观的优势与存在问题。以具有德州市滨水景观示范型的长河风景区为例,进行实地考察与调研,探索德州市滨水景观设计的原则方法。提出了德州市滨水景观建设发展策略。     

乡村滨水绿道植物景观设计研究初探

在前人研究的基础之上,进一步明确了乡村滨水绿道及植物景观的概念,分析了其空间构成;根据相关文献整理分析,提出了乡村滨水绿道植物景观设计时需满足生态性、地域特色、观赏性及以人为本等原则;并阐述了其对植物选择的要求以及植物景观设计的具体内容。     

小城镇河道驳岸生态景观设计研究——以富阳市渌渚镇为例

在城镇河道生态景观设计中,河道驳岸植物的合理选择及原生态植物的保护,是城镇生态环境保护的重要途径。浙江省富阳市渌渚镇是一个自然资源保护良好的山区城镇,如何开展河道生态景观植物的选择和应用,将对其河道景观产生一定的影响。文章主要研究渌渚镇河道的景观现状,提出河道驳岸植物的应用途径,并对生态驳岸景观设计提出具体的工程措施。     

浅析城市滨水景观绿地生态修复——以沈阳浑河滨水景观规划设计为例

城市滨水景观对于保护城市生态环境、体现地域特色及塑造城市形象至关重要。文章从城市滨水景观生态修复的内涵出发,阐述滨水景观的设计原则及生态修复方法,重点强调植物在滨水景观生态修复中的作用。以沈阳浑河滨水景观规划设计为例,分析总结增强滨水景观场所的功能性,表现地域性景观及植物生态修复的方法。     

城市滨水绿地植物景观营造浅析——以邵阳市邵水东路南段植物景观营造为例

城市滨水绿地是一个城市的形象展示,也是市民在室外休闲娱乐的重要场所。滨水绿地作为一个毗邻水体的公共空间,其本身具有一定的特殊性。本文论述了滨水植物景观在植物选择、色彩变化、空间创造及构图上应遵循的原则,并以邵水东路南段植物景观设计为例,对城市滨水绿地植物景观的营造做出论述。     

杭州西溪湿地滨水植物景观调研

实际调查和现状分析了西溪湿地滨水植物景观。对西溪湿地的一些滨水地带的调研,发现其中观花类的植物有56种,分为30科,49个属;观叶植物则有28种,分为25科,28个属。从湿地规划设计中的植物配置的手法出发,分析了主要滨水绿化景观,总结了湿地的滨水地带的植物配置的特色,并对其植物配置中存在的不足提出了建议,为优化湿地滨水植物景观的建设提供参考。     

带状滨水公园景观设计探析——以广州从化流溪河沿岸为例

滨水景观是城市公共开放空间不可或缺的一部分,除具有生态、交通、游憩等功能外,已成为集庇荫、锻炼、休息功能,以及游戏娱乐、文化体验等功能的重要场所。文章以从化区流溪河河岸滨水景观设计为例,应用景观设计的理论原则,结合现有河岸景观的现况,探讨城市带状滨水公园景观设计的思路。     

长春市南湖公园滨水植物景观评价与分析

以长春市南湖公园滨水植物景观为研究对象,通过实地考察和调查问卷等方法,对其滨水植物的景观、空间、生态、功能等方面进行了评价和分析。结果表明:滨水植物景观在总体上发挥着综合效益,但在局部稍有不足,并据此提出建议,为公园滨水植物景观设计和建设提供依据。     

Plant strategies and agricultural landscapes: survival in spatially and temporally fragmented habitat

In agricultural landscapes many plant species are limited to the network of landscape elements that are not used for agricultural production. This habitat is fragmented in space and time due to anthropogenic, biotic and abiotic factors. Therefore, plant populations are spatially sub-divided and their persistence might be dependent on the spatial dynamics in the network of local populations. Dispersal characteristics and seed bank persistence are main determinants of colonization ability which in turn is a key determinant of metapopulation viability. We propose a conceptual model that relates plant population dynamics to habitat quality, configuration and dynamics. In this model, the habitat is arranged as a network of suitable and unsuitable patches,and the distribution of the patches is assumed to be dynamic in time. Based on dispersal and seed bank characteristics four plant strategies are distinguished:species having either long (> 100 m) or short (< 100m) distance dispersal and either a long (> 5 yr)or short (< 5 yr) term persistent seed bank. We expect that species with contrasting strategies have different survival probabilities in landscapes with contrasting habitat arrangement in space and time. We found few empirical studies for testing the hypotheses based on the model. Therefore the relation between landscapes and plant survival needs to be further explored,especially the quantitative aspects. We propose an iterative process of empirical and modelling research to determine this relation and to define management options for multifunctional farms in which biodiversity is one of the land use aims. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

江苏南通能达中央公园植物配置浅析

以南通能达中央公园为例,探讨能达中央公园建造过程中,通过筑山理水,合理配置植物,使中央公园植物配置体现出科学性、生态性、经济性原则,及优美的艺术构图原则。当地的乡土树种,因地制宜,还有种植风格迥异又衔接恰当的广场、大草坪、河岸、园路、专题园等风景区。     

创造富有地方特色的滨河景观——以岳阳市环城水系王家河风光带一期景观规划为例

随着城市的快速发展,许多原本属于郊野的河流演变为城市的中心区域;随着河流污染日益严重、河流面积不断被城市建筑挤压,河流的综合治理成为关注的焦点。怎样把握滨水景观规划设计原则、挖掘城市滨水空间的优势、创造有地域特色的生态滨水景观、实现水、城、人居环境与自然的和谐共生,成为园林景观设计师的重要课题。本案以岳阳王家河风光带一期工程的景观规划设计为例,进行有益地探索。     

Persistent changes in forest vegetation and seed bank 1,600 years after human occupation

Past land use is an important factor determining vegetation in temperate deciduous forests. Little is known about the long-term persistence of these impacts on vegetation but especially on the seed bank. This study assessed whether soil characteristics remain altered 1,600 years after human occupation and if this yielded persistent differences in forest plant communities and their seed bank in particular. Compiègne forest is located in northern-France and has a history of continuous forest cover since the end of Roman times. Twenty-four Gallo-Roman and 24 unoccupied sites were sampled and data were analysed using paired sample tests to investigate whether soil, vegetation and seed bank still differed significantly. The soil was persistently altered on the Gallo-Roman sites resulting in elevated phosphorus levels and pH (dependent on initial soil conditions) which translated into increased vegetation and seed bank species richness. Though spatially isolated, Gallo-Roman sites supported both a homogenized vegetation and seed bank. Vegetation differences were not the only driver behind seed bank differences. Similarity between vegetation and seed bank was low and the possibility existed that agricultural ruderals were introduced via the former land use. Ancient human occupation leaves a persistent trace on forest soil, vegetation and seed bank and appears to do so at least 1,600 years after the former occupation. The geochemical alterations created an entirely different habitat causing not only vegetation but also the seed bank to have altered and homogenized composition and characteristics. Seed bank differences likely persisted by the traditional forest management and altered forest environment.     

Prediction of total and rare plant species richness in agricultural landscapes from satellite images and topographic data

The diversity of future landscapes might depend on our ability to predict their potential species richness. The predictability of patterns of vascular plant species richness in a Finnish agricultural river landscape was studied using generalized linear modeling, floristic records from fifty-three0.25-km grid squares in the “core” study area, and environmental variables derived from Landsat TM images and a digital elevation model. We built multiple regression models for the total number of plant species and the number of rarities, and validated the accuracy of the derived models with a test set of 52 grid squares. We tentatively extrapolated the models from the core study area to the whole study area of 601 km² and produced species richness probability maps using GIS techniques. The results suggest that the local ‘hotspots’ of total flora (grid squares with > 200species) are mainly found in river valleys, where habitat diversity is high and a semi-open agricultural-forest mosaic occurs. The ‘hotspots’ of rare species (grid squares with > 4 rare species) are also found in river valleys, in sites where extensive semi-natural grasslands and herb-rich deciduous forests occur on steep slopes. We conclude that environmental variables derived from satellite images and topographic data can be used as approximate surrogates of plant species diversity in agricultural landscapes. Modeling of biological diversity based on satellite images and GIS can provide useful information needed in land use planning. However, due to the potential pitfalls in processing satellite imagery and model-building procedures, the results of predictive models should be carefully interpreted. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

城市滨水景观设计方法探析——以新绛新城区滨水景观设计为例

城市滨水景观区是反映城市独特风貌的区域之一,滨水区景观设计是城市生态规划和城市空间系统规划的重要部分。本文以山西新绛新城区滨水景观设计为例,旨在研究有关滨水景观设计的原则和方法,打造具有地方特色及人性化的景观环境。     

城市滨水鸟类栖息地的生态设计

根据城市鸟类滨水栖息地类型和条件,提出从景观格局、植物群落、生态驳岸等方面进行科学、生态的景观设计,从而营造适宜鸟类栖息与活动的城市滨水开放空间。     

城镇密集区域道路绿化的植物种类及其配置

当前各大城市都在大力发展城镇密集区域,但是却存在对城镇密集区的道路植物景观营造不够重视的问题,现通过对城镇密集区的道路环境特征,园林植物的生态环境功能的分析,及对成都市城镇密集区的道路绿化植物的种类和配置方式的调查研究,以期挖掘出适宜城镇密集区的道路绿化方式。     

Spatial patterns of plant invasiveness in a riparian corridor

Analysis of landscape-scale patterns of plant invasiveness can assist in interpreting spatial patterns of plant species richness. We investigated downstream variation in plant invasiveness in the riparian corridor of the free-flowing Vindel River in northern Sweden by introducing seeds of an alien species, Helianthus annuus, in 0.25 m² plots of natural vegetation from mountain headwaters to the coast and found a significant downstream pattern with middle reaches having the highest invasiveness. We related invasiveness to species richness, both on a reach scale (200-m long stretches of riverbank encompassing the experimental plots) and on the scale of experimental plots. We found no significant correlation between plant invasiveness and species richness, neither at the reach nor at the plot scale. The number of available soil substrates shows a significant positive quadratic relationship with location along the river and substrate fineness shows a near significant negative quadratic relationship with location along the river, with middle reaches having coarser substrates. Several studies have shown that plant species richness in riparian corridors often exhibits a quadratic pattern with highest species richness in the middle reaches of a river, similar to the pattern we found for invasiveness. Although species richness per se might not be a primary factor for invasibility, the same habitat conditions as those supporting plant species richness, can help in explaining large-scale patterns of plant invasion in riparian zones.