Exophthalmos due to multicentric B-cell lymphoma in a goat

Multicentric B-cell lymphoma with extensive retrobulbar involvement was diagnosed in a 6-year-old Nubian goat that was presented with conjunctival swelling and exophthalmos. Serologic testing for bovine leukemia virus (BLV) was negative. Postmortem computed tomography aided in identification of the extent of soft tissue and bone lesions.     

Seborrhoeic dermatitis in a goat due to Malassezia pachydermatis

A 6-year-old female goat was presented with a seborrhoeic dermatosis of 5 months duration. The condition developed following a severe enteritis associated with weight loss. Dermatological examination showed a generalized greasy seborrhoeic dermatosis, which spared the head and extremities of the limbs. Microscopic examination of impression smears of lesional skin revealed numerous yeasts typical of Malassezia sp. Culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar yielded Malassezia pachydermatis growth. Histopathological examination of haematoxylin/eosin and safranin (HES) stained sections of biopsies showed mild lymphocytic superficial perivascular hyperplastic dermatitis. Numerous budding yeasts were visible both on the surface, and follicular keratin, in HES and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stained sections. A dramatic response was observed after 1 week of a topical anti-Malassezia treatment, and the resolution of the condition was complete after 4 weeks.     

Posterior paresis due to a malignant lymphoma in a goat

This report describes a 4-year-old goat with posterior paresis and subsequent paralysis caused by malignant lymphoma. The goat was referred to our clinic because of progressive posterior ataxia, which developed into posterior paresis and paralysis. The goat was presented in sternal recumbency but was able to assume a dog-sitting position. A neurological examination revealed reduced sensitivity to pricking of the skin with a needle, and a bilateral reduced panniculus reflex. The cerebrospinal fluid was slightly cloudy with increases in the protein concentration and leukocyte count, which consisted of 98 % lymphocytes, 1 % monocytes and 1 % neutrophils; three cells had mitotic figures. Based on the clinical findings, a tentative diagnosis of central nervous system disease of the thoracolumbar spinal cord was made, and euthanasia and postmortem examination were carried out. The lymph nodes in the ileosacral region appeared as a 15 × 12 × 5 cm confluent mass, which involved the ventral vertebral column and infiltrated the spinal canal. Histological examination of the tumour yielded a diagnosis of microcytic malignant lymphoma.     

Management of obstructive urolithiasis and concurrent urethral rupture in a goat

A 4-month-old, male castrated Alpine White goat presented to the University of Guelph, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, with urolithiasis and a ruptured urethra. A tube cystostomy was performed using an indwelling Foley catheter. Postoperatively, the goat remained in good health, and was discharged with the cystostomy catheter in situ. Five weeks following surgery, the goat was noted to pass urine through its urethra. Seven weeks following surgery, the catheter became dislodged and the goat was observed to urinate normally. Six months following surgery, the goat was apparently healthy and urinating normally. Tube cystostomy may be a useful therapeutic option in the management of small ruminants with obstructive urolithiasis with concurrent rupture of the urethra, especially for cases in which treatment cost is a limiting factor.     

Percutaneous tube cystostomy and vesicular irrigation for treatment of obstructive urolithiasis in a goat

Treatment of a 3-month-old male goat with obstructive urolithiasis by means of percutaneous tube cystostomy and vesicular irrigation with a chemolysis solution is described. The cystostomy tube was inserted percutaneously with ultrasonographic guidance. Patency of the urethra was reestablished with no clinical evidence of urethral stricture or recurrence of obstruction during the following 12 months. Results in this goat suggest that percutaneous tube cystostomy may be an economical alternative to surgical cystostomy tube placement. Chemical dissolution of calcium phosphate uroliths with a commercially available compound appears to be feasible in goats.     

Pollakisuria in a dwarf goat due to pathologic enlargement of the uterus

Pollakisuria in adult goats can be caused by diseases of the urinary tract and by distension of parts of the genital tract leading to irritation of the bladder. Hydrometra is the most common cause of uterine distension in goats and usually can be resolved by prostaglandin injections. But other pathologies of the uterus can generate a similar syndrome. A dwarf goat was presented at the clinic with a history of chronic pollakisuria and tenesm. An initial ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen led to the suspicion of hydrometra, but treatment with injections of prostaglandin were not successful. Blood samples revealed low progesterone and high oestrogen values. A laparotomy was performed and an enlarged uterus with 1.5 L of mucous content and cystic ovaries were found and partially removed. A single solid leiomyoma was diagnosed histologically in the uterine wall. Two months later the goat's condition had deteriorated and therefore she was euthanized. Necropsy and pathohistological examination revealed the presence of a metastasized adenocarcinoma of the uterus. In this case, the pollakisuria provoqued by distension of the uterus was not caused by hydrometra, but by neoplasia. The syndrome and the pathogenesis of the adenocarcinoma in consideration of the hormonal status of the patient is discussed.     

Uterine Inertia due to Severe Selenium Deficiency in a Parturient Mare

A 12-year-old, multiparous, parturient show jumper embryo-recipient mare presented at a veterinary hospital, seven days past her due date and with a dilated cervix, for evaluation of mild colic. Gastrointestinal or metabolic abnormalities and fetal maldispositions were excluded as causes of dystocia, and a diagnosis of uterine inertia was made. There was no uterine response to oxytocin treatment. A live filly was delivered via C-section, and severe selenium deficiency was eventually confirmed in the mare, her offspring, and in the herd of origin. The filly was born with severe white muscle disease and required intensive treatment. This report suggests that selenium deficiency is an underlying cause of equine uterine inertia in the absence of other causes of dystocia.     

Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension due to Angiostrongylosus vasorum in a dog

A dog was presented with a history of dyspnea, coughing, and ascites. Angiostrongylosis and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were found, as well as a marked discordance between the electrical and mechanical events of the heart. Pulmonary arterial hypertension related to Angiostrongylus vasorum has rarely been reported.     

Severe eosinophilic cholangiohepatitis due to fluke infestation in a pony in Scotland

Fasciola hepatica infestation is reported as a cause of severe eosinophilic cholangiohepatitis in a 28‐year‐old Warmblood cross pony gelding. The gelding presented initially for investigation of acute laminitis found to be secondary to pars pituitary intermedia dysfunction (PPID). Six weeks of treatment including administration of pergolide achieved good control of the laminitis but there was a marked general clinical deterioration over this period with notable weight loss, tachycardia, anorexia and ventral oedema. Hepatobiliary enzymes were increased significantly and there was mild elevation of plasma bile acid concentration. An eosinophilia in both blood and peritoneal fluid specimens and histopathological confirmation of an eosinophilic cholangiohepatitis on examination of liver biopsies supported a primary parasitic aetiology. The pony was treated for Fasciola hepatica with triclabendazole 12 mg/kg bwt but clinical signs continued to progress. Due to poor clinical response the pony was subjected to euthanasia and post mortem examination revealed an overwhelming infestation of the biliary tracts with Fasciola hepatica and a secondary chronic and severe cholangiohepatitis with marked fibrosis. To the authors' knowledge this is the first equine report demonstrating the relationship between the clinical disease syndrome, eosinophilic cholangiohepatitis and hepatic fluke infestation. Depending on geographical location, fasciolosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for equine hepatopathies and can result in severe disease.     

Severe chemosis caused by nephrotic syndrome in a goat: a case report

A 3-year old female goat with nephrotic syndrome was presented because of severe bilateral chemosis. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings, decreased packed cell volume, increased serum urea and creatinine, decreased serum protein and protein loss via the urinary tract. At post mortem examination, a chronic glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis were found. In addition to severe conjunctival oedema, ascites and subcutaneous oedema in the region of the larynx were noted. Immunohistochemistry for the detection of chlamydial antigen in the conjunctiva was negative. This is the first report of severe chemosis caused by nephrotic syndrome in a goat.     

Severe pulmonary disease due to multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease in a horse

Multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease was diagnosed histologically in a 17-year-old Quarter Horse intact mare that was presented with a chronic history of respiratory distress. At necropsy, the lungs were poorly collapsed and the pulmonary parenchyma contained innumerable, discrete, spherical nodules in a miliary pattern. A few similar nodules were scattered in the liver and the renal lymph nodes. Histologically, these nodules consisted of fibrosing eosinophilic granulomas. Based on histologic findings and the absence of an etiologic agent, a diagnosis of multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease was made.     

南京地区犬尿石症的调查及尿结石成分的分析

对南京地区5家具有代表性的动物医院中近2年犬尿石症临床病例进行了系统调查,并应用傅立叶红外光谱、扫描电镜结合X-射线能谱对84个自然病例的尿石样品的成分作了分析。结果表明:(1):南京地区犬尿石症的发病率为0.58%~1.31%,其中雄性占54.02%,雌性占45.98%。(2)南京地区犬尿结石有4种类型,即磷酸铵镁(鸟粪石)、草酸钙、尿酸盐和磷酸钙。描述了各种结石的显微结构特征,并讨论了犬尿石症的发病原因。     

南京地区犬尿石症流行病学调查

通过南京地区多家大型宠物医院146例犬尿石症流行病学调查,采用化学方法对尿石主要成分进行分析,了解南京地区犬尿石症流行病学特点。结果表明,146例尿石标本中,鸟粪石(磷酸铵镁)成分占52.55%(76/146),尿酸及尿酸盐占17.81%(26/146),磷酸钙占2.74%(4/146),草酸钙占23.29%(34/146),复合型结石占4.11%(6/146)。患尿石症犬的性别倾向、发病部位、平均年龄和饮食习惯对结石的成分及发生部位都有一定的关系。     

Experimental matrix plug production in male cat urine following a natural case of urolithiasis due to matrix plug

Urethral obstruction occurred in a 2-year-old entire long-haired red cat. A suspicion that this was a case caused by matrix plug formation could not be confirmed as reverse flushing using a topical corticosteroid and a trypsin digest appeared to have broken up the obstruction. Nine days later the cat passed a large mucoid mass which, when placed into a simulated urethra produced an obstruction. Histological examination of this plug confirmed that there were no crystalline components and on appearance it was similar to that of natually occurring matrix plugs.