栽培菊与菊属—近缘属杂种远缘杂交的研究

 为利用菊属近缘属优良种质资源,对栽培菊花品种进行改良和种质创新,以菊花品种‘天坠玉露’为母本,大岛野路菊 × 芙蓉菊、南京野菊 × 芙蓉菊和菊花脑 × 菊蒿3个属间杂种为父本进行人工杂交,对杂种后代进行细胞学、形态学观察和基因组双色荧光原位杂交分析。结果发现,以南京野菊 × 芙蓉菊F1为父本进行杂交时,结实率为12.5％,后代中仅检测到‘天坠玉露’和南京野菊两个基因组,芙蓉菊基因组被排斥;以菊花脑 × 菊蒿F1为父本时的杂交结实率为0.25％,后代中也仅检测到‘天坠玉露’和菊花脑两个基因组,菊蒿基因组被排斥;以大岛野路菊 × 芙蓉菊F1为父本时的杂交结实率为22.5％,后代中同时检测到‘天坠玉露’、大岛野路菊和芙蓉菊3个基因组,获得了两属三物种间远缘杂种,其各杂交后代与父母本之间在形态上均存在显著差异。     

秋海棠新品种‘香皇后’、‘厚角’、‘芳菲’和‘苁茎’

 秋海棠新品种‘香皇后’ (厚壁秋海棠×大香秋海棠) 、‘厚角’ (角果秋海棠×厚壁秋海棠) 、‘芳菲’ (厚壁秋海棠×厚叶秋海棠) 、‘苁茎’ (角果秋海棠×红毛香花秋海棠) 均通过有性杂交从其后代群体中选择培育而成。这是国内首次培育出花具香味的秋海棠新品种。新品种株型好, 是一类既可观叶又可观花的室内草本观赏花卉。     

Studies on canning-qualities of tomato

Five tomato cultivars, ‘Pusa Ruby’, ‘Chico Grande’, ‘Sugar Gimar’, ‘Italian Red Pear’ and ‘Roma’, their F₁ hybrids, back crosses and F₂ progeny, were evaluated for fruit-quality and canning-behaviour.The fruits of ‘Pusa Ruby’ were many-loculed, thin fleshed, flat-to-round and soft with good flesh colour, while the others were few-loculed, thick fleshed, oval-to-pear shaped and firm, with poor flesh colour. Fruits from the F₁ generations of the crosses between the two types were intermediate in a majority of the above characteristics. Cut-out tests and evaluation of canned tomatoes revealed that ‘Roma’ and the F₁ and back-crosses to both parents of ‘Pusa Ruby’ × ‘Chico Grande’, and the F₁ of ‘Pusa Ruby’ × ‘Italian Red Pear’ were suitable for whole-fruit canning. The F₁s of ‘Pusa Ruby’ × ‘Chico Grande’, which out-yielded all others, hold promise as the best material for canning.     

几种菊属植物及其种间杂种减数分裂行为观察

 对菊花脑〔D. nankingense ( 2x) 〕、甘菊〔D. lavandulifilium ( 2x) 〕、四倍体菊花脑〔D.nankingense (4x) 〕、‘滁菊’〔D. morifolium ‘Chuju’ (6x) 〕、‘黄英’〔D. morifolium ‘Huangying’ (6x) 〕及其部分种间杂种减数分裂过程染色体行为进行研究。结果表明: 二倍体的菊花脑和甘菊减数分裂中期Ⅰ(MⅠ) 每个花粉母细胞( PMC) 平均染色体配对构型分别为0.83Ⅰ + 8.58Ⅱ和1.50Ⅰ + 8.25Ⅱ; 四倍体菊花脑PMCMⅠ染色体配对构型为2.64Ⅰ + 13.35Ⅱ + 1.03Ⅲ + 0.93Ⅳ; 六倍体‘滁菊’和‘黄英’PMCMⅠ染色体配对构型分别为0.48Ⅰ + 26.09Ⅱ + 0.33Ⅳ和1.09Ⅰ + 25.18Ⅱ + 0.18Ⅲ + 0.50Ⅳ, 是两个已经二倍体化的异源六倍体。菊花脑×甘菊的杂种F₁ PMCMⅠ染色体配对构型为1.61Ⅰ + 8.19Ⅱ; 四倍体菊花脑×菊花脑、菊花脑×四倍体菊花脑杂种F₁ PMCMⅠ染色体配对构型分别为3.42Ⅰ + 8.34Ⅱ + 1.53Ⅲ +0.58Ⅳ和3.62Ⅰ + 8.31Ⅱ + 1.50 Ⅲ + 0.56Ⅳ; 菊花脑ב黄英’、‘黄英’ ×菊花脑和甘菊ב黄英’、‘黄英’ ×甘菊正反交杂种F₁ PMCMⅠ染色体配对构型分别为0.30Ⅰ + 16.45Ⅱ + 0.70Ⅳ、0.29Ⅰ + 16.07Ⅱ + 0.89Ⅳ、0.63Ⅰ + 16.32Ⅱ + 0.68Ⅳ和0.47Ⅰ + 16.38Ⅱ + 0.65Ⅳ + 0.03Ⅵ; 四倍体菊花脑ב滁菊’杂种F₁ PMCMⅠ染色体配对构型为3.59Ⅰ + 18.03Ⅱ + 0.98Ⅲ + 0.52Ⅳ + 0.07Ⅴ。由减数分裂行为可以看出菊花脑和甘菊亲缘关系较近, 菊花脑和甘菊及其近缘种可能是栽培菊花的1个染色体组供体; 菊属3个染色体组间分化程度较低, 彼此亲缘关系较近, 且部分染色体可能存在易位等结构变异, 或菊属内广泛存在促进配对的基因。     

菜豆新品种‘丽芸1号’

‘丽芸1号’菜豆是由‘红花黑籽’ב黑珍珠’杂交选育而成,中早熟,嫩荚浅绿色,嫩荚长×宽×厚平均为17.2cm×1.1cm×0.9cm,不易纤维化,质地较糯,嫩荚含粗纤维0.9%,粗蛋白1.35%,维生素C187mg·kg-1,可溶性固形物7.50%。产量24995.7kg·hm-2,耐热、耐旱性较好。     

用AFLP分子标记鉴定冬枣自然授粉实生后代杂种的研究

 应用AFLP技术对65株冬枣自然授粉实生后代进行杂种鉴定, 从81对EcoRⅠ和MseⅠ选择性引物中筛选出12对带型清晰且多态性较高的引物。用这12对引物共扩增出517条谱带, 其中多态性带376条, 多态性百分率为72.7%。共扩增出金丝小枣特征带10条, 鉴定出34株冬枣×金丝小枣杂交实生苗;扩增出尖枣特征带7条, 鉴定出冬枣×尖枣杂交实生苗15株; 不能确定的有16株。     

The rootstock effects on plant adaptability,production, fruit quality,and nutrition in the peach (cv. ‘Suncrest’)

In clayey and calcareous soils without a stable irrigation and fertilization system, the type of rootstock can particularly affect both the vegetative and productive properties of ‘Suncrest’ peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) plants, and the qualitative and nutritional attributes of their fruit. The GF677 rootstock (P. persica × Prunus amygdalus) promoted the highest vegetative development, followed by Julior (Prunus insistitia). The ‘Suncrest’ on Ishtara [(Prunus cerasifera × P. persica) × (P. cerasifera × Prunus salicina)] and Barrier1 (P. persica × Prunus davidiana) had lower, but similar, plant vigour, but the latter rootstock differed in its higher production of pruned wood. The lowest adaptability to these cultivation conditions was observed for ‘Suncrest’ grafted onto Citation (P. persica × P. salicina), which showed the lowest plant development and production. For the plant yield, the ‘Suncrest’ grafted onto GF677, Julior, Ishtara, and Barrier1 were all similar. The fruit yield and both the canopy volume and pruned wood of ‘Suncrest’ grafted onto Ishtara showed a particular relationship, giving the best indices of yield efficiency and plant physiological equilibrium. Moreover, the same rootstock promoted the largest fruit size, while the smallest fruit were found on GF677 rootstock. The fruit from the Citation ‘Suncrest’ ripened 3 days early, while those from Barrier1 had a late fruit ripening. Firmness, soluble solids and the soluble solids to total acidity ratio were only affected slightly by the different rootstocks, while the total acidity of the fruit varied significantly according to rootstock; the fruit from ‘Suncrest’ grafted onto Barrier1, Julior, and Citation had the highest total acidities. The rootstock effects on the nutritional attributes of the fruit were relevant. The ‘Suncrest’ on Julior and GF677, followed by Ishtara, produced fruit with the greatest antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents. The ‘Suncrest’ on Citation and, especially, Barrier1 had reduced nutritional values of the fruit. The variations in antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents showed a positive correlation.     

Growth-regulator effect on New Guinea Impatiens hybrids

New Guinea Impatiens hybrids ‘Morning Star’, ‘Arctic Star’, ‘Pink Eyes’ and ‘Star Fire’ were tested for their response to (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (chlormequat, CCC), α-cyclopropyl, α-4-methoxypropyl, α-5-pyrimidine methanol (ancymidol, EL531) and succinic acid-2, 2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH). Treatments included the concentrations recommended for other bedding-plants plus extremely high concentrations, and were applied as a soil drench or a spray, with or without a surfactant. Results indicated highly significant cultivar × chemical interactions, which precludes the making of specific recommendations that would apply to all cultivars. Of the chemicals tested, ancymidol generally showed the largest and most stable effect. Where height was reduced, the reduction was usually less than 10% of total height. Because genetically controlled height variation in these Impatiens is much greater, breeding for the desired plant height should be more economical than chemical modification.     

The Response of Soilless Grown ‘Michele Palieri’ (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Vitis vinifera</Emphasis> L.) Grapevine Cultivar to Deficit Irrigation Under the Effects of Different Rootstocks

Global warming, altering the physiology and irrigation demand of grapevines, has already been perceived in certain premium viticulture regions across the world. Selection of proper rootstocks for especially new cultivars has vital role for a sustainable viticulture under water-deficit conditions. The grapevine cultivar ‘Michele Palieri’ has been finding a good reception on the global markets. The objective of this study was to determine the response of ‘Michele Palieri’ cultivar to deficit irrigation using different rootstocks with distinct genetic origins. Two irrigation regimes (Full Irrigation [FI] and Deficit Irrigation [DI]) were applied to the vines of different grafting combinations of ‘Michele Palieri’ with Kober 5 BB, Richter 99, Richter 110, 140 Ruggeri, 44–53 Malégue or grown on own roots. Two years old vines were cultivated in 60?L pots containing sterile peat under controlled glasshouse conditions. Irrigations were regulated according to soil water matric potential (Ψm) levels using tensiometers. The volume of the irrigation water that has to be applied to attain 100% field capacity was performed as FI, while 50% of FI was considered as DI. The water was transported directly into the pots by micro-irrigation systems consisting of individual spaghetti tubes. The vines of DI treatment showed visible symptoms of mild water stress (e.?g., loss of turgor in shoot tips), but no defoliation or leaf necrosis occurred. DI treatment reduced the gs of ‘Michele Palieri’ scion cultivar in varying levels depending on the rootstock. DI treatment also affected vegetative growth of the scion cultivar in different levels. For example, the greatest decrease (26.7%) in shoot length resulting from DI was determined in ‘Michele Palieri’/5 BB grapevines, followed by own rooted vines (13.1%), while the lowest change (2.4%) was found in vines grafted on 110?R. Overall findings of this study imply that the rootstocks originating from V. berlandiery?×?V. rupestris hybrids (110?R, 99?R, 140?Ru and 44–53?M) better performed in a similar genetic aptitude under deficit irrigation regime while the rootstock 5 BB (V. berlandiery?×?V. rupestris) showed more susceptible responses. On the other hand, the general response of own rooted vines were better than those grafted on 5 BB. Therefore, the use of one of V. berlandiery?×?V. rupestris hybrids may be a better choice for viticulture under semiarid regions.     

中国葡萄属野生种及其种间F1 代抗旱性鉴定初探

 在盆栽干旱胁迫条件下, 测定了中国葡萄属野生种8 个种的11 个株系及野生种燕山葡萄与美洲种河岸葡萄杂交F1 代的叶片失绿黄化程度、相对含水量和原生质体细胞膜透性, 并以这3 项指标综合评价中国葡萄属野生种及其种间F1 代的抗旱性。结果表明, 中国葡萄属野生种中: 燕山葡萄燕山- 1 为高抗类型; 葡萄泰山- 1 为中抗类型; 葡萄安林- 2、山葡萄泰山- 11、秋葡萄江西- 2 和平利- 7、复叶葡萄甘肃- 91 和南郑- 2、毛葡萄渭南- 3、华东葡萄广西- 1 为低抗类型; 刺葡萄塘尾为不抗类型。燕山- 1 ×河岸葡萄杂交F1 代的抗旱性表现为连续分离现象, 个别杂种单株的抗旱性表现为超亲遗传。     

秋海棠新品种‘紫叶’、‘紫柄’和‘大裂’

 秋海棠‘紫叶’ (刺毛红孩儿×变色秋海棠) 、‘紫柄’ (厚壁秋海棠×变色秋海棠) 和‘大裂’ (刺毛红孩儿ב白王’秋海棠) 3个新品种均通过有性杂交从其后代中选育而成。3个新品种株型好, 叶片色彩艳丽, 是既可观叶又可观花的室内草本观赏花卉新品种。     

Effect of temperature on bulb growth capacity and sensitivity to summer sprouting in Lilium longiflorum Thunb.

The production of Lilium longiflorum bulbs in The Netherlands, with its cool climate, has been a problem because of unsatisfactory bulb growth and the risk of premature sprouting of the daughter bulbs (summer sprouting). To investigate the possibilities of breeding a type of L. longiflorum that can be grown under cool climatic conditions, a collection of 27 L. longiflorum cultivars from Japan, The Netherlands and the United States was tested, together with two Asiatic hybrids and a L. speciosum cultivar, under low phytotron temperatures (10, 14, 17°C) and in field experiments.‘Mount Everest’, ‘Saeki’, ‘Indian Summer’ and ‘White American’ were among the best L. longiflorum cultivars, with less than 20% summer sprouting and good bulb production. This was in contrast to ‘Hinomoto’, ‘Ace’ and some American introductions, which showed more than 60% summer sprouting and low bulb production. The lower the phytotron temperature, the more summer sprouting occurred. The differences observed between the cultivars in the field experiments were in agreement with those observed in the phytotron. The genetic variation proved large enough to start a breeding program for L. longiflorum adapted to cool climate conditions.     

Inheritance of some fruit characters in muskmelon

The fruit shape in muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) was classified as flat, round or oblong on the basis of shape index, and inheritance of these shapes was found to be complicated. Stripes on the rind of the fruit were governed by a single recessive gene st and their inheritance was independent of the nature of the rind whether netted or smooth.For netting on the fruit rind 2 genes were found. N gene controlled netting, its allele n smoothness. S gene suppressed netting when present in homozygous condition. N was epistatic over S and so was n over s. In the absence of N, SS caused smoothness and Ss caused netting. The smooth parents ‘Lucknow Safeda’, ‘Sl. 445’ and ‘Durgapura Madhu’ were found to be different from ‘Persiiski-5’ with respect to genes for smoothness.Inheritance of flesh pigments in green × white crosses showed that green flesh was conditioned by a recessive gene. However, in orange × green, green × orange and orange × white, flesh colour inheritance was complex.A possibility of maternal inheritance of pigments and an interaction between nuclear and extra-nuclear genes was suggested. Probably different genes were controlling chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments through separate biochemical pathways.     

Acquisition of triploid germplasms by controlled hybridisation between diploid and tetraploid in Chinese jujube

‘Chenguang’ is the first released tetraploid cultivar (2n = 4x = 48) of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) induced by colchicine. The purpose of this study was to create triploid germplasms by using ‘Chenguang’ as a parent. The controlled crosses between autotetraploid ‘Chenguang’ and diploid ‘Dongzao’ were carried out from 2013 to 2015 by maintaining the 2 parents in a nylon net and employing bees as pollinator. A total of 606 fruits were produced, yet only 17 seeds were obtained from ‘Dongzao’ and none from ‘Chenguang’. Direct sowing of the seeds in greenhouse showed a higher seedling rate than embryo culture. Four progeny plants were eventually obtained in the greenhouse and all of them were confirmed as authentic hybrids by SSR marker technique. At last, 3 triploids and 1 diploid were identified by flow cytometric analysis. Consequently, tetraploid ‘Chenguang’ with high pollen vitality and pollen number per anther could be used as a reliable 2n pollen provider, and the 2x × 4x cross combination type is more suitable for triploid creation in Chinese jujube. This is the first successful production of triploid hybrids by controlled cross between diploids and tetraploids in jujube.     

Effect of short-term exposure to high-temperature on total gene expression in the leaves of four raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars

Summary

The effect of high temperature stress (27ºC or 37ºC for 24 h) on total gene expression profiles in the annual-fruiting raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars ‘Autumn Bliss’, ‘Autumn Treasure’, ‘Erika’, and ‘Polka’ were evaluated at the floral initiation stage using a customised Rubus microarray. Significantly affected genes were obtained by pairwise t-tests using ‘volcano plots’ for each cultivar × treatment. A 10ºC elevation in temperature altered levels of expression, in at least one cultivar, of 644 differentially expressed genes in total, with ‘Erika’ and ‘Autumn Treasure’ showing elevated expression of 38 genes compared to ‘Autumn Bliss’ and ‘Polka’. We identified 12 common candidate genes that were modulated differentially in ‘Autumn Bliss’ and ‘Erika’ at 37ºC compared to 27ºC. In addition, two aquaporin genes (PIP1 and TIP2) were down-regulated in ‘Autumn Bliss’, but up-regulated in ‘Autumn Treasure’, ‘Polka’, and ‘Erika’ at 37ºC. Other down-regulated genes from the list of 38 genes included those encoding major latex-like proteins, plasma membrane proteins, cysteine rich proteins, and other stress-related proteins. Validation by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) indicated subtle changes in differential gene expression, suggesting a mild response to heat stress. This study used molecular tools to increase our understanding of, and to identify candidate genes involved in, the heat stress response of four annual-fruiting raspberry cultivars.     

Influence of almond × peach hybrids rootstocks on flower and leaf mineral concentration,yield and vigour of two peach cultivars

Flower and foliar nutrient content of ‘Queen Giant’ and ‘Tebana’ peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] on six almond × peach hybrids rootstocks (‘Adafuel’, ‘Adarcias’, ‘GF 677’, ‘Cadaman’, ‘Garnem’ and ‘Felinem’) were determined during one season. The mineral elements analysed were: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Na and Cu. Leaf N concentration in ‘Queen Giant’ was the highest on ‘Cadaman’ and ‘GF 677’ and the lowest on ‘Adarcias’. The P, Fe and Zn concentrations in flowers and leaves were significantly correlated. The leaf chlorophyll concentration at 120 DAFB was positively correlated with Fe floral concentration and with K, Zn and Na leaf concentration, in ‘Queen Giant’, and with K and Mn leaf concentration, in ‘Tebana’. In ‘Queen Giant’, the greatest trunk cross-sectional area was exhibited with ‘Felinem’ and ‘Garnem’ and the lowest with ‘Adarcias’. In contrast, the greater yield efficiency was found on ‘Adarcias’. In ‘Queen Giant’, a negative correlation was found between yield efficiency and Ca in leaves and in flowers. A positive correlation was observed between tree vigour and flower Fe, flower Ca and leaf Ca concentration. Correlation was also found between yield efficiency and Mg in ‘Tebana’ flowers. In ‘Queen Giant’, ‘Felinem’ rootstock showed the weakest balanced nutritional values (ΣDOP index) compared with other rootstocks.     

Induction of viable 2n pollen in sterile Oriental × Trumpet Lilium hybrids

In order to induce viable 2n pollen from highly sterile diploid Oriental × Trumpet (OT) (Lilium), N₂O was used to treat flower buds of four sterile diploid OT cultivars (‘Nymph’, ‘Gluhwein’, ‘Yelloween’, and ‘Shocking’) at different stages of meiosis. There was no pollen germination in the controls. However, after N₂O treatment at 600 kPa, three of the OT hybrids (‘Nymph’, ‘Gluhwein’, and ‘Yelloween’) not only exhibited fertile flower percentages (4.3–16%), but also higher rates of pollen germination (18.8–72.5%). In addition, both the fertile flower percentages and rates of pollen germination were higher following 48 h N₂O treatment at 600 kPa than the 24 h treatment. Following 72 h N₂O treatment at 600 kPa, most flower buds or plants were damaged and any undamaged flowers showed abnormal anthers at the time of flowering. This indicated that 48 h of N₂O treatment at 600 kPa was optimal to induce viable 2n pollen in three out of four sterile hybrid OT lily cultivars. These results also showed that prophase I – metaphase I was the optimum stage of meiosis at which to induce 2n pollen by N₂O treatment in lily hybrids.     

Plant selection for roadside rain gardens in cold climates using real-scale studies of thirty-one herbaceous perennials

Plant selection for rain gardens along streets and roads in cold climates can be complicated, as the plants are subjected to combined stresses including periodic inundation, de-icing salts, road dust, splashes of water from the road, freezing and thawing of soil, and periods with ice cover during the winter. The purpose of this study was to identify species suited to grow in these conditions and determine their optimal placement within roadside rain gardens. Thirty-one herbaceous perennial species and cultivars were planted in real-scale rain gardens in a street in Drammen (Norway) with supplemental irrigation, and their progress was recorded during the following three growing seasons. The study highlights considerable differences between species’ adaptation to roadside rain gardens in cold climates, especially closest to the road. Some candidate species/cultivars had a high survival rate in all rain garden positions and were developed well. These were: Amsonia tabernaemontana, Baptisia australis, Calamagrostis × acutiflora ‘Overdam’, Hemerocallis ‘Camden Gold Dollar’, Hemerocallis ‘Sovereign’, Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, Hosta ‘Sum & Substance’, Iris pseudacorus and Liatris spicata ‘Floristan Weiss’. Other species/cultivars appeared to adapt only to certain parts of the rain garden or had medium tolerance. These were: Calamagrostis brachytricha, Carex muskingumensis, Eurybia × herveyi ‘Twilight’, Hakonechloa macra, Hosta ‘Francee’, Hosta ‘Striptease’, Liatris spicata ‘Alba’, Lythrum salicaria ‘Ziegeunerblut’, Molinia caerulea ‘Moorhexe’, Molinia caerulea ‘Overdam’, and Sesleria autumnalis. Species/cultivars that showed high mortality and poor development at all rain garden positions should be avoided in roadside cold climate rain gardens. These include Amsonia orientalis, Aster incisus ‘Madiva’, Astilbe chinensis var. tacquettii ‘Purpurlanze’, Chelone obliqua, Dryopteris filix-mas, Eurybia divaricata, Geranium ‘Rozanne’, Helenium ‘Pumilum Magnificum’, Luzula sylvatica, Polygonatum multiflorum and Veronicastrum virginicum ‘Apollo’. The study also found considerable differences between cultivars within the same species, especially for Hosta cvv. and Liatris spicata. Further investigations are needed to identify the cultivars with the best adaption to roadside rain gardens in cold climates.     

Effect of temperature on flowering in Primula vulgaris

When grown in a glasshouse, flowering in Primula vulgaris ‘Aalsmeer Giant’ (yellow) and ‘Ducat’ (blue) was delayed with increasing temperature from approximately 12°C to 18°C. In addition, size of the first open flower and the number of flowering axillary shoots decreased, whereas the number of leaves and leaf area increased with the temperature increase. All temperature responses were greater in ‘Aalsmeer’ than in ‘Ducat’.When grown in growth rooms at 9°C, flowering in P. vulgaris ‘Aalsmeer Giant’ (yellow) was inhibited compared with 15°C. However, when 9 weeks of 15°C was applied to plants grown for 9 weeks at 9°C, the inhibition was overcome; longer periods of 15°C being no more effective. This indicates than an early stage of flower formation, probably the initiation, in Primula vulgaris is inhibited by 9°C, and not the further development of the buds towards open flowers.     

瓜类蔬菜幼苗对辣椒疫霉菌的抗病性鉴定

以10种瓜类蔬菜幼苗为材料,在其2片真叶展平时,分别以孢子浓度为2×103、2×104、2×105个.mL-1的辣椒疫霉菌游动孢子悬浮液进行了人工灌根接种和苗期抗病性鉴定。结果表明,不同瓜类蔬菜品种幼苗对辣椒疫霉菌的抗病性表现完全不同,其中早熟1号肉丝瓜和新秀丝瓜幼苗未感染辣椒疫霉菌;其余9种瓜类蔬菜幼苗随着接种辣椒疫霉菌游动孢子浓度的提高而抗病性降低,在接种辣椒疫霉菌游动孢子浓度为2×104个.mL-1时,蜜本南瓜和新广优节瓜幼苗抗病性较强,早优苦瓜和碧峰黄瓜中度抗病,特大新红宝西瓜、秀美青筋白瓜、银辉薄皮甜瓜、台优蒲瓜和晶莹1号西葫芦高度感病。