鸡堆型艾美耳球虫特异性单抗重链可变区基因的克隆与测序

提取堆型艾美耳球虫子孢子杂交瘤细胞总RNA,进行RT PCR,扩增出重链可变区基因。将已扩增出的鸡堆型艾美耳球虫特异性单抗重链可变区基因片段与pMD 18T载体连接,重组载体转化于感受态细胞JM109,筛选出阳性重组子,提取阳性重组子质粒并进行测序,得到单抗重链可变区的基因序列,为单链抗体基因的构建及免疫毒素的构建奠定了基础。     

抗堆型艾美耳球虫子孢子ScFv-PE40重组毒素活性的测定

将诱导获得的可溶性表达产物抗堆型艾美耳球虫子孢子ScFv-PE40重组毒素,加入含有脱囊后的子孢子的1640培养液中,观察14 h内活动的子孢子数目和活动性的变化,结果与对照组相比,加入重组毒素组的活动子孢子数目明显减少(P<0.05),活动性明显降低,提示重组毒素对鸡堆型艾美耳球虫子孢子具有较强的杀灭作用.从而为鸡堆型艾美耳球虫病的免疫控制研究提供技术手段和理论依据.     

抗隐孢子虫子孢子表膜单链抗体基因的克隆和核苷酸序列分析

应用RT－PCR技术，从分泌具有抗隐孢子虫子孢子表膜单克隆抗体（McAb)的杂交瘤细胞3D6中扩增出抗体VH和VL基因，用linker(Gly4Ser)3基因，将VH和VL基因连接成ScFv基因，并将其克隆至pMD-18T载体中。经核苷酸序列分析证实，VH、VL基因和linker基因拼接正确，基因全长为720bp。经计算机分析，VH和VL基因均为新发现的基因序列，符合功能性重排的鼠抗体可变区基因特征。VH和VL基因分别属于鼠免疫球蛋白重链Ⅱ（A）和轻链κⅢ家族。     

堆型艾美耳球虫(E.acervulina)单克隆抗体细胞株的建立

利用细胞融合技术 ,将堆型艾美耳球虫 (Eimeria acervulina)的子孢子可溶性抗原免疫的小鼠脾细胞和 SP2 / 0骨髓瘤细胞融合 ,通过间接 EL ISA方法筛选 ,得到能稳定分泌针对堆型艾美耳球虫子孢子的特异性抗体细胞株 5 B4和5 G7。用间接 EL ISA方法对这 2株细胞的腹水效价进行测定 ,结果 5 G7细胞株的腹水效价为 1∶ 2 6 2 14 4 ,5 B4细胞株的腹水效价为 1∶ 1310 72。腹水经正辛酸 -硫酸铵二步法纯化 ,SDS- PAGE结果表明 ,此方法对 5 G7细胞株纯化效果较好 ,但对 5 B4细胞株纯化效果不理想     

鸡堆型艾美耳球虫特异性单抗轻链可变区基因的克隆与序列测定

将已扩增出的鸡堆型艾美耳球虫特异性单抗轻链可变区基因进行纯化,并用纯化的基因片段与pMD-18T载体连接,将重组载体转化于感受态细胞JM109,筛选出阳性重组子,提取阳性重组子质粒并进行测序,得到特异性单抗轻链可变区的基因序列。为鸡堆型艾美耳球虫特异性单链抗体基因的构建奠定了基础。     

堆型艾美耳球虫单链抗体-PE40重组免疫毒素的构建

用HindⅢ对已构建的质粒pT-PE40和原核表达载体pET22-ScFv进行单酶切,回收纯化1 101 bp的PE40基因片段并将其亚克隆至pET22-ScFv载体中,构建重组免疫毒素表达质粒pET22-ScFv-PE40。将该质粒转化入感受态大肠杆菌J M109中增殖,提取质粒后用SalⅠ和NotⅠ进行双酶切鉴定,得到了1 114 bp和6 181 bp目的基因片段。测序鉴定PE40的插入方向,选取以PE40基因5′端与ScFv基因3′端连接的重组质粒,构建了抗堆型艾美耳球虫重组免疫毒素质粒pET22-ScFv-PE40。抗堆型艾美耳球虫重组质粒pET22-ScFv-PE40经1 mmol/LIPTG诱导,在大肠杆菌中表达约68 000的目的蛋白。使用抗PE多克隆抗体对目的蛋白进行蛋白印迹分析,结果表达产物与抗PE多克隆抗体发生抗原抗体反应,证明融合基因得到表达。     

堆型艾美耳球虫子孢子和鸡十二指肠上皮细胞的共同抗原的研究

以抗堆型艾美耳球虫子孢子的单抗EASP-3G3作为工具,对鸡各段消化道上皮细胞切片和子孢子进行免疫组化染色,并利用蛋白质印迹技术来检测单抗所识别子孢子可溶性抗原的分子量,来确定子孢子和十二指肠上皮细胞之间是否存在共同抗原。结果表明单抗只与十二指肠上皮细胞发生反应,而与其他肠段无染色反应。而且单抗所识别的可溶性抗原分子量为35~48 ku。抗子孢子的单抗同时与十二指肠上皮细胞和子孢子反应,而不与其他肠段反应,证明堆型艾美耳球虫寄生的位点特异性与十二指肠上皮细胞表面的某种抗原分子有内在的关系。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫子孢子的变化

纯化的柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊，经消毒，水洗处理后放入玛瑙乳钵内研磨。研磨后的卵下混入适量消化液，在４０℃恒温水浴消化３０分钟即成为球虫子孢子粗提液。此粗提液经ＤＥ５２纤维素层析柱过滤，用甘氨酸洗脱液冲洗，收集滤液经离心沉淀即得纯化的柔嫩艾美耳球虫子孢子。     

堆型艾美耳球虫特异性单抗轻重链可变区基因的制备

单链抗体是一种新型的基因工程抗体[21]由抗体的重链可变区（VH）和轻链可变区（VL）通过一段短肽（Linker）连接而成,其分子质量小,结构简单,较亲本抗体免疫原性低,但却较好地保持了亲本抗体的抗原亲和活性.     

不同保存液对堆型艾美耳球虫早熟减毒株子孢子活力的影响

堆型艾美耳球虫早熟减毒株子孢子在含１％甘油、０．５％葡萄糖的ＰＨ７．６ＰＢＳ中，４～８℃条件下，经１４４小时９０．３５％子孢子仍保持活力。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.