用数值反应和实验种群生命表分析胡瓜钝绥螨的控制能力

 在华北平原玉米-潮土系统中,采用原状土柱培养乙炔抑制法研究尿素、硝酸铵、碳酸氢铵和硝酸钙4种氮肥品种的反硝化损失和 N2O 排放量。结果表明,氮肥品种的反硝化损失量为 0.38～1.20　kgN·ha-1,品种间无显著差异;N2O 排放量为 0.05～0.95　kgN·ha-1,品种间差异显著。硝酸铵排放量最高,硝酸钙最低。尿素分 2 次施用比 1 次施用显著或极显著增加反硝化损失量和N2O 排放量,分别增加 4.05 和 1.84　kgN·ha-1。施用氮肥极显著增加玉米产量,增产率达9.7%～19.8%     

冬小麦-夏玉米轮作条件下氮素反硝化损失研究

  在北京潮土上研究了冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系下土壤氮素反硝化损失。结果表明，不同氮肥用量处理，土壤氮素反硝化损失量为4.71～9.67 kg·ha-1。夏玉米生育期是反硝化损失的关键时期。氮肥施用后的1～2周是氮素反硝化损失的最剧烈阶段。土壤N2O的生成、排放与反硝化作用有相似的规律性，N2O可能大部分来自于硝化作用。     

玉米-潮土系统中氮肥硝化反硝化损失与N_2O排放

在华北平原潮土上应用原状土柱状态乙炔抑制法测定夏季玉米地氮肥硝化反硝化气态损失重和N2O排放量。结果表明，潮土上尿素氮水解快，砂化活性较高。不施氮肥处理下土壤中N2O排放总量为0．33kgN/ha；施氮大大增加N2O排放量，氮肥表施时N2O排放量为2．91kgN/ha，穴施时为2．50kgN/ha，分别为施氮量的1．94％和1．67％。不施氮肥时土壤氮的反硝化损失量为1．17kgN/ha，氮肥反硝化损失量表施时为3．00kgH/ha，穴施时为2．09kgN/ha，分别占施氮量的2．00％和1．39％。硝化反硝化作用不是该地区氮肥损失的主要途径。     

控释氮肥对紫色土坡耕地N2O排放量的影响

为探明控释氮肥对紫色土坡耕地氧化亚氮(N20)排放量的影响,以不施肥为对照(CK),研究了尿素(UR)、缓控释氮肥(CR)、缓控释氮肥+尿素(25％CR,尿素75％)各处理对玉米产量、玉米生育期的径流和氮素损失量以及N2O排放量的影响.结果表明,对照处理玉米产量最低,径流损失量最大,壤中流氮素损失量和NO排放量要远低于施肥处理,说明施肥是造成氮素流失和氧化亚氮排放的主要原因.缓控释氮肥处理生育期的壤中流氮素损失量在4个处理中最大,为31.7 kg/hm2,但N20排放量为0.35 kg/hm2,比尿素处理降低了37％.控释氮肥+尿素处理壤中流氮索损失在施肥处理中最低,为20.9 kghm2,N2O排放量比尿素处理低15％.控释氮肥的氮素在生育期内缓慢释放,低的土壤无机氮使得控释氮肥能够降低坡耕地N2O排放,但控释氮肥会导致壤中流氮素损失量增大.因此,控释氮肥和尿素配合使用在降低N2O排放的同时,还能减少壤中流氮素损失.     

Evaluation of Pathway of Nitrogen Loss in Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation System

The nitrogen loss pathway in winter wheat and summer maize rotation system was studied based on field experimental data. The results showed that nitrogen recovery rate was significantly decreased with nitrogen fertilization rate increased, while residual rate and losses rate had an increasing trend. Accumulated ammonia volatilization loss in winter wheat and summer maize rotation was 12. 8(N0), 22. 0(N120), 33. 0(N240) and 64. 5 kg N ha-1(N360) respectively and rate of ammonia volatilization loss was 3.8, 4.2 and 7. 2 % respectively while urea was mixed with 0 - 10 cm soil or spread before irrigation. Denitrification loss with acetylene-soil core incubation method in winter wheat was lower than 1 kg N ha-1 and rate of denitrification loss was 0. 21 - 0. 26% or trace. Denitrification loss in summer maize was 1 - 14 kg N ha-1 and rate of denitrification loss was 1 - 5 %. The total gaseous loss in winter wheat and summer maize rotation system was less than 10 %, and the main nitrogen fertilizer loss way was leaching below 0 - 100 cm soil profile and accumulated in deeper soil.     

Nitrification-denitrification Loss and N2O Emission from Urea Applied to Crop-soil Systems in North China Plain

Nitrogen losses are not only important for agriculture but environment as well. Field experiments were set up in summer corn field at Fengqiu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station of CAS in North China Plain. The soil was in maize-chao soil. Nitrification-denitrification losses and N2O emission were determined by acetylene-inhibition soil-core incubation method in the soils applied urea. The results showed that urea was fast hydrolyzed and became to nitrate. The soil with non urea released 0.33kg N/ha N2O.However, the soil produced 2.91kg N/ha N2O, about 1.94% of the applied N, when the urea was spread on soil surface. N2O emission reduced to 2.50kg N/ha, about 1.67% of the applied N, when the urea was put in deep soil by digging a hole. The denitrification loss was 1.17kg N/ha in control soil. It increased to 3.00kg N/ha and 2.09kg N/ha, which were 2.00% and 1.39% of the used N, in the soils received urea on surface and sub-surface respectively. It was suggested that nitrification-denitrification was probably not a main way of fertilizer nitrogen loss in this region.     

Effects of Long-Term Application of Sulfur-Containing and Chloride-Containing Chemical Fertilizers on Rice Yield and Its Components

Impacts of 33-yr of application of S-containing and Cl-containing chemical fertilizers on rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield and its components were investigated in a red paddy field experiment, south China. The treatments included: 1) adding 302 kg SO42-S ha-1 yr-1 with application of (NH4)2SO4, K2SO4, and calcium superphosphate (SO42-); 2) adding 56 kg SO42--S and 176kg CI ha-1 yr-1 with application of urea, calcium superphosphate, and KC1 (C1-+SO42-); 3) adding 516 kg C1 ha-1 yr-1 with application of NH4C1, KC1, and KH2PO4 (Cl-). Under each treatment, the applied N, P, and K nutrients were controlled at conventional rates of 150 kg N ha1- yr-1, 75 kg P2O5 ha-1 yr-1, 225 kg K2O ha-1 yr-1, respectively. Under the S-containing fertilizer application, soil SO42--S content showed a first increasing then decreasing trend with years, and was significantly negatively correlated with annual rice yield. Average annual yield significantly declined in an order of Cl-, C1-+SO42-, and SO42-. Under the Cl- treatment, soil SO42--S content was maintained at about 26.5 mg kg-1, not showing deficiency. From 1990 to 2000, rice yield declined rapidly under the SO42- treatment, and was significantly lower than that under the C1-treatment. After then, there was no significant difference in yield among the treatments. Our results demonstrated that long-term application of S-containing fertilizer could result in excessive accumulation of SO42--S in the red paddy soils of south China, therefore producing a certain threat to rice growth. The Cl-containing fertilizer could be relatively safe.     

Agronomic and Economic Efficiency of Manure and Urea Fertilizers Use on Vertisols in Ethiopian Highlands

Soil fertility depletion is among the major impediments to sustained agricultural productivity especially in the less developed countries because of limited application of fertilizers. Soil fertility maintenance requires a balanced application of inorganic and organic nutrient sources. This study was conducted on a Vertisol in Ethiopia to determine the optimum farm yard manure （M） and nitrogen （N） application rates for maximum return under cereal-pulse-cereal rotation system. The main and interaction effects of M and N significantly affected biomass, grain and straw yields of wheat （Triticum durum） and tef （Eragrostis tear）, but the residual effect on chickpea （Cicer arietinum） was not significant. Application of 6 t M ha^-1 and 30 kg N ha^-1, gave the largest grain yield of both crops but a comparable result was obtained due to 3 t M ha^-1 and 30 kg N ha^-1. The economic analysis revealed that 6.85 t M ha^-1 and 44 kg N ha^-1 for wheat, and 4.53 t M ha^-1 and 37 kg N ha^-1 for tef were the economic optimum rates. The additional benefit obtained due to these rates was about 450 USD ha^-1. Therefore, application of the economic optimum combination of both organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen is recommended for use on cereals in the cereal-legume-cereal rotation system.     

Effect of Nitrogen Applied Before Transplanting on NUE in Rice

Nitrogen （N） application before transplanting, where N fertilizers are applied in seedling-bed and carried to the paddy field with seedlings, is a novel method proposed in this article aiming for improving nitrogen utilization efficiency （NUE） in rice. The effect of this method on mineral N distribution in the rhizosphere soil was investigated in a field experiment with a japonica variety, Ningjing 2, in seasons of 2004 and 2005. There were four levels of N applied 16 h before transplanting： zero N （NO）, 207 kg ha^-1 （NL）, 310.5 kg ha^-1 （NM）, and 414 kg ha^-1 （NH）. The result indicated that N fertilizer before transplantation had positive effect of increasing mineral N content in the rhizosphere soil of rice. Generally, N content in the rhizosphere soil of rice tended to increase with the amount of N fertilizer before transplanting, with the NH treatment having the largest effect. Additionally, N fertilizer before transplanting had significant influence on rice NUE and grain yield. Compared with other treatments, the NM treatment showed the largest influence, with basal-tillering NUE, total NUE, and grain yield being 15%, 12%, and 529.5 kg ha^-1 higher than those of NO treatment. This result indicated that N fertilizer before transplantation had positive effect on mineral N distribution in the rhizosphere soil of rice, thus improving NUE and grain yield.     

新型氮肥对膜下滴灌玉米产量、氮素吸收及利用率的影响

【目的】比较不同新型尿素在膜下滴灌玉米上的肥效差异,筛选最佳的新型尿素类型。【方法】设置7个处理:不施氮肥、常规尿素、聚能网尿素、腐殖酸尿素、含锌尿素、控失尿素和常规尿素加锌。各处理施用等量氮磷钾,控失尿素全部基施,其他处理尿素30%作基肥,70%后期随水滴施,磷钾肥全部基施。在成熟期测定其生物量、产量和氮肥吸收利用率和土壤中铵态氮、硝态氮含量。【结果】与普通尿素相比,新型尿素处理后玉米产量增加6.32%~9.62%,地上部干物质量增加5.62%~13.43%,差异显著。其中控失尿素增产效果最为明显,比普通尿素增加13.43%;与普通尿素相比,新型尿素处理后氮肥利用提高3.26%~8.28%,控失尿素氮肥利用率最高;新型肥料均有利于提高0~40 cm土壤铵态氮和硝态氮累积,其中控失尿素处理后效果最好。【结论】施用控失尿素,棉花产量提高9.62%,地上干物质量提高13.43%,氮肥利用率提高8.28%,应用效果最好。     

包膜尿素不同配比减施对土壤无机氮含量及玉米氮素吸收的影响

【目的】研究包膜尿素与普通尿素不同配施比例对氮素释放及玉米氮素吸收的影响,旨在筛选有利于东北春玉米高产及氮素高效利用的包膜肥料与普通尿素比例,为控释氮肥在东北地区春玉米生产上的推广应用提供科学依据。【方法】2017年在辽宁省沈阳市和海城市两地以当地主栽品种东单6531和铁研358开展田间试验。供试肥料：树脂包膜尿素和普通尿素。两个试验区均设置了不施氮处理（CK0）、普通尿素常规施氮量（CK）和减氮对照处理（CK1）、树脂包膜尿素较CK减氮处理（T0）;沈阳试验区还设置了3个树脂包膜尿素与普通尿素不同配比及减氮处理（T1、T2、T3）,海城试验区设置了两个处理（T1、T2）。T1、T2、T3处理包膜尿素和普通尿素的配施比例分别为8:2、6:4、4:6;沈阳试验区常规氮肥用量为244 kg·hm ^-2,减氮处理施氮量为220 kg·hm ^-2;海城试验区常规氮肥用量为217 kg·hm ^-2,减氮处理施氮量为195 kg·hm ^-2。玉米生长季内各生育时期分别采集土壤和植株样品,测定土壤无机氮含量和植株不同部位养分含量,每个小区单独采收记录产量。 【结果】包膜尿素与普通尿素配施能显著提高玉米产量（P<0.05）,且随着配施比例的增加,产量呈先增加后降低趋势,其中T2处理的玉米产量最高（10 250 kg·hm ^-2）,CK1产量最低（9 307 kg·hm ^-2）。在等氮素条件下,玉米产量表现为T2>T3>T1>T0>CK1,籽粒产量较CK1处理增产幅度为3.89%—25.76%。在减氮10%条件下,T2处理产量与CK处理相比差异不显著。包膜尿素与普通尿素配施能显著提高玉米生育前期土壤中无机氮含量,树脂包膜尿素可以为玉米中后期生长提供氮源,且在等氮条件下,随着包膜肥料与普通尿素配比增加,氮素表观利用率和氮肥农学效益均呈先升高后降低趋势,其中均以T2处理最高,CK1处理最低,两地结果一致。 【结论】包膜尿素与普通尿素配施处理的春玉米产量、氮肥利用率和氮肥农学效益均优于普通尿素处理,其中以T2处理包膜尿素与普通尿素配比为6:4,效果最好;根据两种肥料不同时期的释放特点,通过拟合曲线,在辽中南地区,当62%包膜尿素搭配38%普通尿素条件下,产量、氮素表观利用率和经济效益最高且最合理,可以充分发挥普通尿素和包膜肥料优势,可有效增加春玉米中后期土壤无机氮供应能力,获得显著的增产效果,提高经济效益。     

不同氮肥在不同土壤中对小麦氮素利用及产量的影响

为探究不同土壤类型下适合小麦生长的氮肥种类,以‘豫教5号’为供试材料,于2017—2018年在河南省临颍县开展盆栽试验,设置潮土（SC）、黄褐土（SH）、砂姜黑土（SS）三种土壤类型;尿素（UR）、硝酸铵(AN)、硫酸铵(AS)、硝酸钙(CN)、氯化铵（AC）5种氮肥类型,研究不同土壤类型下不同氮肥处理对小麦干物质累积、养分吸收利用和产量的影响。结果表明,小麦‘豫教5号’对氮肥类型的响应与土壤类型有关,应根据土壤类型选择不同的氮源肥料。在潮土条件下,硫酸铵和氯化铵处理有利于小麦干物质累积,显著提高小麦产量及氮肥利用效率和氮肥偏生产力;在黄褐土条件下,硝酸钙处理表现较好;砂姜黑土条件下,硝酸钙和硫酸铵处理的干物质累积量和产量较高。研究结果明确了不同土壤类型下适合小麦生长的氮肥形态,为氮肥的合理施用及小麦的高产栽培模式奠定了理论基础。     

不同肥料施用对玉米耗水量和产量的影响

在宁南山区半干旱区老牙村淤绵土上进行了施用不同肥料对玉米耗水量和产量的影响试验,结果表明,在基施农家肥30000kg／hm^2基础上,单施尿素300kg／hm^2、碳酸氢铵900kg／hm^2的水分生产率最高,其次是施用过磷酸钙、磷酸二铵、有机肥和硫酸钾,不同肥料施用对水分利用效率差异不大。今后旱作节水农业应采用增施有机肥、氮、磷、钾配合使用,以肥调水,可有效提高水分生产率。     

Effects of Nitrogen Management on the Yield of WinterWheat in Cold Area of Northeastern China

A plot experiment including four treatments, CK (N 105 kg ha-1 as urea, including a basal N application of 35 kg ha-1 and a topdressing N 70 kg ha-1 at turned green stage) and optimized N management (OPT1, OPT2 and OPT3, applied two-thirds, one-third and two-fifths N at jointing stage, respectively, total N 60 kg ha-1), was conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrogen management on growth and N uptake of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), Dongnong 1, which is the first highly cold tolerant winter wheat in China. Index of population quality, N uptake and yield were determined. The ear-bearing tiller rate was increased by above 12%, and the leaf area index, biomass and N uptake were significantly decreased (P<0.05) at jointing stage. OPT treatments increased the grain to leaf area ratio at heading stage, the dry matter weight and N uptake after heading by 14.3-27.9%, 11.6-28.7% and 118.1-161.8 %, respectively. The yield of the OPT treatments was increased by 14.2-37.5% compared with CK, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between CK and OPT1 treatments. Harvest index and N partial factor productivity (PFP, kg grain yield per kg N applied) was clearly enhanced from 0.4 and 35.6 kg, respectively for CK to an average of 0.48 (P<0.05) and 77.6 kg (P<0.05) in the OPT treatments. These results indicated that the optimized N management increased the harvest index, yield and N use efficiency by decreasing the N application rate and postponing N application time, improved wheat population quality, controlled excessive growth in the vegetative stages and increased dry matter and N accumulation rates after heading.     

旱地反硝化作用和N2O排放影响因子的研究

用乙炔抑制原状土柱和模拟土柱法,研究了包括水分、碳源、氮源以及反硝化的主要决定因子水分干湿交替对土壤N2O排放量的影响。结果表明,影响旱地土壤反硝化的主要因子是作为微生物能源和碳源的有机物质,在碳源充足时,土壤的硝态氮含量和水分因子是限制因子;两种氮源相比较,在一定的碳含量和水分条件下,土壤N2O排放量并不随NO3--N加入量的增加而增大,最大N2O排放量发生在氮源加入量为300 mg/kg时;而当氮源为NO2--N时,土壤N2O排放量随NO2--N加入量的增加而增大,最大排放量为NO2--N为450 mg/kg处理。在同等土壤水分条件下,土壤由湿变干过程中产生的N2O通量高于土壤由干变湿过程中的产生量;土壤由干变湿过程中N2O通量随着土壤水充孔隙空间(WFPS)含量的增加而增大,但在土壤由湿变干过程中最大N2O通量并非在土壤水分饱和状态下,而是在土壤WFPS为70%时,而后N2O排放量随土壤WFPS含量的减少而降低;施肥处理土壤与不施肥对照相比,两者的N2O通量变化趋势相同,但对照的变化幅度相对较小。     

等氮量条件下有机肥替代化肥对玉米农田温室气体排放的影响

[目的]明确大田等氮量条件下,有机肥替代化肥对玉米农田土壤温室气体(N20和Co2)排放及其增温潜势的影响,为稳定作物产量、减少化肥投入、减少氮肥流失、提高氮肥利用效率提供理论依据.[方法]2018和2019年大田采用静态箱-气相色谱法,以不施肥(CK)为对照,比较等氮量条件下常规单施化肥(NPK)、有机肥替代30％(...     

长期不同施肥措施冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系周年氨挥发损失的差异

目的 基于定位试验平台,比较长期不同施肥处理下小麦-玉米轮作体系周年土壤氮素氨挥发损失的差异,为降低氨挥发损失、提高氮肥利用率提供理论依据。方法 2019—2021年,依托山东农业大学黄淮海玉米技术创新中心定位试验平台,以冬小麦品种石麦15和夏玉米品种郑单958为试验材料,以不施氮肥为对照（CK）,采用有机肥（腐熟牛粪M）和无机氮肥（U）两种氮肥类型,设置两个施氮量分别为380 kg N·hm^-2（M1、U1、U2M2）和190 kg N·hm^-2（U2、M2）,试验共计6个处理,其中氮肥在两季作物间的分配是小麦47.4%、玉米52.6%。采用通气法比较各处理土壤氨挥发速率、累积损失量、籽粒产量及氮肥利用效率的差异。结果 两个种植周期内不同施肥处理均显著影响土壤氨挥发。各处理施肥后氨挥发损失速率变化趋势基本一致,小麦和玉米两季的土壤氨挥发均主要发生在施肥后0—7 d,之后处理间的差异逐渐变小。小麦玉米轮作体系周年氨挥发损失量可达8.6—79.4 kg N·hm^-2,以U1处理最高,达到79.4 kg N·hm^-2,其氨挥发损失量较U2、U2M2、M1、M2和CK分别增加18.5%、111.7%、162.3%、20.5%和825.7%,表明高施氮量增加土壤氨挥发损失量,无机氮肥较有机肥增加氨挥发损失量。U2M2、M1和M2处理的氨挥发损失率比U1处理降低80.9%、61.3%、24.8%,表明有机氮肥与无机氮肥配施或单施有机氮肥可显著降低氨挥发损失。周年籽粒产量以U2M2处理最高,达到24 621.8 kg·hm^-2,较U1、U2、M1、M2分别增产10.1%、24.7%、11.7%和32.7%。U2M2处理周年氮肥利用率达52.6%,较U1、U2、M1和M2处理分别提高11.3%、4.1%、13.4%和10.7%。U2M2处理降低了氨挥发损失、同步提高了产量和氮肥利用率,是冬小麦玉米周年轮作的理想施肥策略。结论 施用有机肥可以显著降低小麦玉米轮作体系的周年氨挥发损失量,提高周年籽粒产量和氮肥利用效率。考虑到有机肥源及施用便捷性可将有机无机配施作为当前小麦玉米轮作生产体系降低氨挥发损失、提高氮肥利用效率的主要施肥方式。     

有机无机肥配施对城郊设施甜玉米地N2O排放的影响

本文以长沙近郊设施菜地为研究对象,设置不施肥（CK）、常规施肥（CON）、30%牛粪有机肥氮+70%无机肥氮（CM）、30%鸡粪有机肥氮+70%无机肥氮（NM）4个处理,采用静态暗箱—气相色谱法监测甜玉米（Zea mays var. rugosa Bonaf.）生长季土壤氧化亚氮（N2O）的排放通量,同时测定土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、可溶性有机碳（DOC）含量和作物产量及吸氮量,探讨有机肥与化肥配施对甜玉米季N2O排放的影响。结果表明,甜玉米季表现出较高的N2O排放量,为24.6~33.6 kg/hm2。与CON处理相比,CM处理单位面积N2O累积排放量显著减少了26.9%,而NM处理减排不显著;CM和NM处理单位产量N2O排放量分别减少了35.7%和19.0%。与CON处理相比,CM和NM处理土壤铵态氮含量分别减少60.7%和50.1%,NM处理土壤硝态氮含量显著减少了40.4%, 而CM和NM处理土壤DOC含量无显著变化。随机森林模型和主成分分析结果表明,N2O排放通量与土壤铵态氮、硝态氮和DOC含量呈显著正相关,表明化肥配施有机肥能通过降低土壤无机氮供给,减少N2O产生。另外,较CK处理而言,CON、CM和NM处理的玉米产量分别增产了156.5%、191.8%和188.2%,且CM、NM处理较CON处理分别增加了13.8%和12.4%,CM的氮肥利用率相较于CON处理提高了15.2%。综上,30%有机肥+70%化肥能有效降低甜玉米地N2O排放和增加产量,且牛粪较佳。     

玉米苗期施用缓/控释氮素肥料养分释放特点与土壤生物活性研究

采用盆栽试验,模拟田间生态环境,测定施用不同种缓/控释氮素肥料,玉米苗期土壤尿素态氮、硝态氮、铵态氮含量,脲酶、硝酸还原酶活性、微生物量碳和氮含量变化趋势,比较玉米苗期氮素养分释放、土壤生物活性特点。研究表明,玉米苗期,施用SA nBPT U肥料,尿素态氮和NH4 -N的积累量最多,对土壤脲酶活性有显著的抑制作用;SA U肥料,硝态氮最多;MMA nBPT U肥料,尿素自膜内迁移到土壤中的量较少,硝态氮和微生物量最少。包膜与脲酶抑制剂nBPT相结合的缓/控释肥料,对减少硝态氮的生成效果最为明显。施用nBPT U肥料,微生物量最多。施用不同种缓/控释氮素肥料,土壤硝酸还原酶活性普遍增强,脲酶抑制剂nBPT对土壤硝酸还原酶活性无显著作用;施用不同种缓/控释氮素肥料土壤微生物量碳、氮的变化趋势一致。丙烯酸树脂包膜与脲酶抑制剂相结合的缓/控释肥料控释效果最好。     

Effects of Nitrogen on N Uptake, Grain Yield and Quality of Medium-Gluten Wheat Yangmai 10

The effects of the basal and top-dressing nitrogen (N) on'N uptake and translocation, N utilization efficiency, grain yield and quality of medium-gluten winter wheat Yangmai 10 were studied from 2000 to 2002. The main results were as follows.Nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation in plant at maturity increased with the amount of N application. Grain protein content and wet gluten content were significantly correlated with applied N. There was a significantly positive correlation between nitrogen accumulation before anthesis (NBA) and basal N fertilizer, and between nitrogen accumulation after anthesis (NAA) and top-dressing N. N accumulated in grains was significantly correlated to NBA, NAA and N translocation from vegetative organs after anthesis (NTVA). NBA was significantly correlated with N application, but NAA and NTVA had a quadratic curve correlation with applied N. N fertilizer use efficiency (NUE) had a quadratic curve correlation with applied N, and the NUE was high when basal and top-dressing N was equally applied. For the medium-gluten wheat Yangmai 10 under the same N application ratio, there was a N-regulating effect when the N application was less than 266.55 kg ha-1, a stagnation of yield and quality when N application ranged from 266.55 to 309.08 kg ha-1, and an excessive N application when the N application rate was greater than 309.08 kg ha-1. Under the conditions of this experiment, the precise N application is 220-270 kg ha-1 with basal and top-dressing N equally used when a grain yield of more than 6750kg ha-1, protein content higher than 12%, wet gluten content more than 30% and NUE greater than 40% could be obtained.