An immunohistochemical study of the gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the C57BL/6 mice

The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the eight portions (fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) of the gastrointestinal tract of C57BL/6 mouse was studied with immunohistochemical method using seven types of specific anti-sera against chromogranin A (CGA), serotonin, somatostatin, human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP), glucagon, gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK)-8. In this study, all these seven types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of these IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open-type cell) while cells showing round in shape (closed-type cell) were found in the intestinal gland and stomach regions occasionally. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of gastrointestinal tract. CGA-IR cells were demonstrated throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract and they showed most predominant in the pylorus and duodenum. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout whole gastrointestinal tract and they showed highest frequency in the stomach and colon. Somatostatin-IR cells were demonstrated throughout whole gastrointestinal tract except for large intestine and showed highest frequency in the fundus. HPP-IR cells were found in the fundus with rare frequency. Peculiarly, glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the fundus, ileum and colon with a few frequencies. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus with numerous frequency and CCK-8-IR cells were observed in the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with numerous and/or a few frequencies, respectively. In conclusion, some peculiar distributional patterns of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were found in C57BL/6 mouse.     

Distribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine,Ghrelin or Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Immunopositive Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Meihua Pig

In order to analyze the distributions and densities of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of Meihua pig (an elite native breed of Guangdong province, China), 6 healthy piglets weaned at 30 days of age were fed with the same diet till 65 days of age. At 65 days of age, different sections of the gastrointestinal tract of each piglet were collected, and the features and densities of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) immunopositive cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the 5-HT positive cells distributed at the epithelial layer throughout the intestinal tract (duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon) with a variety of features (e.g. cone, round, spindle), and they could be classified into either open-shape or closed-shape type, the density of 5-HT positive cells in duodenum was highest; The ghrelin positive cells were located along the gastrointestinal tract (gastric glands, pylorus, duodenum and jejunum) with both open-shape and closed shape, and its density decreased along the tract with most cells in gastric glands; The GLP-1 positive cells were observed along the intestinal tract, but its density increased from duodenum to ileum and then decreased in colon. This study might provide supporting data for further study of the gastrointestinal physiology of Meihua pig.     

梅花猪胃肠道5-羟色胺、胃饥饿素和胰高血糖素样肽-1免疫阳性细胞分布特征研究

为了解中国优良地方猪种梅花猪胃肠道内分泌细胞的分布与形态特征,本试验选取6头30日龄断奶健康梅花仔猪,在相同条件下饲养至65日龄,所有仔猪饲喂相同日粮,自由采食饮水。试验结束时,收集仔猪胃肠道各段组织样品,应用免疫组织化学方法观察3种胃肠道内分泌激素5-羟色胺（5-HT）、胃饥饿素（ghrelin）和胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）免疫阳性细胞的分布及形态特征,并对阳性细胞密度进行分析。结果显示,梅花猪的肠道不同部位（十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠）均存在5-HT阳性细胞,主要位于肠上皮组织中,呈锥形、圆形、梭形等形态,可分为开放型和闭合型,其中十二指阳性细胞肠密度显著高于其他肠段（P<0.05）;梅花猪的胃肠道不同部位均有Ghrelin阳性细胞,阳性细胞密度也是随胃肠道走向递减,胃腺体部密度最高;梅花猪的肠道不同部位均有GLP-1阳性细胞,阳性细胞密度沿肠道走向呈抛物线分布,其中回肠数量最多。本试验结果为进一步探究梅花猪胃肠道生理奠定了基础。     

绵羊自然感染贝氏莫尼茨绦虫对小肠黏膜免疫相关细胞的数量变化

运用组织学和组织化学染色法,分别对自然感染贝氏莫尼茨绦虫的成年绵羊（感染组）与正常成年绵羊（对照组）的小肠各肠段的上皮内淋巴细胞、浆细胞、杯状细胞和嗜酸粒细胞的分布和数量变化进行了比较研究。结果显示：感染组小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞、浆细胞、杯状细胞和嗜酸粒细胞数量均显著高于对照组,其中感染组十二指肠、空肠和回肠的上皮内淋巴细胞数量分别比对照组增加了169.11%、230.38%和233.42%（P〈0.01）;嗜酸粒细胞数量分别比对照组增加了116.78%、123.87%和164.51%（P〈0.01）;浆细胞数量分别比对照组增加了127.34%、72.97%和328.26%（P〈0.01）;杯状细胞数量分别比对照组增加了33.40%、41.42%和133.17%。对照组和感染组上皮内淋巴细胞和杯状细胞从十二指肠到回肠均逐渐减少,相反,对照组和感染组嗜酸粒细胞数量从十二指肠到回肠均逐渐增多,对照组小肠固有层浆细胞数量从十二指肠到空肠增加,空肠到回肠减少,感染组小肠固有层浆细胞数量从十二指肠到回肠均逐渐增多;对照组十二指肠、空肠、回肠的上皮内淋巴细胞、上皮内杯状细胞、浆细胞和嗜酸粒细胞均差异极显著（P〈0.01）;感染组十二指肠、空肠、回肠的上皮内杯状细胞、浆细胞和嗜酸粒细胞均差异极显著（P〈0.01）,感染组上皮内淋巴细胞空肠与回肠差异极显著（P〈0.01）,但十二指肠与空肠差异不显著（P〉0.05）。研究结果表明,贝氏莫尼茨绦虫感染成年绵羊后,成年绵羊通过特异性黏膜免疫细胞上皮内淋巴细胞增生加强细胞免疫水平,浆细胞增生加强体液免疫水平,同时还通过非特异性黏膜免疫细胞,嗜酸粒细胞和杯状细胞的增生进一步加强黏膜免疫水平以抵抗贝氏莫尼茨绦虫对绵羊的感染。可见绵羊可以通过黏膜免疫相关细胞增生加强局部免疫力以监视虫体免疫逃逸来抵抗寄生虫的感染。     

Morphologic evaluation of IgM cells of the canine small intestine by fluorescence microscopy.

Biopsies of small intestine from 7 dogs were examined by fluorescence microscopy to determine the number of IgM-containing cells in the lamina propria. Biopsies were taken from duodenum, jejunum, and ileium. (Cell counts were made by 2 persons to demonstrate reproducibility.) There were 452.24 +/- 60.09 cells per mm2 in the duodenum 572.68 +/- 62.13 cells per mm2 in the jejunum, and 107.47 +/- 59.57 cells per mm2 in the ileum. All sections were cut at 6 micrometer. The ileum had fewer cells than either duodenum or jejunum (P = 0.000038 and 0.00001, respectively), whereas duodenum and jejunum did not differ significantly in numbers of cells (P = 0.17528). Quantifying autofluorescent cells in the same sites showed no significant differences among the 3 tissues (P = 0.24697). The autofluorescent cells differed in intensity and morphology from the IgM cells. These two observations tend to support the contention that the autofluorescent cells did not bias the IgM cell counts at the 3 sites. Total autofluorescence (cells, collagen, and vessels) was higher in the ileum than in either the jejunum or the duodenum (P = 0.04967 and 0.03050, respectively). However, all 3 categories counted (IgM cells, autofluorescent cells, and autofluorescent structures) had significant dog-tissue interactions. This will necessitate determining normals for each age-sex-breed category of dog studied.     

肉犊牛小肠黏膜免疫相关细胞的数量变化研究

分别选择1、4、6月龄各4头利杂犊牛的十二指肠、空肠、回肠,利用组织化学法和图像分析法研究犊牛小肠的上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞和肥大细胞的数量变化.结果显示在同一月龄犊牛的小肠的上皮内淋巴细胞数量由十二指肠向空肠、回肠逐渐减少,而杯状细胞的数量逐渐增加,肥大细胞的密度逐渐降低.在1、6月龄犊牛十二指肠、空肠、回肠的上皮内淋巴细胞数量之间差异极显著(P＜0.01);4月龄十二指肠的上皮内淋巴细胞数量最多(P＜0.01).在1月龄犊牛十二指肠、空肠、回肠杯状细胞的数量差异极显著(P＜0.01);4和6月龄犊牛十二指肠和空肠之间的杯状细胞的数量差异不显著(P＞0.05),但二者与犊牛回肠杯状细胞的数量差异极显著(P＜0.01).各年龄犊牛十二指肠、空肠、回肠的肥大细胞密度差异极显著(P＜0.01),4月龄时犊牛小肠的肥大细胞密度最低.结果提示犊牛的黏膜免疫水平可能与其机体的发育相一致.     

The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the nude mice, Balb/c-nu/nu: an immunohistochemical study

The distributions and frequencies of some endocrine cells in the eight portions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract - fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum of the nude mouse, Balb/c-nu/nu were studied with immunohistochemical method using six types of anti-sera against serotonin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, somatostatin, glucagon and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP). All of six types of immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle in shape (open type cell) while cells showing round in shape (close type cell) were found in the intestinal gland and stomach regions occasionally. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of GI tract. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole GI tract and they showed the highest frequency in the pylorus. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus and duodenum with numerous and a few frequencies, respectively. CCK-8-IR cells were also restricted to the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with numerous, a few and rare frequencies, respectively. Somatostatin-IR cells were demonstrated throughout the whole GI tract except for the colon and rectum, and they showed the highest frequency in the fundus. In addition, glucagon- and hPP-IR cells were restricted to the fundus and rectum, respectively with a few frequencies. In conclusion, the general distribution patterns and relative frequency of GI endocrine cells of the nude mouse, Balb/c-nu/nu was similar to that of other strains of mice. However, some strain and/or species-dependent unique distributions and frequencies of endocrine cells were also observed especially for somatostatin- and hPP-IR cells.     

肠艾美耳球虫配子生殖与病理变化

用单个肠艾美耳球虫Eimeria intestimalis Cheissin 1984卵囊感染无球虫兔,获得纯种进行研究。1.肠艾美耳球虫的配子生殖阶段寄生于空肠和回肠,此时宿主组织有较严重病变。12指肠、结肠和盲肠未见虫体,但在感染后264小时见盲肠的个别绒毛内有1～3个配子体,可能属偶然现象。2.感染后180小时发现极少数早期配子体,感染后192小时出现少量配子体寄生在空肠和回肠的绒毛和腺上皮细胞内,感染后216至264小时,绒毛上皮和腺上皮细胞内多为配子体、合子和卵囊所取代。感染后216小时出现极少量卵囊,264小时则见有大量卵囊。3.感染开始时(感染后61～73小时),回肠、空肠绒毛上皮正常;腺上皮细胞出现少量滋养体和裂殖体。96至192小时后,肠绒毛上皮和腺上皮受侵害程度渐趋严重,肠绒毛变矮,绒毛上皮及腺上皮细胞肿大变空,细胞核消失。许多腺泡塌陷。感染后216～264小时,肠绒毛受侵害最为严重,空肠和回肠绒毛萎缩或消失,变为一层矮柱或立方形上皮细胞或全无上皮细胞覆盖的绒毛。固有层均质红染,或颗粒状。肠腺塌陷,数量减少,大小不一。腺腔内见有配子体、合子或卵囊残留,部分腺泡上皮细胞再生,细胞核增生成堆。12指肠、盲肠和结肠正常。     

不同月龄山羊小肠黏膜免疫相关细胞的数量变化

为揭示不同发育阶段山羊小肠黏膜免疫特点的内在规律，本试验采用组织学和组织化学方法，对0．5、2和12月龄山羊小肠不同肠段的上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞和肥大细胞的分布和数量变化进行了比较研究。结果显示：随着年龄增长，小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞和肥大细胞的数量逐步增多（P〈0．05），而杯状细胞却逐渐减少（P〈0．05）。上皮内淋巴细胞数从十二指肠至回肠逐渐减少，0．5月龄的回肠上皮内淋巴细胞数仅是十二指肠和空肠的84．45％和98．14％（P〈0．05），肥大细胞的分布规律与上皮内淋巴细胞相似；相反，杯状细胞数从十二指肠至回肠逐渐增多。以上结果提示，在山羊小肠的早期发育中，杯状细胞起着重要的黏膜屏障功能，随着肠道黏膜免疫系统的发育，上皮内淋巴细胞和肥大细胞的黏膜防御作用进一步增强。     

天蚕素和合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态和小肠免疫细胞的影响

为研究日粮中添加天蚕素、合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态及免疫细胞的影响,试验选用480只1日龄健康AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组（Ⅰ组）饲喂基础日粮,试验组（Ⅱ~Ⅳ组）分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%天蚕素、0.3%合生素、0.5%天蚕素+0.3%合生素。试验期42 d。结果显示,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠和回肠、Ⅲ组小肠各段隐窝深度显著或极显著降低（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组小肠各段和Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著或极显著升高（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠绒毛宽度显著降低（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠和空肠、Ⅳ组空肠和回肠绒毛宽度均极显著降低（P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠黏膜厚度显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅳ组小肠各段黏膜厚度均极显著升高（P<0.01）。Ⅱ组回肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组十二指肠和回肠杯状细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅳ组空肠肥大细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）。综上所述,天蚕素、合生素单独或联合添加均能改善AA肉鸡小肠黏膜结构,促进小肠黏膜免疫细胞增殖,联合添加效果最佳。     

Effects of Cecropin and Synbiotics on the Intestinal Mucosal Morphology and Intestinal Mucosal Immune Cells of AA Broilers

In order to investigate the effects of cecropin and synbiotics on the intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal mucosal immune cells of AA broilers. 480 of 1-day-old healthy AA broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate. The broilers in group Ⅰ(control group) were fed basal diet,while that in groups Ⅱ to Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% cecropin,0.3% synbiotics,0.5% cecropin+0.3% synbiotics,respectively. The trial lasted for 42 days. The result showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the villus height of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅱ,and that of small intestine in group Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus height/crypt depth of small intestine in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and that of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus width of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the villus width of duodenum and jejunum in group Ⅲ,that of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The mucous thickness of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased (P<0.05),while that of small intestine in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the intraepithelial lymphocyte of ileum in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05),and that of duodenum in group Ⅲ and small intestine in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the goblet cell of duodenum in group Ⅲ,duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The mast cell of jejunum in group Ⅳ was significantly increased (P<0.05).In conclusion,both the cecropin and synbiotics could improve the small intestine mucosal structure and promote the small intestine mucosal immunocompetent cells proliferation in AA broiler, and the effect of combined utilization would be better.     

The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells in SHK-1 hairless mice: an immunohistochemical study

The regional distributions and relative frequencies of some gastrointestinal endocrine cells in the eight portions (fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon and rectum) of the gastrointestinal tract of SKH-1 hairless mice were investigated using immunohistochemical methods and seven types of specific antisera against somatostatin, serotonin, glucagon, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, secretin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and gastrin. In this study, somatostatin-, serotonin-, glucagon-, CCK-8-, secretin- and gastrin-immunoreactive (IR) cells were identified. Most of these IR cells in the intestinal portion were generally spherical or spindle-shaped (open-type cell) while cells that were round in shape (close-type cell) were occasionally found in the stomach regions. Their relative frequencies were varied according to each portion of gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin-IR cells were found throughout the gastrointestinal tract except for the large intestine. Serotonin-IR cells were detected throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract and were the most predominant endocrine cell types in this species of mouse. Glucagon-IR cells were restricted to the fundus, occurring rarely. CCK-8-IR cells were observed in the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum with frequencies that were numerous, moderate and few, respectively. Peculiarly, secretin-IR cells were demonstrated in the whole intestinal tract with either few or rare frequencies. Gastrin-IR cells were restricted to the pylorus and were numerous. However, no PP-IR cells were found in this study. In conclusion, some peculiar distributional patterns of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were found in SKH-1 hairless mouse.     

An immunohistochemical study of endocrine cells in the alimentary tract of the red-bellied frog, Bombina orientalis

The regional distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells was studied immunohistochemically (PAP method) in the alimentary tract of the red-bellied frog, Bombina orientalis, using antisera against serotonin, somatostatin, chromogranin (CG), cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, bombesin, secretin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). Eight kinds of endocrine cells were identified in this study. These immunoreactive cells were located in the gastric glands of the stomach regions and in the intestinal or esophageal epithelium with variable frequencies. They were spherical or spindle-shaped. Serotonin- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in the whole alimentary tract including esophagus. CG-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the stomach. CCK-8-immunoreactive cells were observed from the antrum to the ileum. Bombesin-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the stomach. Secretin-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in the pylorus, duodenum and ileum. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found in the antrum and duodenum. PP-immunoreactive cells were detected from the antrum to the rectum. In conclusion, throughout the alimentary tract of the red-bellied frog, the different regional distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells were demonstrated. The regional distributions and relative frequencies of the endocrine cells in the alimentary tract of the red-bellied frog were resembled to those of the other anuran species except for esophagus.     

The small intestine of the adult New Hampshire chicken: an immunohistochemical study

The presence and distribution of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide or gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), gastric-releasing peptide (GRP) and glucagon immunoreactivity were studied in the small intestine of the New Hampshire chicken using immunohistochemistry. This is the first report of the presence of GIP-immunoreactive (ir) cells in avian small intestine. GIP, GRP and glucagon immunoreactivity was localized in the epithelium of the villi and crypts of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. In particular, both in the duodenum and in the jejunum immunoreactive endocrine cells to GIP, GRP and glucagon were observed. In the ileum, we noticed GIP-ir and glucagon-ir cells. GRP-ir was found in nerve fibres of all three segments of the small intestine. The distribution of these bioactive agents in the intestinal tract of the chicken suggests that GIP and glucagon may play a role in the enteropancreatic axis in which intestinal peptides modulate pancreas secretion.     

In vitro effects of tachykinins on the smooth musculature of horse gut

The contractile effects of the tachykinins eledoisin, substance P and neurokinin A and B were investigated in vitro on circular and longitudinal muscle strips from horse duodenum, ileum and colon. Circular smooth muscle of the small intestine was highly responsive, large intestine circular smooth muscle less so, while longitudinal muscle from all gut segments was much less sensitive. pD₂ values and intrinsic activities on small intestine circular muscle indicated differences in receptor distribution between the duodenum and ileum: NK₃ and a smaller number of NK₂ receptors being present in the duodenum, and NK₂ receptors predominating in the ileum. Notwithstanding this, eledoisin and neurokinin B were the most active substances on duodenum and ileum, respectively. These findings suggest that tachykinins may play a role in equine gastrointestinal pathophysiology.     

Distribution of K and L cells in the feline intestinal tract

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and GLP-2 are hormones secreted from specialized K cells (GIP) and L cells (GLP-1, GLP-2) in the intestinal mucosa. These hormones play major roles in health and disease by modulating insulin secretion, satiety, and multiple intestinal functions. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of K cells and L cells in the intestines of healthy cats. Samples of duodenum, mid-jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon were collected from 5 cats that were euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study and had no gross or histologic evidence of gastrointestinal disease. Samples stained with rabbit-anti-porcine GIP, mouse-anti-(all mammals) GLP-1, or rabbit-anti-(all mammals) GLP-2 antibodies were used to determine the number of cells in 15 randomly selected 400× microscopic fields. In contrast to other mammals (eg, dogs) in which K cells are not present in the ileum and aborally, GIP-expressing cells are abundant throughout the intestines in cats (>6/high-power field in the ileum). Cells expressing GLP-1 or GLP-2 were most abundant in the ileum (>9/high-power field) as in other mammals, but, although GLP-1–expressing cells were abundant throughout the intestines, GLP-2–expressing cells were rarely found in the duodenum. In conclusion, the distribution of GIP-secreting K cells in cats is different from the distribution of K cells that is described in other mammals. The difference in distribution of GLP-2– and GLP-1–expressing cells suggests that more than 1 distinct population of L cells is present in cats.     

鸡不同肠段碱性氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达的差异性研究

为研究肉鸡肠道不同肠段碱性氨基酸转运载体rBAT(系统b0, )、y LAT2(系统y L)、CAT1(系统y )、CAT4(系统y )mRNA表达的差异性,以快大型黄羽肉鸡为动物模型,采集30日龄接近平均体重黄羽肉鸡的十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结直肠样品,采用相对定量RT-PCR方法研究不同肠段rBAT、y LAT2、CAT1、CAT4mRNA表达丰度。结果显示:结直肠rBAT、y LAT2的mRNA表达丰度极显著低于十二指肠、空肠和回肠(P<0.01),其在回肠表达丰度高于空肠、十二指肠,差异不显著(P>0.05)。结直肠CAT1 mRNA表达丰度极显著高于十二指肠、空肠和回肠(P<0.01),回肠极显著高于空肠(P<0.01),高出十二指肠27.9%(P=0.111)。结直肠CAT4 mRNA的表达丰度极显著高于其他各个肠段(P<0.01),十二指肠、空肠、回肠CAT4 mRNA的表达丰度依次降低,但相互之间无显著差异。结果表明,位于肠上皮黏膜细胞顶端的碱性氨基酸转运系统b0, 和基底部位的系统y L转运载体mRNA的表达在肠道中的分布类似,显著区别于系统y 。     

Specific mucosal IgA immunity in turkey poults infected with turkey coronavirus

The objective of this study was to elucidate the kinetics and magnitudes of specific IgA antibody responses in intestines of turkey poults infected with turkey coronavirus (TCV). Turkey poults were orally inoculated with TCV at 10 days of age. Intestinal segment cultures were administered for duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and the IgA antibody responses were analyzed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 9 weeks post-infection (PI) in two different experiments. The kinetics of virus-specific IgA antibody responses in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were similar: gradually increased from 1 week PI, reached the peak at 3 or 4 weeks PI, and declined afterward. The virus-specific IgA antibody responses in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum showed negative correlation with duration of TCV antigen in the corresponding locations of intestine with Spearman's correlation coefficient of -0.85 (p=0.034), -0.74 (p=0.096), and -0.75 (p=0.084), respectively. Moreover, the virus-specific IgA antibody responses in serum were positively correlated with that of duodenum (coefficient=0.829, p=0.042), jejunum (coefficient=0.829, p=0.042), and ileum (coefficient=0.771, p=0.072) segment cultures, suggesting that the induction of specific IgA response in serum was predictive of an IgA response in intestine. The results indicate that intestinal mucosal IgA antibodies to TCV are elicited in turkeys following infection with TCV. The local mucosal antibodies may provide protective immunity for infected turkeys to recover from TCV infection.     

超微粉中药对保育猪腹泻及肠黏膜免疫细胞的影响

为研制安全、高效环保型保育猪中药添加剂,将72头体重相近的28日龄杜长大断奶仔猪随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头猪,分别饲喂基础饲粮、基础饲粮＋抗生素、基础饲粮＋1%中草药组方Ⅰ、基础饲粮＋1%中草药组方Ⅱ,进行为期28 d的饲养试验,统计腹泻频率及腹泻指数、测定肠黏膜免疫细胞。结果显示,中药Ⅱ组效果优于中药Ⅰ组和抗生素组。中药Ⅱ组腹泻持续时间最短、腹泻频率及腹泻指数最低;与对照组相比,对回肠段杯状细胞数量影响最大的是抗生素组,提高14.29%（P〉0.05）。对其它肠黏膜免疫细胞数量影响最大的是中药Ⅱ组,提高十二指肠、空肠及回肠段上皮内淋巴细胞数量分别达23.37%（P〈0.01）、16.33%（P〈0.01）、14.52%（P〈0.01）;提高十二指肠及空肠段杯状细胞数量分别达31.82%（P〈0.01）、26.92%（P〈0.01）;提高十二指肠、空肠及回肠段肥大细胞数量分别达17.99%（P〈0.01）、23.87%（P〈0.01）、18.71%（P〈0.01）。