酸性羊奶饮料稳定性的研究

以复原乳为原料,用柠檬酸将羊奶pH值调节到4.0~4.1,通过测量其热凝固时间(HCT),研究调酸羊奶生产过程中,不同pH值、加酸浓度、加酸温度、均质压力和温度对其热稳定性的影响。结果表明,当乳中蛋白质含量为1%,添加柠檬酸剂量为2 g/L,温度为60℃,压力为30 MPa条件下均质时,酸性羊奶的热稳定性最大。     

提高甘蔗渣制取木糖得率途径的探讨

论述提高生产木糖得率的途径:采用新、旧甘蔗渣,在相同工艺条件下,旧渣比新渣生产木糖得率提高35.11%,除髓渣比非除髓渣木糖得率提高11.58%;采用阴离子交换调控pH值比直接加酸或碱调整,木糖得率提高9.79%;依据糖膏纯度控制不同浓度及助晶时温度,可减少木糖分解,均可提高木糖得率。     

鹰嘴豆分离蛋白的酶解工艺研究

通过单因素实验和正交实验,得出碱性蛋白酶水解鹰嘴豆分离蛋白的最佳反应条件是：pH8.5、反应温度55℃、底物浓度[S] 2%、酶与底物浓度之比[E]/[S]2%,在此条件下,蛋白水解率可以达到27.86%;碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶在各自最佳反应条件下（碱性蛋白酶pH8.5、反应温度55℃、[S]2%、[E]/[S]2%,木瓜蛋白酶和菠萝蛋白酶均为pH7.2、反应温度55℃、[S]2%、[E]/[S]2%）依次水解鹰嘴豆分离蛋白,反应结束时,蛋白水解度可达到34.64%。     

中性蛋白酶制备酪蛋白抗菌肽的研究

为了替代抗生素的广泛使用,防止病原菌耐药性大大提高,开发酪蛋白抗菌肽新型抗菌剂。本研究利用中性蛋白酶水解酪蛋白,以中性蛋白酶浓度、酶解时间、酶解温度、pH值为影响因子,在单因素试验结果的基础上,应用Centure-composite Design中心组合方法进行四因素三水平的实验设计,以酪蛋白水解液抑菌圈直径为响应值,运用响应面法对水解条件进行进一步的优化。结果表明：酶解温度、酶浓度、酶解时间、pH对酪蛋白水解液抑菌圈直径影响显著;酪蛋白抗菌肽制备的最佳工艺为：水解温度为50℃,酶浓度为3.73%,pH 7.9,酶解时间为130 min。回归方程预测酪蛋白水解液抑菌圈直径理论值可达到21.93 mm,3次验证实验的平均抑菌圈直径为21.91 mm,与理论最大值接近,可见该模型能较好地预测酪蛋白抗菌肽制备的最佳条件。     

超声波对胃蛋白酶水解酪蛋白的影响

研究了超声波对胃蛋白酶水解酪蛋白的影响。结果表明,超声波作用下胃蛋白酶反应的最适温度由50℃降低到40℃,最适pH值没有变化;影响超声波对胃蛋白酶活性的主次因素顺序为:频率、功率、温度;在本试验条件下,超声波对胃蛋白酶活性提高的最佳工艺参数为:超声频率40 kHz,功率200 W,温度40℃。超声波对胃蛋白酶水解酪蛋白有促进作用。     

低温脱脂豆粕中大豆分离蛋白提取工艺的研究

采用碱提酸沉法,进行低温脱脂豆粕中大豆分离蛋白提取工艺的研究。通过单因素实验和正交实验,确定了一次碱提的最佳工艺条件为:液固比为10∶1,碱提pH值为9.0,碱提温度为50℃,碱提时间为50min;通过单因素实验确定了最适的酸沉温度为45℃,酸沉pH值为4.6。最终蛋白提取率可达79.36%,蛋白含量为90.1%。     

核桃蛋白提取工艺研究

以碱溶酸沉为基础,对核桃蛋白的提取工艺条件进行了优化。在确定等电点的基础上,分析了辅助浸提方式、pH值、温度、时间、固液比对核桃蛋白提取率的影响。研究表明,核桃蛋白质等电点为4.6;在超声波处理条件下,固液比1:90,温度55℃,碱溶pH值7.5,时间70min为提取条件,其核桃蛋白提取率达55.83%。     

制备马铃薯多孔淀粉酶制剂的选择

采用α-淀粉酶和糖化酶对马铃薯淀粉进行降解制备多孔淀粉。通过对多孔淀粉的得率、吸油率的考察,研究其品质特性随不同酶用量、作用时间、温度、pH值的变化规律,并采用正交试验确定制备多孔淀粉的最佳工艺条件为:α-淀粉酶与糖化酶质量比为1∶2,且总酶量为6%,作用时间为8h,温度分别为55℃和50℃,pH值分别为6.0和3.5。     

超声波辅助浸提木枣多糖优化工艺的研究

通过正交试验,研究了超声波功率、提取温度、提取时间、料液比和提取液pH值对木枣多糖得率的影响。结果表明,各因素影响程度依次为:提取液pH值>料液比>提取时间>提取温度>超声波功率;得到最佳工艺参数为:超声波功率为200W,料液pH值为9,料液比为1∶12,温度为50℃,提取时间为15min。在此参数条件下,木枣多糖提取得率为1.81%。     

高温木质素降解菌Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticus J16的筛选及其产酶发酵性质研究

从张家界、白云山采集到的朽木及落叶中,经分离、纯化后,获得了一株高温木质素降解菌,命名为地芽孢杆菌（Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticus J16）,此菌嗜热,耐高温,只降解木质素且不降解纤维素,对造纸业和可再生能源产业具有重要意义。本文通过对木质素中两种酶木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶活性的研究,确定了木质素过氧化物酶的最适温度为65℃,最适PH为4,在55℃至70℃之间时酶活力较其他温度高且较稳定;锰过氧化物酶最是温度为60℃,最适pH为3在温度为55℃至65℃之间时,活力较其他温度高。作者发酵了黄豆杆、玉米杆、芝麻杆、油菜杆、锯末、小麦杆这六种农业废弃物,通过发酵前后的比较,说明了J16菌株对木质素降解的最大减少量为7.5%。上述数据显示此菌可以应用于废弃秸秆的处理和造纸厂污水的处理,对环保有重要意义.     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

新疆布尔津县土地利用格局特征研究

基于RS与GIS技术,利用景观生态学理论及景观格局指数对布尔津县土地利用现状进行定量分析。结果显示为：（1）布尔津县以草地、林地为主要景观类型,镶嵌着耕地、水域等景观类型。（2）四个分区（即高山区、丘陵区、平原区、荒漠区）的林地资源组成差异明显,耕地、居民、交通及工矿用地集中分布在丘陵区和平原区（3）从各项指数来看,高山区的多样性指数较低;平原区是受人文因素最多的区域,景观优势度低,各种土地利用类型比例差异不大,有利于生态可持续发展,但要合理的开发利用;荒漠区生态环境相对脆弱,要加强生态环境的保护与改善。通过该研究对布尔津县的土地利用现状作一个了解,为该县乃至整个地区的景观规划和可持续发展战略提供科学依据。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.