玛多县高山嵩草草地天然牧草营养评定与载畜量研究

研究选用3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的5岁大通牦牛为瘤胃液供体动物,采用体外产气法和概略养分分析法,评定三江源区玛多县高山嵩草草地型天然牧草营养价值,并计算该草地类型草地载畜量,为本地区确定适宜载畜量提供参考.研究结果表明:(1)常规营养成分中粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、水分、粗灰分(Ash)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)的含量分别为9.45±0.18%、3.13±0.11%、28.19±0.31%、7.07±0.08%、4.82±0.05%、0.21±0.03%、0.21±0.01%;(2)体外评定:120h产气量为75.97±1.34 ml,牧草降解率(DMD)为75.59±4.17 %,24h估测消化能(DM)、代谢能(ME)、有机物质消化率(OMD)分别为11.18±0.30MJ/kg、10.28±0.27MJ、64.70±0.77%;(3)草地数量载畜量约为78万个羊单位;营养载畜量DCP和ME载畜量分别为147万个羊单位、110万个羊单位;(4)最适载畜量为78万个羊单位,即2.27个羊单位/hm2.     

Nutrition and Exercise in the Management of Horses and Ponies at High Risk for Laminitis

Obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia are risk factors for laminitis in horses and ponies. Alterations in management, especially diet and physical activity, can be helpful in the management of these risk factors. Caloric restriction, ideally combined with increased physical activity, to promote weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity is indicated for the management of obese animals. Strict control of dietary NSC through the elimination of grains and sweet feeds and by restricted access to NSC-rich pastures is recommended for insulin-resistant animals, regardless of whether they are obese or not. Medical treatment with levothyroxine or metformin may be indicated in obese or insulin-resistant animals that do not respond to conservative management.     

甲壳素和壳聚糖营养研究进展

甲壳素、壳聚糖是一种新型绿色饲料添加剂,具有降脂、抗菌抑菌和免疫调节等多种生物学活性,本文综述了甲壳素、壳聚糖的生理生化功能以及在畜禽日粮中添加的生物学效应,为进一步促进其开发利用提供理论依据。     

SPF鸡营养需要分析及参考营养标准的研究

本文分析了SPF鸡特殊的生活环境、生理机能和饲料处理方法,研究了制定SPF鸡营养需要量标准应考虑的核心因素,在此基础上提出了SPF鸡不同阶段的参考饲养标准。结果认为,SPF鸡的能量需要较普通鸡稍低,其它营养成分的需要量应主要考虑补足饲料灭菌过程中的损失量。