危害樱桃的一种新叶蜂（膜翅目：叶蜂科丝角叶蜂亚科）

记述丝角叶蜂亚科Ｎｅｍａｔｉｎａｅ实叶蜂属Ｈｏｐｌｏｃａｍｐａ一新种樱桃实叶蜂Ｈｄａｎｆｅｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ。本种危害樱桃严重。     

锤角叶蜂科两新种(膜翅目:锤角叶蜂科)

本文戾述分布于中国的锤角叶蜂科两新种：山楂童锤角叶蜂Ａｇｅｎｏｃｉｍｂｅｘｃａｒｔａｅｇｕｍ和人蒙古喜锤角叶蜂Ｐｒａｉａｎｅｉｍｏｎｇｇｕｎｅｎｓｉｓ。     

台安丝潜叶蜂研究

简要评述了丝潜叶蜂属Fenusella Enslin,1912和台安丝潜叶蜂Fenusella taianensis Xiao & Zhou,1983。根据新采集的标本材料,重新描述了台安丝潜叶蜂形态特征,编制了本属中国已知种分种检索表。     

玫瑰栉角叶蜂生物学特性的研究

玫瑰栉角叶蜂生物学特性的研究刘岐，张秀丽，张凤兰，单丽华，于明拓（铁岭市林业局１１２０００）（辽宁省林业学校）（开原市林业局）玫瑰林角叶蜂ｔＣｌａｄｕｓＰｅｃｔｉｎｉｃｏ。ｌ’ｓ（Ｌ．》是玫瑰上的重要害虫之一。属膜翅目、叶蜂科、格角叶蜂属。目前国内尚...     

白桦锤角叶蜂生活史及生物学特性研究初报

白桦锤角叶蜂生活史及生物学特性研究初报谢宝贵，邢义，邢英明，于明山，韩梅，孙忠强白桦锤角叶蜂是呼盟免渡河林区的主要害虫之一，近几年来为害特别严重，被害株率９０％以上。白桦锤角叶蜂（Ｃｉｍｂｅｘｂｅｔｎｌａｒｉｓ）属于膜翅目广腰亚目锤角叶蜂科，主要分布...     

童锤角叶蜂属一新种(膜翅目:锤角叶蜂科)

记述了采自甘肃天水市膜翅目Hymenoptera锤角叶蜂科Cimbicidae童锤角叶蜂属Agenocimbex RohWer的一个新种－榆童锤角叶蜂A.elmina sp.nov.。     

伊藤厚丝叶蜂的初步研究

伊藤厚丝叶蜂的初步研究朱传富，杨文学，王金国，王成凯，杨伟林（黑龙江省苇河林业局林木种子园）（兴隆林业局）伊藤厚丝叶蜂是危害落叶松针叶的一种新害虫。１９８５年８月中旬在黑龙江省苇河林业局冲河经营林场发现，１９８６年７月经中国林业科学院昆虫室的叶蜂研究...     

甘肃叶蜂种类调查及分类研究 Ⅲ.锤角叶蜂科属种名录

整理采自甘肃膜翅目锤角叶蜂科标本总计64号,经鉴定分为6属16种。其中,细锤角叶蜂属7种,丽锤角叶蜂属2种,丑锤角叶蜂属3种,童锤角叶蜂属2种,唇锤角叶蜂属1种,毛锤角叶蜂属1种;包括1新属:唇锤角叶蜂属,4新种:辛氏细锤角叶蜂、中华童锤角叶蜂、多毛唇锤角叶蜂、甘肃毛锤角叶蜂,1中国新记录种:多环细锤角叶蜂,9甘肃新记录种和2已知种。     

介绍两种新森林害虫

本文介绍两种新森林害虫，其一，海南木莲枝角叶蜂ＣｌａｄｉｕｃｈａｍａｎｇｌｉｅｔｉａｅＸｉａｏ在海南省尖蜂岭危害海南木莲ＭａｎｇｌｉｅｔｉａｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＤａｎｄｙ，另一，厚朴枝角叶蜂ＣｌａｄｉｕｃｈａｍａｇｎｏｌｉａｅＸｉａｏ在四川省开县危害厚朴ＭａｇｎｏｌｉａｏｆｆｉｃｉｎａｌｉｓＲｅｈｄ．ｅｔ．Ｗｉｌｓ．两种害虫均属膜翅目，叶蜂科，粗角叶蜂亚科，英文稿件于１９９４年发表于北京林业大学     

鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育期幼虫空间分布型及抽样技术研究

鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育期幼虫空间分布型及抽样技术研究＊郑永祥崔相富吴道圣杨胜利陈绘画关键词鞭角华扁叶蜂、滞育期幼虫、空间分布、抽样技术鞭角华扁叶蜂［Ｃｈｉｎｏｌｙｄａｆｌａｇｅｌｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ（Ｆ．Ｓｍｉｔｈ）］属膜翅目（Ｈｙｍｅｎｏｐｔｅｒａ）、扁叶蜂科...     

落叶松丝角叶蜂的生活习性及防治

１９９０年以来,落叶松丝角叶蜂在山西省太行山林局为害落叶松林,以幼虫取食当年嫩叶。该虫一年发生一代。６月下旬老熟幼虫吐丝下垂在枯枝落叶层内结茧越冬。翌年４月下旬开始化蛹,５月上旬至６月上旬陆续羽化,５月中下旬为产卵盛期,５月下旬至６月上旬为卵孵化盛期,防治试验结果表明,６月上旬,以林丹喷粉,幼虫死亡率可达９５％以上,见效快,且经济。     

河曲丝叶蜂的防治方法

简述了河曲丝叶蜂的形态特征和生物学特性,提出了防治河曲丝叶蜂方法。     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.     

Growth and Terminal Bud Formation in Picea abies Seedlings Grown with Alternating Diurnal Temperature and Different Light Qualities

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.     

CAD与建筑设计的关系

本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。     

Natural Regeneration in Clear-cuts: Effects of Scarification,Slash Removal and Clear-cut Age

The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided.     

Risk Perception Among Non-industrial Private Forest Owners

Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken.