光学相干断层扫描仪和海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪用于检测视盘参数的比较观察

目的探讨3D-OCT、HRT II在视盘参数检查方面的一致性及其优、缺点。方法对28名（56只眼）参加眼部体检学生的视盘进行OCT 3D扫描和HRT II检查,对比两者的检查数据并分析其差异。结果 OCT测得的视盘、视杯、2盘缘面积分别为（2.30±0.41）、（0.51±0.36）、（1.73±0.28）mm,HRT II测得的视盘、视杯、盘缘面积分别为（2.04±20.48）、（0.45±0.29）、（1.58±0.29）mm,两者比较差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）。OCT和HRT II测得杯盘面积比和线性比差异无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。结论 OCT和HRT II对视盘外界和内界定义的方式不同,导致OCT测得的视盘、视杯及盘缘面积大于HRT II检测的结果。     

光学相干断层扫描仪和房角镜在判断房角关闭中的比较

目的比较光学相干断层扫描仪和房角镜判断房角关闭情况。方法对26例30只原发性闭角型青光眼分别用Topcon 3D 1000 OCT ver2及房角镜检查,统计两种方法检测房角关闭与开放的眼数。结果两者在判断房角关闭方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;两者吻合度高（k=0.762,P〈0.05）。结论光学相干光断层扫描仪在检查房角关闭方面与房角镜检测结果的一致性好,在临床诊断房角关闭及指导原发性闭角型青光眼的治疗具有重要意义。     

松材线虫携带细菌的光镜观察与数量测定

首次用改进的染色方法对松材线虫携带的细菌进行了光镜观察，表明细菌存在于松材线虫的体表及线虫生活的环境中；同时采用平板计数法统计了线虫虫体上携带的细菌数量，平均每头线虫为170-280个细菌。这进一步证实了松树的萎蔫是由松材线虫及其携带的细菌造成的。     

Activation of endothelial cell protease activated receptor 1 by the protein C pathway

The coagulant and inflammatory exacerbation in sepsis is counterbalanced by the protective protein C (PC) pathway. Activated PC (APC) was shown to use the endothelial cell PC receptor (EPCR) as a coreceptor for cleavage of protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) on endothelial cells. Gene profiling demonstrated that PAR1 signaling could account for all APC-induced protective genes, including the immunomodulatory monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which was selectively induced by activation of PAR1, but not PAR2. Thus, the prototypical thrombin receptor is the target for EPCR-dependent APC signaling, suggesting a role for this receptor cascade in protection from sepsis.     

OECD与WTO农业支持政策衡量的比较及应用

在阐述农业支持政策衡量必要性的基础上，详细比较了经济合作与发展组织（OECD）、WTO农业支持政策衡量方法在政策分类、计算方法、覆盖范围、评价性能等方面的差异，并指出两种方法在我国应用时应注意的问题．     

Disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers by fibrinogen fragment D

Fibrinogen fragment D, which is heterogeneous, has several important biological functions. Human fibrinogen fragments D94 (molecular weight, 94,000), D78 (78,000), and E (52,000) were purified. Fragments D78 and D94 but not purified fibrinogen or fragment E specifically caused disorganization of bovine aortic endothelial cells cultured as monolayers. Within 2 hours of exposure to pathophysiological concentrations of fragment D, the confluent endothelial cells retracted from each other and projected pseudopodia. These disturbed cells subsequently became rounded and detached from the substrate. The actin present in stress fibers in stationary monolayer cells was diffusely redistributed in cells with fragment D-induced alterations in morphology. This effect was not observed in monolayers of kidney epithelial cells. The results demonstrate a specific effect of fibrinogen fragment D on the disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers and suggest that fragment D plays a role in the pathogenesis of syndromes with vascular endothelial damage.     

松材线虫体壁物的厚度和糖含量比较

为进一步弄清松材线虫的致病机理,该文对松树上分离的松材线虫、拟松材线虫和小杆线虫的体壁物进行了初步研究。 通过电镜观察和可溶性糖含量分析,发现松材线虫体表有一层很厚的物质,而拟松材线虫和小杆线虫体表比较光滑;松材线虫比其他两种线虫体表有更多的糖类物质。研究同时提出,松材线虫和拟松材线虫体表物质的厚度和糖含量,可能与二者的致病性有密切关系。      

Synthesis and measurement of ultrafast waveforms from five discrete optical harmonics

Achieving the control of light fields in a manner similar in sophistication to the control of electromagnetic fields in the microwave and radiofrequency regimes has been a major challenge in optical physics research. We manipulated the phase and amplitude of five discrete harmonics spanning the blue to mid-infrared frequencies to produce instantaneous optical fields in the shape of square, sawtooth, and subcycle sine and cosine pulses at a repetition rate of 125 terahertz. Furthermore, we developed an all-optical shaper-assisted linear cross-correlation technique to retrieve these fields and thereby verified their shapes and confirmed the critical role of carrier-envelope phase in Fourier synthesis of optical waveforms.     

单板层积材的三维光学检测及其托盘的有限元仿真分析

目的单板层积材应用广泛,但其性能测试多采用破坏性实验方法,存在检测效率低且会造成资源浪费的不足。本研究对一种新型层积板材及其制得的托盘进行无损检测,旨在为木质层积材及制品性能的高效、精确检测提供理论参考和技术支撑。方法将三维光学检测法与有限元仿真分析相结合,首先采用数字散斑法测量并计算获得新型层积板材的弹性常数（包括弹性模量,泊松比,剪切模量）;然后导入有限元仿真分析中,分别选取layer单元和solid 185单元对板材模型进行网格划分和静力模拟,优化其仿真模拟参数;参照国际标准ISO 8611—2011 对新型层积板材托盘性能进行检测,利用Solidworks建立及装配托盘模型,在ANSYS workbench软件中对托盘整体结构进行整体抗压、底板抗压、面板抗压和角跌落等仿真模拟,并与实验测试结果进行对比分析。结果三维光学法获得的弹性参数可以应用于新型层积板材及其制品的有限元仿真分析中,ANSYS有限元仿真结果可靠;将新型层积材作为整体结构,选用solid 185单元的仿真模拟结果与实际测试情况最为接近;新型层积材托盘静力仿真分析中托盘的最大变形与实验结果相近,4种工况仿真分析结果与实测结果相同。结论三维光学检测法结合有限元仿真分析可以对木质层积材及其制品的受力、变形和破坏情况进行无损检测,可达到高效和节能的目的。      

基于可见光波段成像的水果品质检测方法研究进展

水果的外观特征是水果品质鉴定和分级的关键依据.近年来,机器视觉技术在水果品质检测领域得到广泛应用.根据应用现状,文章对基于可见光波段成像的机器视觉技术在水果大小形状、颜色、虫害及缺陷检测等方面的应用研究进展进行了综述,并对一些较新的先进算法在该领域的应用情况和发展趋势进行了介绍.