番木瓜体胚发生及植株再生研究

研究了外植体类型及培养基的不同激素配比等因素对番木瓜愈伤组织诱导和体胚发生的影响。结果表明,番木瓜的子叶和幼胚两种不同的外植体均能诱导愈伤组织、体胚发生和实现植株再生,但在愈伤组织诱导上存在差异,在MS+2,4-D1.00mg/L+BA0.30mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L培养基上诱导的愈伤组织较好。添加一定浓度的硫酸腺嘌呤(ADS)、水解酪蛋白(CH)可以促进番木瓜体胚发生,在生根培养基上生根后,可移栽成活。     

番木瓜内生细菌MG-Y2的鉴定及其生防作用

为筛选具有防病作用的植物内生菌,采用组织分离法和稀释分离法,分离番木瓜果皮中的内生细菌,得到103个菌株。采用培养基平板抑菌圈测定法从这些菌株中筛选到1株具有拮抗活性的细菌MG-Y2,对番木瓜疫霉病菌(Phytophthora nicotianae)、番木瓜炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)等8种病原菌有较强的拮抗作用。通过对其形态特征和生理生化特性测定以及16SrDNA部分序列同源性分析,鉴定该细菌为恶臭假单胞菌生物变种Ⅰ(Psudomonas putida biovarⅠ)。采用喷雾接种处理,MG-Y2可进入番木瓜叶片、叶柄、果皮和果肉中定殖。进行番木瓜果实采后防病试验,MG-Y2对采后番木瓜疫病和炭疽病的防治效果分别达到88.8%和57.4%。试验结果显示MG-Y2具有潜在的生防应用价值。     

两性株番木瓜愈伤组织分化初探

以番木瓜两性株的愈伤组织为材料,以MS为基本培养基,研究了不同植物生长调节剂及组合对愈伤组织诱导不定芽和无菌芽诱导生根的影响。结果表明,6-BA和TDZ对番木瓜愈伤组织分化都有一定的诱导作用,而6-BA的作用优于TDZ,最适浓度0.05mg/L。GA3具有促进6-BA诱导愈伤组织分化的作用,诱导番木瓜愈伤组织分化出芽的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+GA31.0mg/L。相对NAA而言,IBA更适于诱导不定芽生根,生根培养基以MS+IBA 0.3mg/L为宜。     

番木瓜茎尖的玻璃化法超低温保存及其植株再生

 研究了番木瓜( Carica papaya L. ) 茎尖玻璃化法超低温保存的一些影响因素。结果表明: 无菌试管苗在MS + BA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 0.1 mg/L + GA₃ 1.0 mg/L 的培养基上生长较好。番木瓜茎尖超低温保存较佳体系是: 3～5 cm的茎尖在含有5 %二甲基亚砜(DMSO) 培养基上预培养3 d , 解剖镜下剥取含1～2 个叶原基的茎尖(1.5～2.5 mm长) , 先在室温下于60 %的玻璃化溶液(PVS2) 中装载40～50 min , 再用PVS2于0 ℃下处理30 min , 换1 次PVS2 溶液后迅速投入液氮。保存24 h 后, 在40 ℃水浴中化冻, 用1.2 mol/L 的蔗糖培养液洗涤两次, 转入继代培养基上再培养, 成活率和再生率分别达53.7 %和52.6 %。再生植株生根后可移栽成活。     

番木瓜的保健药用与庭院栽培要点

番木瓜 (CaricaPapayaL .)又称木瓜、乳瓜、万寿果等 ,为番木瓜科 (Caricaceae)番木瓜属 (CaricaL .)多年生常绿乔本植物 ,原产于热带美洲[1] 。我国引入番木瓜栽培已有 30 0多年历史。《岭南杂记》对其植物学形态、结果习性、栽培方法和保健药用早有记载。目前 ,我国番木瓜主要分布在广东、广西、福建、云南及台湾等省区 ,其中以广东、福建、台湾出产的较好。番木瓜营养丰富、药食兼用 ,本文主要针对番木瓜的营养价值、保健药用及庭院栽培要点作一介绍。1　果实性状番木瓜果实梨形或长椭圆形 ,表面光滑 ;嫩时为青黄色 ,成熟后为橙黄色 ,…     

番木瓜胚性细胞悬浮系高效遗传转化体系的建立

【目的】建立番木瓜高效遗传转化体系，为番木瓜基因功能研究和重要农艺性状改良提供新的技术支撑。【方法】以紫晖番木瓜胚性细胞悬浮系（embryogenic cell suspensions,ECS）为遗传转化受体，利用植物表达载体pCAMBIA1301和农杆菌介导法进行遗传转化，对抗生素浓度筛选、侵染时间、继代培养、抗性胚的诱导与萌发以及植株再生整个过程进行探索，最后获得抗性再生植株。【结果】通过设置不同浓度的头孢霉素和潮霉素处理，观察ECS细胞状态，筛选、确定头孢霉素和潮霉素最适处理质量浓度分别为200 mg·L-1和5 mg·L-1。工程菌和ECS共培养侵染2 d后转到含有头孢霉素和潮霉素的液体筛选培养基上进行继代培养，继代周期为14 d。经GUS染色验证，表明继代3次后的ECS几乎全部为转化细胞。将以上ECS转移到液体胚诱导培养基中进行培养，2个月后可获得大量球形体细胞胚，且GUS组织染色为蓝色。将球形体细胞胚转到半固体成熟培养基上培养，2个月后可获得成熟子叶期体细胞胚。子叶期体细胞胚在萌发培养基上光培养30 d后，可获得再生芽。任意选取再生芽进行GUS染色，均可染成蓝色。抗性再生芽...     

番木瓜组培苗生根培养基及移栽基质的筛选

研究了不同植物生长调节剂的不同浓度与基本培养基配比对红妃番木瓜Carica papaya L.组培苗增殖芽生根及生长的影响,筛选出最适的增殖芽生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.3 mg/L.对该培养基诱导生根的组培苗在不同移栽基质中的成活率及根生长情况进行了比较,结果表明,以蛭石、泥炭、河沙+泥炭及蛭石+泥炭(体积比均为1∶1)为基质的幼苗成活率在87%以上,均比以河沙为基质高,蛭石中根生长最佳.     

河北地区番木瓜栽培技术

<正>1番木瓜对环境的要求北方地区种植番木瓜需要保护地栽培,需要在冬季不低于12℃向阳的日光温室大棚内越冬,番木瓜适宜的生长温度为15~35℃,一般扣棚时间为10月中下旬,撤棚时间在5月初。温度过高或者过低应适时开闭放风口来调节棚内温度,以保证番木瓜适宜生长的温度。     

番木瓜试管苗嫁接技术与移栽管理

随着生物工程技术的发展和应用范围的扩大，组织培养技术不仅用于苗木的快速繁殖、人工种子的培育、抗病毒转基因植物的研究等，也用于稳定植株的株性。广州市果树科学研究所通过组织培养技术已成功获得株性一致的番木瓜，受到市场欢迎。用这种方法培育的番木瓜产量高、品质优、结果早，能保持母树的优良性状，已开始应用在番木瓜栽培上。组织培养常规步骤需将分化的试管苗转入生根培养基，出根后经过炼苗再移栽。     

惠州优质高产番木瓜的栽培技术研究

文章研究和总结在惠州引种优质高产的番木瓜的经验:番木瓜生产过程中选用早结、丰产、优质、抗病毒病强的优良品种是前题,培育壮苗是基础,早结丰产栽培技术是关键;番木瓜1年生栽培方式有利于避开冬季霜冻危害,同时,能最大限度地减轻特别是番木瓜环斑病毒病的发生,降低防治成本.     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

Influence of Sini decoction on the proliferation and apoptosis of artery smooth muscle cells after balloon injury

AIM: To investigate the influence of Sini decoction (SND) on the proliferation and apoptosis of rabbit abdominal aorta smooth muscle cells after ballon injury and discuss the effect of vascular smooth muscle cell's (VSMCs) proliferation and apoptosis in post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) restenosis (RS) and the feasibility of SND preventing post-PCI RS. METHODS: The animal model of rabbit abdominal aorta ballon injury was set up and the therapertic group was treated with SND. The shape of proliferative and apoptotic cell were investigated by electron microscope. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed using α-actin,PCNA and Cyclin E monoclonal antibodies. In situ Cell Death Detection Kit was used to identify apoptotic cells. Abdomial aorta angiography was operated in the 84th day subgroup and the stenosis degree was evalued by quantitative angiographic analysis. RESULTS: As compared with the control group, the therapeutic group displayed a lower proliferative percentage and a higher apoptosic percentage (P<0.05). Moreover, the apoptosic peek time was on the 14th day after operation,which was longer than the control group. CONCLUSION: SND effectly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs and iuduced apoptosis in VSMCs.