猪瘟、猪O型口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗不同免疫方法试验

为掌握不同厂家生产的猪瘟疫苗、猪O型口蹄疫疫苗和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗按说明剂量使用的免疫效果,找出适应当前生产中3种疫苗两两组合和3种同时分点注射的免疫方法,进行了不同方法免疫试验。结果表明,3种疫苗两两组合同时分点肌肉注射,互不干扰;3种疫苗同时分点肌肉注射,互不干扰,且可以促进高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗的免疫效果,但个别猪会出现体温升高、拒食等反应。     

猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验初探

目的探讨猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗的免疫效果。方法分别采用不同时间段免疫接种和同时分点免疫接种进行免疫试验。结果免疫副反应的发生率为1.00%,猪瘟病毒的合格率为91.00%。结论猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗在利用上述两种方式注射时安全有效值得推广。     

猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪蓝耳病疫苗最佳免疫方法研究

为探索生猪重大疫病的科学免疫方法,确定最佳免疫程序,笔者设计并开展了口蹄疫（FMD）合成肽苗（或灭活苗）、猪瘟（HC）脾淋苗、高致病性蓝耳病弱毒疫苗（或灭活苗）的不同组合注射、单独注射、不同疫苗类型注射的试验研究.结果表明：3种疫苗不同组合注射或单独注射,以及使用不同类型疫苗注射,其免疫副反应均无明显差异;平均免疫抗体效价及群体合格率各组间存有差异;采用猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪蓝耳病3种疫苗同时分点注射,以及仔猪首免口蹄疫、猪蓝耳苗,再免疫口蹄疫、猪瘟苗的免疫效果最佳.     

猪瘟猪O型口蹄疫高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫试验报告

为了评价猪瘟、口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫效果,采用猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗对33～50日龄健康仔猪同时分点注射进行联合免疫,用正向间接血凝试验和ELISA试验检测其免疫效果。结果表明,3种疫苗联合免疫具有较高安全性,猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗(浓缩)和高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗同时分点注射,对猪瘟脾淋苗和猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗免疫效果无明显的免疫抑制或干扰作用,但对高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗免疫效果有显著的抑制或干扰作用。猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗可进行联合免疫,但高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活疫苗应单独免疫。     

猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验初探

为推广猪瘟、猪口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病3种疫苗有效免疫,在前期开展"猪瘟疫苗(脾淋源)、猪O型口蹄疫疫苗和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验"确定新的免疫程序基础上进行扩大试验,进一步验证猪瘟疫苗1头份免疫剂量足以产生可靠的免疫保护;先免疫接种猪瘟疫苗,1周后免疫接种口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗,二者有明显的协同促进作用,适宜在农村散户中使用;3种疫苗同时分点注射,相互之间干扰较大,猪瘟病毒抗体产生时间推迟,不宜推广使用。     

猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病三种疫苗不同组合同时分点免疫效果观察与分析

本文探讨了猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病三种疫苗不同组合分点免疫的效果。将生猪随机分为A、B、C、D、E组,每组生猪60头。每组试验对象采用不同的疫苗接种方法,然后观察副反应发生率和抗体合格率。结果表明:C组试验结果猪口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体符合国家标准,且没有明显副反应。先接种口蹄疫疫苗,在第7天同时进行分点接种高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗和猪瘟疫苗,该免疫程序具有免疫效率高、效果好、副反应低的特点,是免疫工作中的首选方案。     

猪瘟、猪O型口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫效果评价

采用猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗（或灭活苗）和高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗同时分点注射。对40—50日龄健康仔猪进行联合免疫,观察其免疫反应,并经正向间接血凝和ELISA试验评价其免疫效果。结果发现：三种疫苗联合免疫,临床上未发现严重的免疫反应,对猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗的免疫效果无明显的干扰或抑制作用,对高致病性猪蓝耳病和猪O型口蹄疫灭活苗免疫效果有显著的干扰或抑制作用。研究表明：三种疫苗联合免疫具有较高安全性,猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗可进行联合免疫,但高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活疫苗、猪O型口蹄疫灭活苗应单独使用。     

猪病免疫注射安全试验

为了确实掌握猪口蹄疫疫苗、猪瘟疫苗、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗、猪肺疫疫苗、猪丹毒疫苗、仔猪副伤寒疫苗等免疫效果,分别选多种疫苗在同一猪体、同一时间、不同部位分点注射,观察是否出现免疫效果和安全隐患,为重大动物疫病综合防制和免疫抗体检测工作提供科学依据。     

猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病三种疫苗不同组合同时分点免疫效果观察与分析

为探索科学免疫接种方法,确定合理有效的免疫程序。以减少生猪的疫苗接种次数及应激反应,我们设计了相关试验,以验证多重免疫同时进行的可行性。试验利用猪口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病及猪瘟三种疫苗同时分点免疫及两两组合同时分点免疫,经过对各组免疫后副反应观察和不同时期抗体水平测定,得到以下结论:1、三种疫苗任意组合注射均不会增加免疫副反应。2、各组平均免疫抗体效价及群体合格率在一定时期均能达到国家规定的合格标准,但各组间相较免疫效力及免疫持续期均存有差异;3、通过分析比较采用猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病三种疫苗同时分点注苗组与三种疫苗间隔免疫组的免疫效果最佳。     

不同免疫方式对仔猪免疫高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟、猪口蹄疫三种疫苗抗体水平的影响

采用不同的免疫方式,对38头36~38日龄健康仔猪进行高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟、猪口蹄疫3种疫苗进行免疫,分别于免疫前（0 d）和免疫后15、30、45、60、90 d采血进行这3种疫病抗体检测。结果发现效果最好的方法是先免疫猪瘟和口蹄疫疫苗14 d后再免疫高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫苗;其次是猪瘟疫苗和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫苗分别释稀后混合为1针,口蹄疫疫苗另作1针同时分点注射;免疫效果最差的是高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟、猪口蹄疫3种疫苗同时分3点注射。     

电感耦合等离子-质谱法测定饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅

应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。     

Supplementation of broodmares with copper, zinc, iron, manganese, cobalt, iodine, and selenium

In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum.     

Comparisons of Angus, Charolais, Galloway, Hereford, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, Salers, and Shorthorn breeds for weight, weight adjusted for condition score, height, and condition score of cows

Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物尿液中11种β-受体激动剂残留量的不确定度评估

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物尿液中11种β-受体激动剂残留量,对标准溶液、体积、质谱峰面积、浓缩过程及回收率等测定不确定度因素进行了分析,通过评定各不确定度分量及标准不确定度,得出11种β-受体激动剂的扩展不确定度在0.7 ～ 1.1 ng/mL范围内.由各因素对合成不确定度的贡献比分析可知,影响较大的因素为试验回收率及标准溶液浓度.     

Granulocyte isolation from whole blood of goat, sheep, cattle, horse, dog, pig, and man

A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays.