Prolactin: evidence that it is separate from growth hormone in human blood

A highly sensitive bioassay has been developed for prolactin, which uses a mammalian end organ and which is capable of measuring the hormone in unextracted human plasma. High prolactin activity, largely neutralizable with antiserum to human growth hormone, is stimulated along with high immunoassayable growth hormone by insulin-induced hypoglycemia. High prolactin activity, not neutralizable with antiserum to growth hormone, exists with low concentrations of plasma growth hormone in postpartum patients and patients with galactorrhea.     

Inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in the rat by immunoneutralization of corticotropin-releasing factor

Intravenous administration of rabbit antiserum to ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) markedly reduced the CRF-induced rise of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in intact nonstressed adult male rats while blocking more than 75 percent of the ACTH release observed in rats exposed to ether stress. Furthermore, antiserum to CRF significantly lowered ACTH levels in adrenalectomized animals. These results suggest that endogenous CRF plays a physiological role in regulating ACTH secretion.     

Immunoelectrophoresis reveals collagen solubility in human serum

A fraction of humanserum proteins which contains hydroxyproline migrates, on electrophoresis, with the alpha(2)-beta-globulins. Immunoelectrophoresis with rabbit antiserum to soluble human collagen reveals an immunologically collagen-like protein in the human serum.     

2 types of lambda polypeptide chains in human immunoglobulins

Two antigenic subtypes of human lambda polypeptide chains were distinguished by rabbit antiserum produced to a lambda Bence Jones protein. Lambda Bence Jones proteins and G myeloma proteins with lambda light chains were identified as being in one or the other subtype. The Oz (+) lambda chain subtype is present in light chains from pooled normal human immunoglobulin G and in whole normal immunoglobulin G molecules.     

Harpinxoo多克隆抗体制备、鉴定与应用

 以纯化harpin蛋白为抗原免疫新西兰白兔，制备兔抗Harpin蛋白的多克隆抗体，经ELISA法测定抗体效价为1：2000，经亲和层析纯化，Western blot分析制备抗体与原核细胞体外表达的harpin蛋白可以特异性结合，表明该抗体的特异性良好。应用该抗体验证harpin编码基因在转基因水稻中在翻译水平的正常表达。因此，兔抗harpin抗体的成功制备，为进一步深入研究harpin的生物学功能、细胞定位以及在其他植物中的表达等奠定基础。     

Amino acid content of rabbit acrosomal proteinase and its similarity to human trypsin

Rabbit acrosomal proteinase from epididymal spermatozoa of 44 male rabbits was purified by subcellular fractionation, sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and electrofocusing; the specific activity of the purified product was 20,047 units per milligram, a value similar to that observed for pancreatic trypsins from various sources. The molecular weight determined from the amino acid analyses and ultracentrifugation was about 22,000. This rabbit acrosomal proteinase showed great similarity to pancreatic trypsin, especially to human pancreatic trypsin, both in the number of individual amino acids and in the total number of residues. This similarity was confirmed by an antigenic cross reaction between rabbit antiserum to bovine pancreatic trypsin with human, rabbit, rhesus monkey, and bull acrosotnal proteinase.     

Autocrine or paracrine inflammatory actions of corticotropin-releasing hormone in vivo

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) functions as a regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and coordinator of the stress response. CRH receptors exist in peripheral sites of the immune system, and CRH promotes several immune functions in vitro. The effect of systemic immunoneutralization of CRH was tested in an experimental model of chemically induced aseptic inflammation in rats. Intraperitoneal administration of rabbit antiserum to CRH caused suppression of both inflammatory exudate volume and cell concentration by approximately 50 to 60 percent. CRH was detected in the inflamed area but not in the systemic circulation. Immunoreactive CRH is therefore produced in peripheral inflammatory sites where, in contrast to its systemic indirect immunosuppressive effects, it acts as an autocrine or paracrine inflammatory cytokine.     

Aggregation of HL-A Antigens at the Lymphocyte Surface Induced by Antiserum to beta2-Microglobulin

Rabbit antiserum to human beta(2)-microglobulin followed by goat antiserum to rabbit immunoglobulin induces aggregation of beta(2)-microglobulin at the lymphocyte surface, as shown by immunofluorescence and by acquisition of resistance to lysis by complement. This treatment also affects all HL-A antigens of the cell, which cap together with beta(2)-microglobulin, so that the cell becomes resistant to lysis upon addition of antibodies to HL-A in the presence of complement. These findings suggest that a physical linkage exists between these two classes of polypeptides at the surface of the living cell and is in agreement with recent biochemical data obtained by others with cell membrane preparations.     

Cellular origin of hyaluronateprotein in human synovial membrane

Bright fluorescent staining, which indicates the presence of hyaluronateprotein, was observed in the lining cells of the synovial membrane following application of rabbit antiserum to hyaluronateprotein and a fluorescein-labeled antiserum to rabbit gamma-globulin. Staining was shown to be specific and due to antigenic determinants on or closely associated with the protein moiety of hyaluronateprotein.     

Measurement of precipitin reactions in the millimicrogram protein-nitrogen range

Exploitation of newer instrumentation and a dye-binding method for protein measurement made possible reduction in volume down to 1/1000 that commonly used, with no greater error. The procedure was tested at two levels, 1- and 10-microl volumes, with human gamma globulin and rabbit antiserum. Of the dyes tested, bromsulfalein proved best for the protein estimation.     

Growth hormone-releasing factor: direct effects on growth hormone, glucose, and behavior via the brain

Intracerebroventricular administration of human pancreatic growth hormone-releasing factor caused a dose-dependent inhibition of growth hormone secretion, elevated plasma glucose concentrations, and produced marked behavioral and motor effects. Immunoneutralization with antiserum to somatostatin did not reverse the suppression of growth hormone. These findings suggest that hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing factor may regulate its own neurosecretion through an "ultrashort-loop" negative feedback mechanism and may have important neurotransmitter and neuromodulatory functions in the brain.     

纳豆激酶分离纯化及其兔抗血清的制备

为分离纯化纳豆激酶,使用纳豆激酶粗制液经硫酸铵分级盐析、Sephodex G100和CM-Sephrose-6B FF层析等步骤纯化,经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测。以纯化的纳豆激酶作为抗原,结合福氏佐剂,采用多次多点肌肉注射法对兔进行免疫,以琼脂免疫双向扩散法检测效价。试验结果表明,纳豆激酶粗制液经纯化后,得纯酶样品,酶被纯化了28.4倍,比活力为608.6 Uku.mg-1蛋白,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测为单一蛋白条带,纳豆激酶兔抗血清效价为1∶64。成功制备的兔抗纳豆激酶抗血清,为研究纳豆激酶的功能提供了物质基础。     

Immunoglobulin M allotypes of the rabbit: identification of a second specificity

Rabbit antiserums, originally prepared to react specifically with rabbit immunoglobulin allotypes Ab5 and Ab6, also react with some normal rabbit serums that clearly do not contain Ab5 or Ab6 allotypes. This reaction is due to antigenic specificity present on rabbit immunoglobulin M(IgM) and not on rabbit immunoglobulin G.Serums that contain this IgM allotype do not react with an antiserum that reacts with the known rabbit IgM allotype, Ms1. This specificity may therefore be identified as a second rabbit IgM allotype, Ms2.     

Detection of a gonadotropin in rabbit blastocyst before implantation

A gonadotropin similar to human chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone has been demonstrated in rabbit blastocyst prior to implantation. The gonadotropin has been detected by a radioreceptor assay for human chorionic gonadotropin with the use of the plasma membranes of bovine corpora lutea obtained during the first trimester of pregnancy. The concentrations of the human chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone per milliliter of blastocyst fluid were tenfold higher than those in the blood of pregnant rabbits on days 5 and 6 after mating.     

Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Antiharpin xoo Antibody

Polyclonal antiharpinxoo rabbit antibody has been prepared successfully using purified harpinxoo protein as an immunogen. The ELISA titer of the antiserum against harpinxoo was about 1：2 000. Western blot analysis showed that the antiserum could bind to the expression harpinxoo protein in particular, hrfl, encoding harpinxoo, is an expression in transgenic rice, detected by antiharpinxoo rabbit antibody. The rabbit antibody against harpinxoo can be used to study further about the biological function, harpinxoo localization, and hrfl gene expression in other plants.     

Immunohistochemical localization in the rat brain of the precursor for thyrotropin-releasing hormone

A rabbit antiserum to a peptide sequence present in the precursor for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (proTRH), deduced from cloned amphibian-skin complementary DNA, was raised by immunization with the synthetic decapeptide Cys-Lys-Arg-Gln-His-Pro-Gly-Lys-Arg-Cys (proTRH-SH). Immunohistochemical studies on rat brain tissue showed staining of neuronal perikarya in the parvicellular division of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the raphe complex of the medulla, identical to that already described for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Immunostaining was abolished by preincubation with proTRH-SH (10(-6)M) but not TRH (10(-5)M). Both TRH precursor and TRH were located in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus. However, in contrast to the findings for TRH, no staining was observed in axon terminals of the median eminence. These results suggest that a TRH precursor analogous to that reported in frog skin is present in the rat brain and that TRH in the mammalian central nervous system is a product of ribosomal biosynthesis.     

兔抗小麦钙调素抗血清的制备及其纯化

为制备兔抗小麦钙调素抗血清并对其进行纯化,首先从小麦叶片中提取钙调素蛋白,对其初步纯化后免疫家兔,制备得到兔抗小麦钙调素抗血清,再以大肠杆菌中诱导表达的拟南芥钙调素蛋白作为抗原,利用PVDF膜结合法纯化得到了兔抗小麦钙调素抗血清,并通过Western Blotting对所纯化的多克隆抗体进行了鉴定。     

Ornithine decarboxylase stimulation in rat ovary by luteinizing hormone

In normal albino rats with a 4-day estrous cycle, the activity of ovarian ornithine decarboxylase undergoes a transitory rise on the evening of proestrus and only at that time. The response could be elicited by the administration of either luteinizing hormone or human chorionic gonadotrophin. When antiserum to luteinizing hormone was injected at 2 p.m. on the day of proestrus, the induction of ornithine decarboxylase was blocked, an indication that the enzyme is under luteinizing hormone control. The strategic positioning of the induction of ornithine decarboxylase between the normal release of luteinizing hormone and ovulation impties that putrescine is associated with the ovulatory process, and opens a new avenue of research on the control of ovulation.     

提高畜禽生产力的新技术研究

综述了提高畜禽生产力的新技术.分别为:改变循环系统或组织中生长激素浓度;改变生长激素生物效能促进动物生长和泌乳;基因"敲除"技术和动物克隆技术.     

抗鹅IgY抗血清制备及在ELISA中的应用

为制备鹅免疫球蛋白特异性抗体,通过主动免疫兔子制备了抗鹅ＩｇＹ抗血清,并在ＥＬＩＳＡ中比较分析了该抗血清的应用效果．结果显示,将制备的抗鹅ＩｇＹ抗血清作为二抗,当抗原包被浓度（１６μｇ／ｍＬ）和血清（１∶１６００）、抗鹅ＩｇＹ抗血清（１∶５１２００）与酶标抗体（１∶２０００）稀释到合适浓度时,在ＥＬＩＳＡ检测鹅抗体水平中呈现出良好效果,其特异性和灵敏度明显好于以兔抗鸡ＩｇＹ作为替代二抗．结果表明所制备的抗鹅ＩｇＹ抗血清在鹅相关的酶联免疫研究方法中是合格和有效的．