蒽酮比色法测定油菜籽中硫代葡萄糖苷条件优化

采用蒽酮比色法测定油菜籽中的硫代葡萄糖苷含量。结果表明,蒽酮比色法测定硫代葡萄糖苷的最适宜的实验条件是水浴温度60℃,蒽酮试剂添加量9 mL,显色时间为20 min。在此条件下,测得油菜籽中硫代葡萄糖苷含量保持稳定,精确度较高,且与高效液相色谱法测定结果比较接近。     

12份引进油梨品种果实品质评价分析

引进油梨种质果实品质特征的分析与评价,是引进油梨品种筛选、利用及新品种选育的重要参考依据。本研究以12份引进油梨品种为试材,对果肉中可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白、粗脂肪和含水量等果实品质性状进行了测定分析。结果表明：不同油梨品种间果肉中可溶性糖、蛋白质和粗脂肪的含量存在较大差异,淀粉含量相对稳定;可溶性总糖含量在17.35～40.76 mg/g FW之间,‘迪普伊’和‘威尔逊无核’的可溶性总糖含量明显高于其他品种,果肉中葡萄糖含量明显高于果糖和蔗糖;淀粉含量在30.46～63.32 mg/g FW之间,‘西蒙兹’中含量最高;可溶性蛋白含量分布在在5.35～15.35 mg/g FW之间,‘西蒙兹’含量最高;出油率在1.33～7.33%之间,‘门罗’出油率最高。可见,油梨果肉中可溶性糖的积累模式是以葡萄糖为主,并含有少量果糖和蔗糖;与淀粉含量和相对含水量相比,可溶性糖、粗脂肪和可溶性蛋白的含量更宜作为油梨优质引种和新品种选育的评价指标。     

龙眼‘华农早’×荔枝‘紫娘喜’F1代果实可溶性糖含量测定与遗传分析

可溶性糖的种类和含量是决定果实品质和风味的重要因素之一。为探讨龙眼果实可溶性糖含量的遗传规律,以龙眼‘华农早’、荔枝‘紫娘喜’及其68株F1子代为试材,采用高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）技术,测定了该群体果实的可溶性糖组分与含量。结果表明,龙眼杂交后代果实的可溶性糖主要包括葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖,其中蔗糖含量最高,均值为67.66 mg/g,占总糖的51.79%;葡萄糖与果糖含量接近,分别占总糖的22.15%和24.82%。杂交群体的不同糖组分均表现为衰退变异,葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量广泛分离,变异系数分别为25.16%、22.15%和33.69%。蔗糖与单糖比值在0.48 ~ 3.05之间,蔗糖与总糖含量之间、总糖含量与甜度值之间均呈极显著正相关关系。     

蒽酮-硫酸比色法检测多糖条件的优化

本研究通过单因素实验和L9(33)正交实验优化蒽酮-硫酸比色法检测多糖含量的条件,研究反应温度、反应时间、蒽酮-硫酸液的体积对吸光度值的影响。结果表明,蒽酮-硫酸比色法检测的糖含量的最优条件为蒽酮-硫酸2 mL,于100℃反应10 min。验证实验结果表明,总标糖获得的标准曲线方程A=0.005W-0.0162,r=0.9998,优于葡萄糖标准曲线方程。在620 nm下测定,能得到较高的吸光度值,重现性好。     

氯化钯比色法测定油菜籽中硫代葡萄糖苷条件的筛选

为了测定油菜籽中的硫代葡萄糖苷(简称硫苷)含量,试验采用氯化钯比色法测定油菜籽中的硫苷含量。结果表明:采用氯化钯比色法测定的最佳条件为提取时间为40 min,显色时间为120 min,显色温度为24℃。     

结缕草的抗寒性与体内碳水化合物、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白季节动态变化的关系

为了阐述结缕草抗寒性与碳水化合物、脯氨酸含量及可溶性蛋白含量季节动态变化的关系,在2008年10月-2009年5月期间,以‘兰引3号’结缕草(Zoysia japonica ‘Lanyin No.3’)为材料,研究在自然温度变化过程中,‘兰引3号’结缕草地下根茎碳水化合物、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量的季节性动态变化及其与LT₅₀变化的关系。结果表明,在越冬前后,‘兰引3号’结缕草地下根茎LT₅₀呈先降低后升高的季节变化趋势,可溶性总糖含量、蔗糖含量、果糖含量及可溶性总糖/淀粉、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量伴随田间气温变化均呈先升高后又降低的趋势,淀粉含量则呈先降低后又升高的趋势;‘兰引3号’结缕草地下根茎LT₅₀季节变化与可溶性总糖含量、果糖含量、可溶性总糖/淀粉、可溶性蛋白含量季节变化之间显著负相关,而与蔗糖含量、淀粉含量、脯氨酸含量的季节变化间不存在显著的相关性。     

蒽酮比色法测定可溶性糖含量的试验方法改进

为了探索快速、有效地测定植物组织中可溶性糖含量的方法,试验采用蒽酮比色法对可能影响可溶性糖含量测定结果的几个因素进行研究。结果表明:完善前处理方法、简化试验步骤、注重试验细节上的处理技巧等可优化可溶性糖含量测定方法,该测定方法简单、经济、快捷、准确,特别适合大批量样品的测定。     

蒽酮-硫酸法测定酵母多糖的含量

用蒽酮-硫酸法测定多糖含量的方法被各种测糖的专著收载，而文献报道的酵母多糖含量的测定一般采用的都是苯酚显色法。作者旨在采用蒽酮 硫酸法测定酵母制品多糖的含量，为酵母多糖含量的测定提供一种新方法。结果，摸索出一套适合酵母多糖含量测定的蒽酮 硫酸比色法，采用本方法对酵母培养液进行测定，得到了准确的多糖含量，且本方法具有简单、易掌握、快速等优点，对生产上检测多糖含量具有实用价值。     

桑树组织总糖含量蒽酮比色法测定技巧

植物组织总糖含量测定方法很多,蒽酮比色法以其灵敏度高、可靠性强、误差小等特点,常作为定量测定的经典方法而被广泛采用,但该方法较难掌握.本文介绍了植物组织总糖含量蒽酮比色法的测定技巧.     

特早熟/早熟荔枝种质果实可溶性糖组分及含量分析

采用高效液相色谱法对8份特早熟/早熟荔枝种质果实中可溶性糖组分及含量进行测定。结果表明,特早熟/早熟荔枝果实的可溶性糖主要由果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖组成,其中蔗糖含量最高,占总糖比例的5.47%~62.34%。葡萄糖次之,果糖最低。果糖和葡萄糖在各种质间的变异相对稳定,为32.85%和38.73%;蔗糖变异较大,分别为61.11%。根据还原糖与蔗糖的比例,可将不同的特早熟/早熟荔枝种质分为蔗糖积累型和还原糖积累型。相关性分析结果显示,果实内各糖组分中还原糖与总糖呈正相关,蔗糖与总糖呈负相关;果糖和葡萄糖含量呈极显著正相关,果糖和蔗糖含量呈极显著负相关。因此,在评价特早熟/早熟荔枝果实中糖度风味要同时考虑果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.