牦牛泌乳期垂体组织比较转录组学分析

试验旨在了解不同产奶量牦牛泌乳期垂体组织间的转录组差异,为进一步阐述牦牛垂体组织调控泌乳的机制提供参考。提取牦牛垂体组织总RNA,并应用RNA-Seq技术对高产奶量牦牛和低产奶量牦牛泌乳期间垂体组织转录组进行高通量测序及分析。结果显示,通过比较分析高产奶量牦牛和低产奶量牦牛垂体组织转录组数据,筛选出114个差异表达基因,其中55个表现为上调,59个表现为下调。进一步功能分析表明,这些差异基因涉及多种GO分类及KEGG通路,其中GO分析显示,差异基因与许多和氨基酸代谢相关的生物学过程存在紧密关联;KEGG通路分析显示,最为富集的是细胞黏附分子通路,且金黄色葡萄球菌感染和利什曼病等大量与免疫或疾病相关的通路也出现显著富集。本研究对比了高产奶量牦牛和低产奶量牦牛泌乳期垂体组织转录组数据,筛选并分析了相关差异表达基因,为提高牦牛产奶量的研究提供新的思路。     

高羊茅光合作用与激素信号对低氮胁迫的转录组响应

养分胁迫直接影响高羊茅的生长发育,为研究高羊茅对低氮胁迫响应的分子机制,利用Illumina技术从高羊茅幼苗中获得了超过6000万个序列信息,拼接得到72666个unigenes并进行了分析。差异性分析显示,共检测到13112个响应低氮胁迫的基因,其中2346个上调基因,10766个下调基因。GO注释和KEGG显著性富集分析发现,差异基因主要富集在代谢过程、RNA转运、mRNA监测、次生代谢物的合成及胞吞作用通路中。在低氮胁迫下,光合作用相关基因被显著抑制,特别是捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白基因,这些基因的下调导致光合活性下降,有机质积累减少;植物激素相关基因大规模上调,表明氮信号与植物激素之间存在反馈调节。qRT-PCR分析表明,选出的差异表达基因与高通量测序结果基本一致。     

不同降温模式下高加索三叶草的转录组比较分析

为探讨高加索三叶草(Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.)对不同降温模式低温胁迫的响应机制,本试验以缓慢降温(Gradual cooling,GC)和骤然降温(Sudden cooling,SC)处理对其进行了胁迫处理.通过转录组测序,比较了2个低温处理组与常温对照组(CK)间的转录组差异,并筛选了抗寒相关...     

利用RNA-Seq技术筛选不同海拔地区山羊转录组SNP

动物和人类的高海拔环境适应性机制和作用途径一直是生物学、医学和疾病学等领域研究者热衷探讨的课题之一,而从转录组水平对于西藏绒山羊的高海拔环境适应性研究仍未开展.以处于不同海拔地区的西藏班戈绒山羊和辽宁绒山羊为研究对象,利用RNA-Seq(RNA sequencing)技术,对其转录组进行测序,共筛选出153654个班戈绒山羊品种内SNP位点,154815个辽宁绒山羊品种内SNP位点,以及5391个两品种间SNP位点,为从转录组水平对西藏班戈绒山羊高海拔环境适应性研究提供基础数据.     

绵羊不同妊娠时期卵巢转录组差异表达比较分析

[目的]探究随着绵羊体内胎儿的发育,母体卵巢转录组表达水平的变化。[方法]试验绵羊为苏格兰黑面羊和特克赛尔羊F₁代杂交品种,3个妊娠时间分别为妊娠23 d、妊娠35 d和妊娠100 d。从NCBI的高通量测序数据SRA存储库下载3个妊娠时期绵羊卵巢转录组的18个样本数据。使用Z-Score方法对转录组数据进行标准化处理。将妊娠23 d、妊娠35 d的绵羊卵巢组织进行比对,妊娠35 d、妊娠100 d的绵羊卵巢组织进行比对,使用R语言的limma包进行基因差异表达分析,筛选DEGs,以P-Value<0.05和|logFC|≥2作为筛选DEGs条件。利用DAVID在线软件对DEGs进行注释及功能富集分析,并以P-Value<0.05作为信号通路显著富集标志。[结果]在妊娠23 d与妊娠35 d组绵羊卵巢中筛选出54个DEGs,妊娠35 d与妊娠100 d组绵羊卵巢中筛选出68个DEGs,两组均包含HSP90AA1、HSP90AB1、MMP2和HSP90B1基因。妊娠23 d与35 d组绵羊卵巢的54个DEGs显著富集到包括内质网蛋白质加工信号通路、核糖体信号通路、雌激素信号通路、癌症蛋白聚糖信号通路、扩张型心肌病信号通路、肥厚型心肌病信号通路6条通路;妊娠35 d、妊娠100 d组绵羊卵巢的68个DEGs显著富集到包括癌症相关信号通路、黏着斑信号通路、抗原加工与提呈信号通路、细胞外基质受体相互作用信号通路、细菌侵袭上皮细胞信号通路、内质网蛋白质加工信号通路、核糖体信号通路、雌激素信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、癌症蛋白聚糖信号通路和前列腺癌信号通路11条通路。[结论]在妊娠期间雌激素信号通路上的HSP90AA1、HSP90AB1、MMP2和HSP90B1基因表达有很大变化,这些基因可能对绵羊妊娠维持有着重要的作用。     

不同泌乳期牦牛乳腺组织的转录组学分析

本文旨在探讨不同泌乳期内牦牛乳腺组织的转录组差异,筛选并分析有关的差异基因,为后续牦牛的泌乳及其相关调控机制的研究提供一定的参考资料.实验采集处于泌乳早期、泌乳中期及干奶期的牦牛乳腺组织并提取总RNA,用RNA-Seq对不同泌乳期的牦牛乳腺组织进行转录组测序并分析.结果显示,通过对转录组数据进行比较分析,共筛查出381...     

基于RNA-seq对猪瘟病毒感染宿主的转录组学研究进展

对转录组测序(RNA-seq)的技术特点及其发展进行概述,对该技术在猪瘟感染研究中的应用进行详细综述,并对其存在的问题及未来发展做了进一步展望,以期为猪瘟的相关研究提供参考。     

大熊猫粪便中微生物与寄生虫的宏转录组学分析

旨在探究大熊猫粪便中微生物组成以及耐药基因和寄生虫的真实情况。采集6只健康成年大熊猫的新鲜粪便,利用宏转录组学测序技术分析大熊猫粪便微生物组成及功能、耐药基因种类、丰度和寄生虫的组成,探讨优势细菌与耐药基因的相关性。结果表明,大熊猫粪便内微生物种类多样,包括细菌、真菌和病毒等,但以细菌为主。在门水平上,细菌类群中厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和变形菌门（Proteobacteria）为优势菌门,在真菌菌门中担子菌门（Basidiomycota）、子囊菌门（Ascomycota）和毛霉亚门（Mucoromycota）相对丰度较高,雌性和雄性大熊猫粪便菌群丰度没有显著性差异（P>0.05）。Unigenes功能分析表明,大熊猫粪便微生物的功能主要涉及碳水化合物、氨基酸代谢等过程。在大熊猫粪便中共检测出25大类、304种耐药基因,其中,外排泵类基因的种类最多、相对丰度最高。此外,在大熊猫粪便中共发现63属126种寄生虫,寄生虫种包括线虫、绦虫和吸虫,其中,线虫为优势虫种。通过相关性分析发现,链球菌属（Streptococcus）、埃希杆菌属（Escherichia）、肠球菌属（Enterococcus）、苏黎世杆菌属（Turicibacter）与外排泵类、喹诺酮类、四环素类、糖肽类、多肽类和磺胺类耐药基因呈显著正相关性（P<0.05）。本研究从宏转录组水平揭示了大熊猫粪便中微生物、耐药基因组成以及寄生虫种类,对大熊猫微生物相关疾病和寄生虫病防控具有重要意义。     

紫花苜蓿花青苷合成的转录组分析

为探究紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)花色形成的分子机制,本试验以紫花苜蓿及其白花突变体为研究材料,进行转录组测序.结果表明:紫花和白花之间共有差异表达基因4857个;代谢通路富集分析中,苯丙氨酸生物合成途径等6条代谢通路显著富集;研究还发现类黄酮合成通路中关键基因二氢黄酮醇4-还原酶(Dihydroflav...     

Comparative genomic analysis of growth hormone gene in geese

To explore the mutation characteristic of growth hormone (GH) gene in geese, all the exons and introns of the gene were amplified by 20 pairs of primers, and then single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and subsequently confirmed by sequencing. There were six SNPs per 1000 nucleotides in exons compared to two SNPs per 1000 nucleotides in intron regions. The variant in exons contained only one non‐synonymous mutation and three synonymous mutations. The results show that its sequence identity with chicken and duck were 77.54% and 92.38%, respectively, which may be concluded that the GH gene was highly conservative in phylogenesis, although there were differences between waterfowls and chicken in their evolution process.     

莱茵鹅15项血清生化指标的测定及分析

为了更有效地保护和利用莱茵鹅的优良基因,对北方种鹅场和双鸭山种鹅场的莱茵鹅血清进行了15项生化指标的测定及分析。结果表明:北方种鹅场和双鸭山种鹅场莱茵鹅血清三酰甘油、肌酐、直接胆红素、氯、镁、尿素氮、白蛋白和钙等血清生化指标之间的差异达到了极显著水平(P<0.01);血清总蛋白和总胆红素之间的差异达到了显著水平(P<0.05);而葡萄糖、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇、无机磷和尿酸含量之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。研究还初步建立了莱茵鹅15项血清生化指标的参考值及参考范围。     

Comparative proteomic analysis of hypothalamus tissue from Huoyan geese between pre‐laying period and laying period using an iTRAQ‐based approach

The hypothalamus plays a central role in controlling poultry endocrine and reproductive activities. So far there is limited information focused on the proteome profiles of the hypothalamus from geese during different stages of the egg‐laying cycle. In order to identify proteins regulating the egg‐laying process of Huoyan geese, we investigated the proteome profiles of the hypothalamus from Huoyan geese during the laying period and pre‐laying period by applying an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‐based proteomic technology. A total number of 3,337 were identified and quantified, of which 18 were significantly up‐regulated and 16 were significantly down‐regulated. These differentially expressed proteins were subjected to bioinformatics analyses based on the Gene Ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway. Some of these were revealed to be involved in hormone and neurotransmitter secretion, exocytosis, calcium ion transport and synaptic transmission. Subsequently, excitatory amino acid transporter 2, complexin‐1 and inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor, type 3 were confirmed at the messenger RNA level using quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR. Then, the abundance change of these proteins was verified further using Western blotting analysis. These data may aid in elucidating the molecular mechanism of higher laying performance in Huoyan geese.     

不同日粮对鹅生长性能及部分激素含量的影响

本试验选取相同日龄的3周龄扬州鹅216只,随机分成6组,每组36只,公母各半,饲喂营养水平基本一致的日粮,研究不同日粮对鹅生长性能及部分激素含量的影响,结果表明:(1)不同日粮组鹅的体重在第4、9、10周龄虽存在一定差异,但差异不显著(P>0.05),在第5、6、7周龄时,部分组之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)或极显著差异(P<0.01);(2)不同日粮对鹅的胸宽、胸深、胸骨长等影响较小,但对体斜长、胫长及部分组织器官的生长有一定影响;(3)随着日粮中苜蓿、黑麦草和小麦麸含量的增加,T3浓度不断升高,当含量超过18%后T3浓度逐渐下降,T3/T4比值的变化与T3浓度的变化趋势一致。     

鹅败血支原体及滑液囊支原体感染的血清学调查

本研究对珠江三角洲部分地区鹅群的185例血清样品，进行败血支原体、滑液囊支原体感染的平板凝集试验，检测结果表明：鹅败血支原体的感染率为29.7%，滑液囊支原体的感染率为19.5%，两者的混合感染率为14.6%。     

苏丹草转录组SSR分子标记开发及遗传多样性评价

苏丹草是一种高产优质的禾本科牧草,优质分子标记的缺乏成为苏丹草育种工作顺利开展的限制性因素。本研究基于高通量测序结果开发苏丹草EST-SSR标记,并对34份苏丹草和2份高丹草种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析,验证所开发的EST-SSR引物的可应用性。从苏丹草转录组的80686条序列中鉴定出17548个SSR位点分布在13574条序列中,分布频率为16.82%。一、二和三核苷酸重复分别占38.59%、19.18%和39.09%,SSR重复基元的重复次数分布在5~23次;开发的300对引物扩增成功率达73.67%,其中54对多态性引物在36份供试材料中共扩增出275条带,其中多态性条带有205条,多态位点百分率(PPB)为73.05%,多态信息含量(PIC)平均值为0.41,遗传距离的变化范围为0.3922~0.9020;聚类分析结果将36份供试材料分为3大类群,相同品种的材料大致聚为一类,材料间的聚类与地理来源呈一定的相关性。以上结果证明了利用苏丹草转录组数据开发SSR标记的可行性并揭示了供试材料间具有丰富的遗传多样性,为苏丹草及近源物种种质资源的多样性水平和变异分析以及分子标记辅助育种等研究提供依据。     

Characterization of ovarian morphology and reproductive hormones in Zhedong white geese (Anser cygnoides domesticus) during the reproductive cycle

Zhedong white goose (Anser cygnoides domesticus) is a native Chinese breed with strong broodiness and low egg production, which is related to the physiology of reproduction. However, thus far, the physiology of goose reproduction has not been well elucidated. In the present study, the ovarian morphology and reproductive hormones of Zhedong white geese were investigated during the reproductive cycle (the laying and brooding periods). The results showed that the surface of the ovary was atrophied and follicular atresia appeared to some extent in the brooding period compared with the laying period. The concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone and luteinizing hormone were significantly higher than those in the brooding period (p < 0.05). In contrast, the concentrations of prolactin (PRL) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in the laying period were significantly lower than those in the brooding period (p < 0.05). In addition, the mRNA expression levels of PRL, AMH, dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) were detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovaries by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that AMH mRNA was expressed specifically in ovary tissue. The expression levels of DβH and PRL in the brooding period was significantly higher than those in the laying period in the three tissues, especially in the early and middle stages of the brooding period. Moreover, AMH mRNA expression in the ovaries presented the same trend. In addition, P450scc mRNA was highly expressed in both the ovary and pituitary in the laying period. These results revealed the remarkable features of ovarian morphology and characterized the hormonal pattern and expression profile during the reproductive cycle, all of which contribute to understanding the differences in reproductive physiology between the laying and brooding periods in Zhedong white geese.