Abomasal emptying defect in Suffolk sheep

Twelve Suffolk sheep were examined because of an abomasal emptying problem. Anorexia and weight loss were evident in 11 of the sheep. Ventral abdominal distention was observed in 5 sheep. Laboratory analyses failed to show the hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis commonly found in cattle with a similar problem. Rumen chloride concentrations in 3 sheep indicated reflux of abomasal contents into the rumen.     

Bile acid clearance in sheep with hereditary hyperbilirubinemia

The disappearance of IV injected [24-14C]cholic acid from plasma was studied in normal and mutant Corriedale and Southdown sheep exhibiting hereditary defects in hepatic organic anion transport. Hepatic cholic acid clearance was determined from the integral of the 40-minute disappearance curves fit to the sums of two exponential functions. Cholic acid clearance among Corriedale sheep was significantly less (P less than 0.05) for mutant sheep (8.44 +/- 0.86 SEM ml/minute/kg of body weight) than for normal sheep (12.7 +/- 0.58 ml/minute/kg). Cholic acid clearance in the Southdown mutant (1.97 +/- 0.59 ml/minute/kg) was less than 15% of normal clearance rate (13.3 +/- 2.2 ml/minute/kg). Clearance of [14C]taurocholic acid (curves fit to three exponential function) in the Southdown mutant (10.8 +/- 0.4 ml/minute/kg) was significantly greater (P less than 0.01) than cholic acid clearance, yet was not significantly different (P greater than 0.05) from normal taurocholate clearance (17.8 +/- 2.5 ml/minute/kg). Hepatic regurgitation of conjugated bile acid was not detected after [14C]cholic acid injection. Both the mutant Corriedale and Southdown sheep, which exhibited inherited defects in hepatic bilirubin transport similar to Dubin-Johnson syndrome and Gilbert's disease in man, exhibited defects in hepatic bile acid clearance.     

A skin allergy test in chlamydial abortion in sheep]

46 head of pregnant sheep, the Tsigaya breed, were subjected to the skin allergy test and subsequently divided into two groups. Sheep were in the 3rd month of gravidity and were a part of a flock consisting of 300 head, in which chlamydia-induced abortion was recorded in sheep. The skin allergic test was done by the Rodolakis et al. (1977) method, modified by us, to indicate the level of cell-mediated immune response. Simultaneously with it, serological examinations (complement fixation test--CFT) were performed to find out the levels of antibody against Ch. psittaci. The results of skin allergy test (SAT) and serological examination in sheep after bivalent vaccine administration are given in Tab. II. Of the total number of sheep ranked to vaccinated group, 18 head responded positively on SAT. After vaccination, 12 head responded positively though previously responded negatively. In vaccinated group one abort recorded in the sheep. No. 12 which was on the 0 day slightly positive in the skin test. High levels of antibody were found after abortion and the skin test was highly positive. The results of SAT and serological examination in sheep, when placebo was administered, are given in Tab. III. 6 sheep aborted in the group, placebo was administered, are given in Tab. III. 6 sheep aborted in the group, of which 5 were negative and one was slightly positive on the day 0 in SAT. In 4 sheep abort was accompanied with significant increase in humoral antibody against Ch. psittaci. In sheep which aborted and were negative in SAT on the day 0, a marked positivity has been indicated in the replicated SAT test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Gamithromycin plasma and skin pharmacokinetics in sheep

This study assessed the plasma kinetics and skin/plasma concentration ratio of the azalide antibiotic gamithromycin (ZACTRAN^®, Merial) in sheep after a single subcutaneous administration at 6 mg/kg bodyweight. Gamithromycin concentrations in plasma samples collected at various intervals up to 21 days following treatment and metacarpal skin obtained from animals at two, five and ten days after treatment were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods.     

SHH在美利奴羊与小尾寒羊背部皮肤表达差异的研究

为了研究音猬因子(sonic hedgehog, SHH)在不同品种绵羊背部皮肤中的表达差异,以探索SHH与羊毛弯曲形成的关系,选取美利奴羊和小尾寒羊作为研究对象,利用HE染色法观察2种绵羊背部皮肤的组织结构,采用免疫组织化学技术、实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot方法探究2种绵羊背部皮肤中SHH蛋白和基因水平的相对表达量差异。结果显示:HE染色显示美利奴羊与小尾寒羊背部皮肤毛囊的组织结构存在毛囊数量及弯曲程度等差异;免疫组织化学试验显示,SHH蛋白在美利奴羊和小尾寒羊背部皮肤中均有表达,在美利奴羊背部皮肤中的毛乳头、毛基质、内外根鞘、皮脂腺和表皮细胞中显著表达,在小尾寒羊背部皮肤中的毛基质、内外根鞘和皮脂腺中显著表达;光密度分析显示,美利奴羊背部皮肤组织中SHH蛋白的表达量显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.001);实时荧光定量PCR显示,美利奴羊SHH mRNA相对表达水平显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.01);Western blot显示,美利奴羊SHH蛋白相对表达水平显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.01)。提示:羊毛弯曲的形成与其组织结构有关,并受SHH的调控。     

SHH在美利奴羊与小尾寒羊背部皮肤表达差异的研究

为了研究音猬因子(sonic hedgehog, SHH)在不同品种绵羊背部皮肤中的表达差异,以探索SHH与羊毛弯曲形成的关系,选取美利奴羊和小尾寒羊作为研究对象,利用HE染色法观察2种绵羊背部皮肤的组织结构,采用免疫组织化学技术、实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot方法探究2种绵羊背部皮肤中SHH蛋白和基因水平的相对表达量差异。结果显示:HE染色显示美利奴羊与小尾寒羊背部皮肤毛囊的组织结构存在毛囊数量及弯曲程度等差异;免疫组织化学试验显示,SHH蛋白在美利奴羊和小尾寒羊背部皮肤中均有表达,在美利奴羊背部皮肤中的毛乳头、毛基质、内外根鞘、皮脂腺和表皮细胞中显著表达,在小尾寒羊背部皮肤中的毛基质、内外根鞘和皮脂腺中显著表达;光密度分析显示,美利奴羊背部皮肤组织中SHH蛋白的表达量显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.001);实时荧光定量PCR显示,美利奴羊SHH mRNA相对表达水平显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.01);Western blot显示,美利奴羊SHH蛋白相对表达水平显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.01)。提示:羊毛弯曲的形成与其组织结构有关,并受SHH的调控。     

利用皮片移植技术治疗犬皮肤大面积缺损

昆明某动物医院接诊1条杂交犬,因车祸造成皮肤大面积的缺损,利用有蒂皮片移植技术进行治疗。在邻近的供皮部位皮肤切割一块与创口形状相同、稍大于创口的有蒂皮片,通过单侧旋转的方法将有蒂皮片牵拉、覆盖在创口的受皮部位表面,用丝线进行缝合。经过20多天术后护理,患犬的皮肤预后良好。     

Study on skin diseases in sheep from northern Ethiopia

A study was conducted to determine the cause and prevalence of skin diseases in local sheep from northern Ethiopia. Of 520 sheep examined 174 (33%) had skin diseases of different causes. The identified causes were lice infestation due to Damalina ovis and Linognatus africanus (21%), sheep pox (8%), sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptic Scab. var. ovis) (4%), dermatophilosis due to Dermatophilus congolensis (3%), and orf (contagious ecthyma) (3%). There was no statistically significant (P > 0.05) association of any of the skin diseases with age and sex of the sheep examined. The occurrence and spread of the diseases were associated with poor management, climatic factors, feed scarcity and inadequate veterinary services. The increasing threat of skin diseases to the development of sheep production warranting an urgent control intervention is indicated.     

Estimation of increased vascular permeability in the sheep skin

Extract

A cardinal feature of inflammation is the striking increase in the permeability of capillaries and venules to plasma protein. This is referred to as increased vascular permeability.     

Regeneration of wool follicles in autografts of sheep skin.

Three experiments involving six sheep were carried out at three different times in the annual wool growth cycle. Forty-eight full-thickness fitted autografts were sampled 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 21 and 28 days after grafting. The histopathology of the grafts is described. Individual variation in 'take' was probably related to the speed with which vascular integrity was reestablished between graft and bed. Delayed acceptance caused the death of pilosebaceous units. In a successful graft, wool follicle regeneration appears to occur in three main ways: (1) an inactive follicle regenerates from the dormant bulb at about seven days, (2) follicles that were active at the time of grafting have first to form a papilla stalk, and such follicles did not become active until 11 days, (3) sometimes one or more outgrowths appeared at higher levels suggesting follicle regeneration by branching. In addition there were a few instances of de novo downgrowth of follicle plugs from the epidermis. Wool growth on the graft therefore arises almost entirely from the reorganisation of preexisting follicles.