远洋英语(三)

<正> 23. Do you require a pilot? 你船需要领航员吗? 24. I require a pilot. 我船需要领航员。25. Where call I take pilot? 我船在何处上领航员?     

远洋英语(一)

1 .1 am making way througli the Watef。 我船正在水上航行。2。What 15 your eourse? 你船航向是多少?3。My eourse 15 115“. 我船航向是115。。4。1 am altering my eourse to 60”. 我船在把航向改为60。。5。What 15 your draught aft? 你船后吃水多少?6。My draught aft 15 4.snz. 我船后吃水是4 .5米。7。1 am proeeeding atredueed sPeed. 我船正减速前进。8。Buoy 300m distanee ahead. 浮筒距船头300米。9。You are in the eenter of the fairway· 你船在航道中央。10。1 am on the leading line. 我船在导航线上。11.Do n…     

渔用英语(四)

<正> 1.There is season off.please keepaway.这里现在是休渔期,请离开。2.Do not shoot a fishing gear aheadme,please.请不要在我船首方向放网。3.Your fishing gear has fouled myvessel,please stop.你船的网具已与我船纠缠,请停车。4.I will release fishing gear.youhaul in,please.     

鱼类白细胞介素1β基因的研究概况

Interleukin-1β(IL-1β) is one of the most pleiotropic cytokines and a central regulator of the immune and inflammatory responses. Interleukin-1β was initially discovered within mice and humans and over the last 10 years has been characterized within a wide variety of animals. The IL-1β plays a key role in the inflammatory process, enhancing cell-mediated immunity by inducing the growth and proliferation of lymphocytes, connective tissue cells, and by stimulating immune and inflammatory response effector cells.As an immunoregulatory cytokine, IL-1β has the potential to enhance the immune response induced by a vaccine and/or to modulate the immune response leading to different effector mechanisms. It is produced by many cell types, including monocytes, macrophages,T and B lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial and epithelial cells. Expression is induced by a diverse range of stimuli, including mitogens, cytokines, and microbial products. There have been considerable evidences provided by biological cross reaction that fish produce IL-1β during immune responses, and the bioactivity of IL-1 in fish has been known for over a decade. But only. since 1999,IL-1β gene has been cloned from the rainbow trout. And from then on, IL-1β gene has been cloned and expressed in many fish confirming that fish produces IL-1β gene during immune responses. In mammals it is produced as an inactive precursor that is processed by interleukin converting enzyme (ICE) to give a biologically active ‘mature‘ peptide. There is no signal peptide in IL-1β and its mechanism is unknown. This is the special part of the gene structure of the IL-1β. And through the program analyzing, we found this special structure in fish IL-1β gene. This paper reviews the functions and structure of gene IL-1β and the studies of the gene IL-1β in fish recently.     

免疫促进剂──酵母细胞壁

The yeast cell wall is recovered as a by-product during the production of soluble extracts from brewer's yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae).It is made up predominantry of glucan,mannan oligsaccharides,glucoprotein and chitin polymers.The glucan is a homopolimer of glucose linked through β—(1→3)and β—(1→6) D glycosidic bonds.The therapeutic effect of glucan has been primarily due to stimulation of reticuloendothelial system(RES).Studies have demonnstrated the effect of glucan in improving host resistancee by enhancing immunty to certain malingant tumors as well as to certain bacterial and viral infections.MOS's acts in the gut of animal capturing hostile gut-wall-attacking bacterla like E.Coli.Cell wall can be applied in all sorts feeds,but it is especially recommended for weaning piglets and aquaculture feeds.     

远洋英语(二)

<正> 14.You must close up on vesselahead of you.你船必须紧跟前面的船。15.I am transit will begin at 14hours.我船将在14点开始通过。16.You will enter canal at 5 hours.你船将在5时进入运河。     

韶关市北江水系水利枢纽对鱼类繁殖的影响

The fish spawning ground had been investigated on the Beijiang River near Shaoguan city and the influence on fishes breeding from 7 dam had been estimated.Main result are as follows:the four dam building and designed will result in a big destruction.including disrupt the fish migration(Mengli Dam and ChangshanDam),the fish spawning ground disappear(below Zhangtan Dam).a huge destruction in Ankou fish spawning ground by Changan Dam and a serious of damage on grass lying -egg species will caused by Wantou Dam,especially for catifish Mystus suttatus.On the other hand Zhangtan Dam,Kongiiang Dam,and Menzhou Dam obstructed the fish exchange between upstream and lower stream,however a large water surface became before the dam supported a better condition for fish growth,it seems balance in positive and negative action.The conclusion is that those dam building or designed would be stop or delay in order to maintain fish population and aquatic ecological balance.     

总论

961483 巴布亚新几内亚渔业管理和保护=PNG management and conservation[刊,英]/Thomson D//Wf..—1995,44(11).—42～44巴布亚新几内亚政府现提出了渔业管理和保护资源措施,下令将18艘商业捕虾船限制到15艘,每艘船最大捕获量80吨。12月1日～3月15日封渔,并规定捕虾网目不能小于55毫米。对金枪鱼延绳钓船亦进行了限制,外国船只限于150艘,每日设置的钓钩数     

蚤状溞对海水盐度的耐受力研究

The reproduction and survival of Daphnia pulex Straus under salinities of 2,3,4,6,8,10 and 15℃,20℃,25℃ has been stu died.The results show that the alternate effect of salinity and temperature is o utstanding.The developmental rate of D.pulex goes up with the increa se of temperature under a certain salinity,and the total life span reduces with the increase of salinity under a certain temperature. The optimum salinity-tempe rature combination level is salinity 2 and temp.20℃.The upper salinity limit of reproduction is 4.After short-term training between 15～25 ℃and at 25℃,the up per salinity limit of reproduction and survival is 6.     

鳗源嗜水气单胞菌主要外膜蛋白基因克隆及其表达

A pair of primers were designed according to the published nucleotide sequence of a putative outer membrane protein gene (omp) of Aeromonas hydrophila . With the specific primers, a target fragment about 1.1 kb was amplified from Aeromonas hydrophila ML316 via PCR .The target fragment was inserted into the linearized pGEM-T easy vector. After enzyme restriction and sequencing analysis,the nucleotide data had been further analyzed by DNAman and ClutalW software. The analysis results showed that the cloned DNA fragment had a longest open reading frame (ORF) of 1035 nt,it predicted to be encoded a 344 aa protein with the molecular weight of 36 kD. Hydrophobicity analysis suggested that the protein was highly hydrophilic, especialy at the first 24 aminoacid, this region could function as signal peptide. The homologious comparison proved the cloned gene had 96% homology to the sequence of the omp gene, and the alignment of the amino acid sequence was 98% . The recombinant plasmid was constructed with the target gene and the expressing vector pGEX-4T-1 and then was transformed into E. coli BL21（DE3）by BamH and Sal I .The fusion protein was expressed under the IPTG inducing condition,and exhibited about 62 kD in size,very close to the predicted molecular weight of GSTMOMP, furthermore,the fusion protein was specifically recognized by antiserum which raised against the major outer membrane protein of AHML316. Considering all these together, it proved that the cloned gene represented the major outer membrane protein gene of AHML316, and the expressed gene products shared identical antigenicity with the natural main outer membrane protein,and also provided technical support for developing an advanced gene engineering vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila.     

渔用英语(三)

<正> 1.There is heavy sea.I require thatgo to……to take shelter fromwind.风浪很大,我要求去××避风。2.You may go to……to take shelterfrom wind.可以到××避风。     

三、水产资源

940063 台湾东部海域中沿一断面的表层仔稚鱼的种类组成、丰度和群聚=The composi-tion,abundance and assemblages of neustonicfish larva along a transect off eastfern Taiwan inJanuary,1992[刊,英]/叶信平//J.Fish.Soc.Taiwan.—1993.20(1).—15～261992年1月,在台湾东部海域沿一断面     

贵州方竹水库浮游生物多样性与氮、磷含分布

As it＇s revealed in the investigation data, significant differences of N, P concentration, as well as, the component and amount of plankton were absorved mong the upper, the middle and the downstream of Fangzhu reservoir. Upstream was seriously polluted, a obvious trait, namely artificial fertilization, was absorved in the middlestream,while, compared with the Water Environment Evaluation Criteria,the water quality of the downstream was located class IU, inferior conditions were detected also. This reservoir had exhibited a high Self-purification Capacity, compared with the upstream, the concentration of TN, TP, as well as the eutrophication index of N, P in the downstream were declined 19.74% and 68.81% ,3 and 19, respectively,while the biomasses of phytoplankton and zooplankton were tremendously increased 1 984. 4 and 10.6 times,respectively, as long as the phytoplankton diversity index, evenness index and dominance index,0.32,0.16 and 0.01 increases were observed, separately. In sum, the TP eutrophication appraisal index was extremely higher than that of TP in Fangzhu reservoir.     

线纹尖塘鳢的形态生物学与核型

This paper reports the morphological character and karyotype of Oxyeleotris lineolatus. Oxyeleotris lineolatus is native in Australia and call ed sleepy cod. It belongs to Oxyeleotris, Eleotridae, Gobioidei, Perciformes in taxonomy. Recently, it was introduced to China and local people were not familiar with it. So we carried out this study. 30 individuals have been observed and some data were recorded. It has a large mouth that is in front and up. The mandible stands out and is longer than the up jaw. There are many rows of thin teeth in up and down jaws. The pelvie fins are located in chest and pectoral fins are large and fanlike. There are two dorsal fins. The tail fin is circular. Gill rakers are sparse and the number of gill rakers is 8-12+3-4. The gas bladder belongs to physoclistaus and its stomach is strong and I-like. The intestine is thick and short and no pyloric caecas. The length of the digestive path is 48.1％-80.3% of the length of body. Its liver has two lobes and the liver weight is 4.1%-7.2% of the body weight. The digestive organs characters are same as the trait of flesheater fish. Its scale belongs to ctenoid scale and its body surface shows several long lines. There is not lateral line in the body. The number of vertebra is 26-27 and it has 10-11 pairs rib. The number of diploid chromosome is 2n=46 and the karyotype formula is 2sm+8st+36t，NF=48. The relative length of chromosome is from 1.37% to 3.48% and it is continuity. No strange size chromosomes relation to sex was observed. The karyotype of Oxyeleotris lineolatus is similar to that of Oxyeletris marmoratus Bleeker from South East Asia and both of them belong to Oxyeleotri. It testifies the correctness of traditional classification on cytology.     

细角螺的繁殖生态条件及繁殖习性

Hemifusus ternatanus(Gmelin), a gastropoda living in the deep water areas of undertide,as well as a delicious seafood, was distributed mainly in Chinese southeast seas and Japanese seas near the coast. In this experiment Hemifusus ternatanus' breeding ecological conditions and its propagation habit were studied in order to provide an experimental foundation for the artificial breeding. The brood stocks of test animals collected from the waters in Taiwan Strait, and then were examinated their growing temperature， salinity, feeding and propagation habit in the laboratory. The re sults showed that the growing temperature for Hemifusus ternatanus ranges from 16 ℃ to 32 ℃, with an optimum temperature between 20 ℃ to 28 ℃ and between 23 ℃ and 28 ℃ for breeding. The optimum growth salinity was 18.3-32.3 though it much adapts to salinity from 13 to 35. They prefer to feed on bivalves particularly those with thin shells and byssusless. Hemifusus ternatanus is dioecious and fertilization finishes inside the body. It was called as egg vesicle procreation that the whole stages of embryo growth were developed within egg vesicle. Larva forms as soon as it leaves egg vesicle, which is called direct occurrence type. The larva became the juvenile after metamorphosis during 20-25 days development. It was first to obtained 233 juveniles with shell height 32-45 mm by an artificial breeding method.     

机帆并用 节能增收

我港有小机船200多条,由于渔用柴油供应不足,停港待油情况较严重.为此,渔港党支部发动群众,想办法、出主意,采取机船加帆节能措施.已有175条机船装了风帆,占全港渔业机船总数的84%.机船加帆,有风扬帆,无风开机,风小机帆并用.既节约了柴油,又增加了生产时间,有着明显的好处.经过三年多的实践,我们已尝到了甜头.     

坛紫菜自由丝状体对无机碳的利用

Free-living Porphyra haitanensis conchocelis was cultured under continual light,then it was treated with Van,DIDS and SITS,the inhibitors of inorganic carbon utilization,to study the mechanism of inorganic carbon utilization in the conchocelis.The results indicate that Van inhibits the utilization of inorganic carbon most,with a rate of 71.3%,and the rates of DIDS and SITS are relatively lower,42% and 35.5% respectively.The inhibition rate of Az is 25.3%,which indicates the external CA is not an important part of its inorganic carbon uptake.A complementary conclusion is that the main part of inorganic carbon absorption in P.haitanensis conchocelis is through active transport of HCO3^- and CO2.     

大菱鲆仔鱼皮肤发育及超微结构

The histological development and ultrastructure of larval turbot skin were studied by both light and transmission electron microscopes.The early larvae showed a complete bisymmetry of skin.The skin of 1-25days old larvae developed slowly and was composed of the thin epidermis of 1-2layers epidermal cells and undeveloped dermis before the metamorphosis.But the skin developed significantly when the.metamorphosis began.Till the completion of metamorphosis(about 60days old),the skin contained 3-4layers epidermal cells and very developed collagenous strata.Wisth the process of metamorphosis,the ocular side skin and blind side skin became different in ultrastructure.Ultrastructural observation showed the epidermis of turbot contained three types of epidermal cells;filament-containing cells,mucus cells and chloride cells.The ocular side epidermis with looser structure consisted one type of filament-containing cells,but the blind side epidermis was structured densely and two types of filament-containing cells were observed in it.Melanophores,iridophores,fibroblasts and other cell types and tisssues were found in the spongiosum of dermis.The distribution of melanophores depended on the larval developing stage and the pigmentation of skin.The differentiation of skin seems to be an adaptation for the change of life style of turbot larvae from pelagic living to benthonic living after the metamorphosis.     

The cooperation between the Chinese Bureau of Fisheries and the Norwegian Directorate of fisheries

Activities1994In 1994 Peter Gullestad(Present Director General of Fisheries in Bergen) headed a Norwegian delegationvisiting China.In his presentation of“The N orwegian exp erience in fisheries management and control” - hestressed the fact that overcapacity is“the root of all evil”.He also underlined that it is important not only toset up a legal system for fisheries management but also to establish reliable catch statistics.He further morepointed out that good scientific advice is th…     

违反伏休规定的两对渔船受到严肃处罚

8月20日下午4时,渔政739船在洞头鹿西岛东侧查获浙洞渔10149、10150对拖网渔船。经询问,该对船已供认欲去拖网生产的事实。这是自7月份以来查获的第一对违反伏休规定的浙江省拖网渔船。根据从严从重处罚的精神,玉环县渔政站已作出以下处罚:一、没收网具;二、罚款32000元;三、该船扣留到9月15日:四、网船和偎船老大每人罚款500元;五、偎船老大送法制学习班。