共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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广东南海出入境检验检疫局从三山口岸西班牙进境金琥(Echinocactus grusonii Hildm.)中截获1种活的软体动物,经鉴定为攻击茶蜗牛[Theba impugnata(Mousson,1857)],该物种在中国没有分布记录,是进境植物检疫性有害生物名录中比萨茶蜗牛[Theba pisana(Müller,1774)]的近似种,也是世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)评估为易危级列入"红名单"的物种,为中国口岸首次截获。本文记述了其分类地位、鉴定特征、种群现状、地理分布、生物学和检疫方法,并讨论了易危物种和检疫性有害生物的关系。 相似文献
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虎纹非洲大蜗牛Achatina panthera (Férussac, 1832)是近年来台湾新发生的重大外来入侵物种, 对农林生产和人畜健康构成严重威胁, 目前中国大陆尚无分布?本文厘清了该蜗牛分类历史和系统学地位, 通过核对实物标本结合现有文献, 重新描述了虎纹非洲大蜗牛的形态特征, 并与近似种的主要形态鉴别特征进行了比对?首次测定该蜗牛的COⅠ基因序列, 并建立了分子比对鉴定方法?最后提出了相应的检疫风险管理措施, 可为有关部门应对虎纹非洲大蜗牛的入侵提供科学依据? 相似文献
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Euparyphium albuferensis and Echinostoma friedi cercarial infectivity to four species of sympatric snails was examined under single- or multiple-choice laboratory conditions to show the level of parasite-snail host compatibility. Radix peregra, Lymnaeafuscus, Physella acuta and Gyraulus chinensis act as second intermediate hosts of both parasite species although different cercarial transmission success (CTS) was observed. In single-host experiments, R. peregra and P. acuta showed a high degree of compatibility with E. albuferensis, while only P. acuta in the case of E. friedi. In two-choice snail communities, a snail with high CTS increased the values of another with low compatibility, in both parasite species. In multiple-choice snail communities, high CTS of some hosts decreased, while low CTS of other hosts increased. The degree of parasite-host compatibility of each snail species could be determined by the presence of other snails in the community. 相似文献
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Dolecková K Kasný M Mikes L Mutapi F Stack C Mountford AP Horák P 《Folia parasitologica》2007,54(2):94-98
Trichobilharzia regenti is a neurotropic bird schistosome,causing cercarial dermatitis in humans. In this study, ZAP cDNA expression library from Radix peregra s. lat. hepatopancreases containing intramolluscan stages of T. regenti was constructed and screened using PCR with specific and degenerate primers, designed according to previously described serine and cysteine peptidases of other parasite species. Full-length sequences of cathepsins B1 and L, and two serine peptidases, named RpSP1 and RpSP2, were obtained.The protein-protein BLAST analysis and parallel control reactions with template from hepatopancreases of T. regenti non-infected snails revealed that only cathepsin B1 was of parasite origin. The remaining sequences were derived from the snail intermediate host, which implies that the initial source of parasite mRNA was contaminated by snail tissue.Regardless of this contamination, the cDNA library remains an excellent molecular tool for detection and identification of bioactive molecules in T. regenti cercariae. 相似文献
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四纹豆象是口岸检疫中经常截获的种类,本文以四纹豆象及其近缘种为研究对象,测定分析了COI基因516 bp碱基序列。序列分析结果表明:保守位点为353个,变异位点为163个,简约信息位点为134个,自裔位点为29个。基于Kimura 2-parameter模型分析遗传距离,结果显示:种内遗传距离介于0.001~0.013之间,平均遗传距离为0.008,种间遗传距离介于0.114~0.193,平均遗传距离为0.161。采用邻接法构建的COI基因序列系统发育树显示,同一物种聚为同一小支,且分支自展值均为100%。结果表明应用COI基因片段对四纹豆象及其近缘种进行分子鉴定具有可行性。 相似文献
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草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)是2019年新入侵我国的一种重大迁飞性害虫,在灯诱监测过程中,草地贪夜蛾成虫易与旋歧夜蛾Anarta trifolii(Hufnagel)、陌夜蛾Trachea atriplicis(Linnaeus)、甘蓝夜蛾Mamestra brassicae(Linnaeus)、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura(Fabricius)4种夜蛾的成虫混淆。本文通过制作标本进行形态鉴定,并结合相关资料进行对比分析,发现翅面颜色、斜纹位置和长度、顶角特征等有助于几种夜蛾的区分,此外,前足基部明显膨大也是识别草地贪夜蛾的关键特征。草地贪夜蛾的雄性外生殖器容易与斜纹夜蛾的混淆,与其他两种有明显区别。掌握关键分类特征,可以准确识别上述5种夜蛾,为草地贪夜蛾的预测预报奠定基础。 相似文献
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苹浅褐卷蛾原产澳大利亚,目前仅分布于少数地区,是澳大利亚、新西兰及英国等国家多种经济作物上的重要害虫,苹浅褐卷蛾形态具有多态性,对其形态鉴定一直非常困难,由此也增加了该虫在口岸上的入侵风险。本研究使用DNA条形码技术(barcoding)测定了采集自新西兰5个不同地区苹浅褐卷蛾种群26个样本的细胞色素酶I(COI)序列。研究表明,苹浅褐卷蛾种内COI序列差异远小于3%,而与BOLD数据库中卷蛾科其他种类的种间差异约为7%~16%,远大于3%。该结果肯定了条形码技术能够成为口岸快速、准确鉴定苹浅褐卷蛾的有效方法。 相似文献