共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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芒果是热带、亚热带重要经济作物之一,因其独特的口感和丰富的营养价值深受消费者喜爱。由于芒果采收期正值高温多雨季节、果实采后生理代谢旺盛、采收难度大,采后运输、贮藏过程中易遭受真菌的侵染,成为限制芒果产业发展的重要因素。为防治芒果采后真菌性病害,国内外学者对芒果采后防治技术进行了研究与开发。对炭疽病、蒂腐病和曲霉病3种芒果采后主要真菌性病害的症状、危害、病原菌和发生条件进行了综述,总结了芒果采后真菌性病害的防治方法,并对芒果采后病害防治方法进行了展望,为芒果采后真菌性病害防治技术的发展提供理论基础。 相似文献
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果实采后易发生品质劣变,造成经济损失.而病原菌是导致果实采摘后品质劣变的主要原因之一.目前针对果实采后病害损失的研究主要集中于病原菌的致病机理,对于病原菌侵染后果实自身产生的抗性响应鲜有报道.本文综述了果实采后响应病原菌侵染的生理生化及其分子机制,包括病原菌侵染对果实细胞结构、果实防御酶系统的影响和果实代谢产物在抗病中的作用,探讨了果实抗病基因的研究概况,从生理生化和分子机制深入研究采摘后果实被病原菌侵染后的应答反应,为研发果实保鲜新技术提供参考. 相似文献
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众多研究表明,果实在贮藏过程中的生理病害与病理病害均与其钙含量密切相关.这些病害多数可通过采前树体喷(注射)钙与采后果实浸钙等增钙措施有效地得到预防和控制.通过增钙处理使果实组织中维持较高的钙含量,从而可以保持果实硬度,降低呼吸强度,抑制乙烯生成,达到延长果实贮藏期的目的.
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根据柑橙橘柚类水果的生物学特性.论述了该类果实采后贮藏保鲜的工艺条件以及主要采后生理病害与侵染性病害的发生规律与防治措施。 相似文献
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为延长青圆椒的贮藏时间,采用正交试验法研究壳聚糖、柠檬酸、氯化钙复合涂膜对青圆椒的保鲜效果,并进行验证,筛选出较优的壳聚糖复合涂膜保鲜剂质量浓度组合。结果表明,贮藏期间,氯化钙是影响青圆椒质量损失率、可滴定酸含量、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量的主要因素,柠檬酸是影响青圆椒VC含量的主要因素。10 g/L壳聚糖,15 g/L柠檬酸,15 g/L氯化钙为复合涂膜保鲜剂较优组合,该复合涂膜保鲜剂可减轻青圆椒果实软化程度,减少其贮藏期内质量损失,延缓果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、VC等营养物质的消耗及叶绿素的下降速度,抑制酚类物质含量的下降,维持较高的抗氧化活性,具有较好的保鲜效果。 相似文献
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对冬枣采后主要病害种类、症状及防治方法进行阐述,并介绍了生物防治技术在果蔬贮运病害防治中的应用,展望了该技术在冬枣采后病害防治中的应用前景. 相似文献
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以丰田新秀青椒为试材,模拟贮运过程中温度的变化,研究其对青椒品质的影响以及1-MCP处理在此过程中的保鲜效果。结果表明,贮运环境温度的变化容易导致青椒果实呼吸作用增强,失重率增加,可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、VC等营养成分消耗过快,硬度下降,造成衰败和腐烂;1-MCP处理可以显著抑制青椒由于温度变化而产生的代谢增强,从而较好地保持其可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、VC等营养成分,减少质量损失和腐败的发生,延缓果实的成熟和转红。10℃恒温结合1-MCP处理贮藏35 d的青椒商品率可达90%以上;模拟青椒贮运条件,采用1μL/L浓度的1-MCP熏蒸24 h,在10℃贮藏6d后,取出,盖上保温被在室温25℃条件下放置24h,再重新放入10℃冷库中贮藏28d时,青椒果实的商品率可达70%以上。 相似文献
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《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2000,18(1):19-26
Treatment of peppers with hot water (53°C) for 4 min was found to be effective in alleviating chilling injury and reducing decay after 14 and 28 days of storage at 8°C. Treatment at 45°C for 15 min was less effective in maintaining pepper quality during storage. Packaging with low density polyethylene film significantly reduced weight loss and chilling injury during low temperature storage. Lower O2 and higher CO2 levels were found in internal and in-package atmospheres of heated fruit than controls. Ethylene was not detected in the in-package atmosphere of treated fruit, but was present in the control. Polyamine levels increased immediately after hot water treatments. Putrescine levels increased during storage at 8°C particularly in heat-treated fruit and in packaged fruit. A significant increase in putrescine was noted in packaged fruit treated at 53°C for 4 min after 14 days of storage. Spermine levels decreased in control fruit during storage. However, heat treatment in combination with film packaging maintained higher levels of spermine in peppers during storage than controls. These results indicated that hot water treatment in conjunction with film packaging may delay chilling injury and decay of bell peppers through a mechanism that involved elevation of polyamine levels. 相似文献
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黄瓜是一种深受消费者喜爱的蔬菜,但其在采后贮运过程中不可避免地会受到机械损伤、高温、冷害、盐碱、病虫害等环境的胁迫。当遭受逆境胁迫时,其体内的酶促抗氧化系统会对逆境胁迫做出相应的生理响应加以抵抗,以减轻因受到逆境胁迫对其品质造成的伤害。本文主要介绍植物体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等抗氧化酶系统,综述黄瓜酶促抗氧化系统对逆境胁迫生理响应的研究进展,旨在对黄瓜果实采后逆境胁迫防控提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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Weining Hao Hui Li Meiying Hu Liu Yang Muhammad Rizwan-ul-Haq 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(3):316-323
A strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HF-01, isolated from citrus fruit surfaces, was screened for in vitro antagonism toward Penicillium digitatum and identified, based on Biolog identification and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences. The isolate was further evaluated alone, or in combination with tea saponin (TS) on artificially inoculated ‘Wuzishatangju’ mandarin fruit. The results showed that the isolate performed significantly better than the water control in reducing the incidence of green and blue mold and sour rot, but was not as effective as the fungicide treatment. Biocontrol activity of B. amyloliquefaciens HF-01 was significantly improved by addition of TS, which might influence the formation of a bacterial biofilm and stimulate the antagonist population in wounds. The treatment comprising HF-01 combined with 50 μg mL?1 TS was as effective as the fungicide treatment, which gave more than 90% control of green and blue mold and sour rot. B. amyloliquefaciens HF-01 alone or in combination with a low dosage of TS significantly reduced postharvest decay without impairing any of the other fruit quality parameters. The combination of B. amyloliquefaciens HF-01 and TS could be an alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of citrus postharvest diseases. 相似文献