区域产卵培育蜂王3种性状比较研究

为了弄清区域产卵所培育优质蜂王的3种性状表现。采取了同时期对区域产卵和自然产卵所培育的蜂王初生重比较,蜂王交尾成功率,交尾成功的蜂王所产工蜂初生重试验。结果表明:区域产卵培育的蜂王初生重(W=0.1719 g)显著大于自然产卵培育的蜂王初生重(W=0.0861 g)。区域产卵培育的蜂王比自然产卵培育的蜂王交尾成功率高1.91%。所产工蜂初生重差异不显著。说明:培育蜂王时采取控制蜂王在一定区域内产卵可以提高蜂王初生重。区域产卵培育的蜂王比自然产卵培育的蜂王交尾成功率高。培育的蜂王所产工蜂初生重差异不大。这可为培育优质蜂王和蜂群可持续发展提供理论依据。     

不同性状育王群王台接受率和蜂王初生重比较

进行不同性状育王群培育蜂王王台接受率和蜂王初生重试验,了解不同体色育王群培育蜂王的接受情况和蜂王初生重。采取3个不同育王群在单式和复式移虫前同时不涂抹蜂蜜和蜂王浆、涂抹蜂蜜或蜂王浆王台的接受率和蜂王初生重。结果显示涂抹蜂蜜(70.00%)和蜂王浆(86.67%)对王台接受率影响不显著(P=0.276),不同性状的蜂群培育王台接受率没有差异(R114号=75.00%,R93号=67.04%,R18号=76.48%,P=0.683),蜂王的初生重也没有显著的差异(W114号=0.1987g,W93号=0.1831g,W18号=0.1909g,P=0.203)。此结果说明对王台涂抹蜂蜜和蜂王浆不会提高王台接受率;不同性状育王群对蜂王的初生重没有影响。     

小议育王群的管理

<正>育王群,是专门用来培育蜂王的蜂群,又称哺育群。育王群应该是蜜、浆产量突出,其他各种性状优良的蜂群。开始培育蜂王时,群内应该有12框以上     

小议肓王群的管理

育王群,是专门用来培育蜂王的蜂群,又称哺育群.育王群应该是蜜、浆产量突出,其他各种性状优良的蜂群.开始培育蜂王时,群内应该有12框以上的蜂量,并积累了众多的青年哺育蜂.还应该有一定数量的雄蜂存在.     

滇南中蜂自然蜂王与人工蜂王的初生重比较

为了解育种过程中不同条件对滇南中蜂蜂王初生重的影响,优化滇南中蜂蜂王的选育方法,试验比较了蜂群内自然繁殖的蜂王与人工培育的蜂王的出生率和初生重。结果表明:不同组间幼虫成活率相同时,蜂王的出生率无明显差异;自然蜂王的初生重为(0.159 1±0.020 3)g,人工蜂王的初生重为(0.126 1±0.008 7)g,自然蜂王的初生重与人工蜂王的初生重相比高26%,且差异显著(P0.05)。     

蜜蜂王台产卵育王技术的初步研究

为了研究开发蜜蜂王台产卵育王技术与方法,以意大利蜜蜂为试验材料,利用蜜蜂王台产卵育王器培育蜂王,检测此育王法的幼虫接受率及蜂王质量,包括蜂王初生重、蜂群繁殖力和卫生清理行为,并以人工移虫育王作为对照。结果表明:在幼虫接受率方面,蜜蜂王台产卵育王法与人工移虫法相比差异显著(P<0.05),王台产卵育王幼虫接受率显著低于人工移虫育王法。但在蜂王初生重、蜂群繁殖力和卫生清理行为方面,王台产卵育王法显著优于人工移虫育王法(P<0.05)。说明采用王台产卵育王技术可以将蜂王发育的营养与环境条件调整至更优水平,从而培育出繁殖力和抗病力强的蜜蜂良种。     

用移卵套管移大卵育王方法

强壮的蜂群是获取大量蜂产品的前提条件,而蜂群能否发展强壮,同等条件下,关键在于蜂群中是否有优质的蜂王,因而怎样培育优质蜂王就显得尤为重要,经笔者实践证明,用移卵套管移大卵育王能育成初生重较大的蜂王,蜂王卵巢管数多,产卵力强,能维持大群。移卵套管的制作方法见《中国养蜂》2004年第1期。使用方法如下:一、培育育王用适龄大卵在开始育王的8￣10天前,用竖式隔王板把种王控制在放有两张大蜜粉脾一张大幼虫脾的巢箱内,限制蜂王产卵,让蜂王休息一段时间,在移卵前3天,把种王所在的3张脾换成一张大封盖子脾和一张适合产卵的空脾(空脾要半新…     

春季培育优质蜂王的技术措施

春季培育蜂王不单是为了及早更换产卵异常的蜂王，更主要是根据椒树泌安大小年的规律，适时组织双王群培育大量的采集适龄蜂或进行人工分蜂Ｏ为了培育优质、健壮的蜂王，应采取如下措施：１．利用强群育工。４月中下旬，在外界气温不稳定、蜂群并不强壮时，就应着手育王。为了提高王台接受率，培育优质蜂王，要努力克服群内、群外的不利因素。首先在全场内选择最强壮的蜂群，育王前３天进行组织养王群。使用框式隔王栅将蜂箱隔成有王区和无工区（用无工区育工），并用报纸把隔王栅封严，采用模拟无王群进行育王。养王群的样数要稠密，这样就…     

关于蜂群选择较好蜂王的能力

通常每个蜂群总是一个蜂王,当失王或分群时蜂群会培育大批王台,有的品种多达30～40个,甚至上百个。这个特性有重要的生物学意义吗?为了寻求这个问题的解答,作者做了一些如下的实验。 1971年5月,在12框育王群中培育出一批蜂王,经称重后(初生重为146～226毫     

用移卵套管移大孵育王方法

强壮的蜂群是获取大量蜂产品的前提条件，而蜂群能否发展强壮，同等条件下，关键在于蜂群中是否有优质的蜂王，因而怎样培育优质蜂王就显得尤为重要，经笔者实践证明，用移卵套管移大卵育王能育成初生重较大的蜂王，蜂王卵巢管数多，产卵力强，能维持大群。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.