强化木材检验管理 提高企业经济效益

木材检验工作是森工企业木材生产和经营过程中的重要环节，其工作效果的好坏，既关系到森林资源的合理利用，又关系到木材产品质量和企业经济效益的高低。所以，必须强化对木材检验工作的管理。     

木材检验中的量材设计

木材检验中的量材设计工作是林区企业木材生产的重要环节。科学、合理地量材设计可以极大地提高木材的利用率,减少不必要的损失,反之则贻害无穷。所以,当前在森林资源渐趋枯竭的形势下,加强生产管理,严把木材检验工作质量对企业生存发展极为重要。     

试谈木材检验工作的重要性

木材检验在森工采运企业、木材加工、木材经销和使用部门中是一项非常重要的基础工作。各项生产和经营管理都与木材检验紧密相连。如果没有木材检验工作,生产进度、产品数量和质量、木材价格、产值、成本就无法考核计算。     

对森工企业木材检验组织形式的探讨

本文在对森工企业现行的木材检验组织形式分析的基础上,根据森工企业木材生产和经营管理的需要,提出了合理的木材检验组织形式即生产经营型木材检验组织,同时指出了这种检验组织的工作任务和特点,并对实施这种组织要处理好的几个问题作了探讨,对改革森工企业木材检验组织与管理具有指导意义。     

浅谈木材检验工作在森工企业中的作用

论述了木材检验工作重要性和必要性，分析了木材检验工作对提高企业经济效益的潜在因素。     

木材标准性检验技术的优势及效应

指出了从目前林业企业的产业结构来看,木材的生产和加工依然是主要的经济增长点。要对森林资源合理利用,提升企业的产值,就要注重木材检验工作,以实现木材价值的最大化,使林业企业的经济效益有所提升,而且还可以创造社会效益和生态效益。针对木材标准性检验技术的要点及带来的利益展开了研究。     

浅论木材的称重检验

木材检验，指木材生产、调运及使用部门对木材产品的品种识别，质量鉴定，尺寸检量，材积计算及号印加盖等项工作统称为木材检验。木材检验是木材生产、调运及使用等企业部门实现木材科学管理必不可少的重要环节。上述部门的生产计划和材种计划的完成，产品质量的鉴定，产值和成本的核算等，都必须通过木材检验才能正确的反映出来。否则，会造成产品无据可查，生产和使用上的混乱。由此可见木材检验对企业管理好坏有直接关系。我国现在的木材检量主要是应用形检法，即采用尺杆或卷尺检量木材长度和径级，利用材积表计算材积，以材积（d）为…     

加强贮木厂在木材检验中的科学管理

贮木厂的木材检验管理是林业企业的重要管理手段。抓好木材检验管理,既能有效地反映生产单位木材完成情况,又能指导林业局木材销售取向,提升单位木材价格,并且减少经济效益流失,为企业创造更大的经济效益和社会效益。     

强化木材检验管理是提高经济效益的重要手段

本阐述了森工采运企业强化木材检验工作管理的重要性和必要性，尤其是在国家实施“天保”工程中，企业求发展，就必须在木材检验方面入手，从队伍建设、人员素质提高及经济制约责任等抓起，从而使森工企业走向可持续发展之路。     

提高木材产品质量强化贮木管理

木材产品质量是森工企业，贮木管理的核心。贮木场是木材生产的终端，其产品直接面向市场，木材产品质量的好坏取决于贮木场管理的水平的高低，是检验贮木场的工作业绩的重要标准。产品质量管理是一项复杂的、细致的工作，大致可以归纳为以下三个方面：     

基于二维码的木材运输防伪码单设计

通过对面积限额制度下的木材运输行为进行分析,提出为增强木材运输码单的防伪性能,采用加印二维码的防伪码单进行木材运输监管的设想,并详细介绍二维码的编码规则以及配套使用的硬软件设施;为增加二维码的加密性能,对需要进行二维码编码的信息运用校验和算法进行加密,设计出基于二维码技术的木材运输防伪码单。通过软件自动识别,该防伪码单能够有效提高林业管理部门的执法效率,对伪造码单、涂改码单信息的违法行为具有一定的抑制作用。     

Effect of cross-sectional dimensions on bow and surface checking of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) boxed-heart square timber dried by conventional kiln drying

The effect of cross-sectional dimensions on bow and surface checking were investigated, using the boxed-heart square timber of two sugi cultivars with dimensions 80, 120, and 140 mm and length 1.9 m taken at two different heights above the ground. The smaller cross-sectional timber tended to have larger bow, less surface checking, and larger dimensional shrinkage. However, the drying defects were different between the cultivars and sampling heights, depending on the shrinkage properties of the juvenile wood and the heartwood proportion in the core part of the stem. The bow was larger in the smaller cross-sectional timber in which the longitudinal shrinkage was large in the juvenile wood. Surface checking was more prominent in larger cross-sectional timber containing sapwood in its outer part, which suggested the surface checking was induced by drying stress, owing to large moisture gradients between the heartwood and sapwood. The cross-dimensional shrinkage of the timber was larger in timber with larger tangential shrinkage.     

热带人工用材林研究综述*

在对速生丰产林、速生丰产用材林、工业人工林和人工用材林的概念进行辨析的基础上 ,总结了世界热带人工用材林发展的特点 ,综述了热带人工用材林在政策法规、种苗繁育、造林和经营技术、生产力和轮伐期、立地质量监测和评价、森林病虫害和生物多样性、木材材性和木材工业 7个方面的最新进展 ,最后提出了调整人工用材林发展政策 ;加强生产技术研究和产业带建设 ,提高公众参与程度 ;充分利用市场手段 ,鼓励多元投资主体 ,发展非公有制林业 3条建议以发展我国热带人工用材林产业。     

Comparing multipurpose forest management with timber management,incorporating timber,carbon and oxygen values: A case study

Abstract

This paper comparatively examines two forest management planning approaches: multipurpose forest management and traditional timber management, with carbon, timber and oxygen production objectives in mind. The effects of both approaches on carbon and oxygen values were estimated with an oxygen and carbon flow matrix, while timber production was modelled through a growth and yield model. The estimated values were simultaneously integrated into a linear programming model developed for this study. The objective was to maximize the net present value (NPV) of the profits of timber, oxygen and carbon under the constraints of an even flow of timber production and ending forest inventory for each planning approach. The results showed that the ecological and environmental regulations in multipurpose management substantially decreased the NPV of timber production even though they increased the NPV of carbon and oxygen flow. The results also indicated that over a 100 year planning horizon the total NPV of all forest ecosystem values including carbon, timber and oxygen is almost the same (only 1.9% reduction in multipurpose management approach) in both management approaches. Although multipurpose management creates more NPV of carbon and oxygen than timber management does, the latter provides better results in terms of timber production. It is therefore important to take into account the NPV of all apparent and quantifiable forest values in preparing forest management plans, particularly in developing new management planning approaches.     

基于虚拟经营的木材企业运作策略初探

随着信息技术及物流技术的发展,虚拟经营模式已经成功地应用于很多企业,但是却没有在国内木材行业成功应用的先例。本文以广东鱼珠国际木材市场为例,采用定性的分析方法,结合虚拟经营运作理论,提出基于虚拟经营的木材企业运作策略,并对广东鱼珠国际木材市场虚拟经营的具体实施过程进行初步探讨。     

集体林权制度改革对南方速生丰产用材林经营的影响分析

南方集体林区是我国速生丰产用材林建设的重点地区。通过对江西、福建、广东、广西速生丰产用材林经营模式的问卷调查,探讨了集体林权制度改革对南方速生丰产用材林经营的影响。调查分析认为,林改后南方集体林区营造速生丰产用材林必须达到一定的规模,以合作组织方式组织经营生产和木材供应;应克服各种影响因素,集约经营,开拓融资渠道,通过高投入高收入的经济模式,不断提高林农经济收入。     

Analysis of determination methods for characteristic timber properties as related to growth area and grade yield

The origin of the raw material is a key aspect for strength grading of timber. Large grading areas are favored by the sawmilling industry as they require less effort in handling and documentation during the production process. However, large growth areas can also cause problems, as too high mechanical properties can be declared or yields may become uneconomical. The presented study presents a method that should allow for timber from different countries to be combined into a single grading area. Additionally, the influence on the yield for guaranteeing timber properties for differently defined populations is analysed. In this process, a number of available calculation methods for characteristic values for modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and density are considered as the determination method also influences the final yield. Non-destructive and destructive test data from 8487 spruce specimens from Europe tested in bending or tension are the basis for the presented study. Based on the grading results the presented method is able to simply identify countries that may be combined. The definition of pan-European grading areas seems problematic if characteristic timber properties need to be guaranteed separately for each individual country as it may result in a severe drop in yield. However, checking timber properties only for the European population is unsatisfying as calculated timber properties considerably vary depending on the origin. As for the calculation method, the preferred method itself seems to have less impact on bending class assignments then on tension class assignments.     

浅谈海南木材经营加工和管理对策

结合海南木材经营加工的现状,分析木材经营加工和管理中存在的问题,针对性的提出推进全省木材经营加工和管理的基本对策。     

黄泥河林业局标准化贮木场建设与管理的探讨

贮木场是木材生产过程中的一个重要环节,是连接木材生产、加工以及销售的纽带.贮木场生产管理的好坏,直接关系到林业局的经济效益.本文针对黄泥河林业局贮木场生产经营现状及存在的问题,提出标准化贮木场建设与管理的具体措施,以供同行借鉴.