七子花愈伤组织诱导初探

对七子花愈伤组织的培养途径作了初步的探索 ,研究了以七子花的越冬芽及嫩叶诱导的愈伤组织、无菌短枝扦插和叶柄培养 3条组织培养的途径来进行的七子花种质资源保护 .结果表明 :作为外植体 ,栽培的七子花叶片较野生的七子花越冬芽好 ;以MS +2 ,4 D2 +ZT2培养基最利于幼叶的愈伤组织诱导 ;短枝无菌扦插培养的存活率高于叶柄培养 .比较和分析了各条途径的优点及存在的问题 ,并对七子花的组织培养作了新的展望     

七子花愈伤组织诱导初探

对七子花愈伤组织的培养途径作了初步的探索,研究了以七子花的越冬芽及嫩叶诱导的愈伤组织、无菌短枝扦插和叶柄培养3条组织培养的途径来进行的七子花种质资源保护.结果表明:作为外植体,栽培的七子花叶片较野生的七子花越冬芽好;以MS+2,4-D2+ZT2培养基最利于幼叶的愈伤组织诱导;短枝无菌扦插培养的存活率高于叶柄培养.比较和分析了各条途径的优点及存在的问题,并对七子花的组织培养作了新的展望.     

浙江天台山濒危植物七子花林土壤动物的群落特征分析及不同林分中土壤动物群落的比较研究

为了深入了解濒危植物七子花林土壤动物的群落特征,比较七子花林与混交林、常绿阔叶林、竹林地土壤动物群落的相异性,对浙江天台山中、低海拔地区的土壤动物进行取样分析。结果显示:6个样地共获得大、中、小型土壤动物22 756头,分属于3门10纲21个类群(以目为主),其中以蜱螨目和弹尾目居多,为优势类群。方差分析表明,6个样地土壤动物在不同土层间,个体数和类群数均有显著差异。用DG指数测度群落间的多样性,结果表明,呈共优群落的七子花林中土壤动物多样性最高。Sorenson相似性指数S1和Whittaker相似性指数S2度量结果表明,七子花林与混交林、常绿阔叶林中土壤动物的种群相似性较高。     

七子花总黄酮含量及成分分析

对七子花不同营养器官总黄酮含量进行测定,并利用聚酰胺薄层层析法对七子花黄酮类化合物的成分进行分析。结果表明:①七子花不同营养器官总黄酮含量高低依次是叶>根>茎,七子花叶片总黄酮含量(干质量)可达32 30mg·g-1。②从聚酰胺薄层层析结果来看,七子花叶片总黄酮主要含有8种不同的黄酮成分,而根茎中只含有4种不同成分。七子花叶片具有较高的黄酮类化合物含量,有一定的开发利用前景。表2参12     

藏獒种质资源的保护

藏獒是广泛分布在青藏高原及其周边地区的护卫犬，是在青藏高原独特的自然生态环境中，经过藏族牧民的严格选择和培育而形成的优秀犬品种。本文通过对藏獒种质资源现状的分析，提出藏獒种质资源保护的措施，为开展青藏高源生物多样性保护研究奠定基础。[编者按]     

濒危植物七子花ISSR反应体系的优化

以濒危植物七子花基因组DNA为研究对象,测试了ISSR-PCR反应体系的最适退火温度,并利用单因素试验测试了镁离子浓度,dNTP浓度,模板DNA含量,Taq DNA聚合酶量、BSA浓度、引物用量、甘油浓度对反应结果的影响,可知七子花ISSR分析较适宜的扩增条件是:10μL PCR反应体积,1×Taq酶配套缓冲液(10 mmol.L-1Tris.HC l pH 9.0,50 mmol.L-1KC l,0.1%Triton X-100),2.0 mmol.L-1MgC l2,0.75 U Taq酶(上海华美公司),10 ng模板DNA,6 pmol引物(上海Sangon公司);dATP、dCTP、dGTP、dTTP各0.2 mmol.L-1.     

甘谷县中药材种质资源保护研究

甘谷县中药材丰富,种植历史悠久。随着经济社会的发展,自然资源开发力度加大,县内中药材种质资源日益减少,中药材种质资源保护尤为迫切。本文介绍了甘谷县中药材种质资源保护状况及分布区域,分析了甘谷县中药材种质资源保护存在的问题,提出了甘谷县中药材种质资源保护办法。     

农作物种质资源保护面临的问题及对策

农作物种质资源是农作物新品种选育和农业生产的基础材料.做好种质资源保护工作,不仅保护了未来的育种基因,而且对我国农业可持续发展具有重要意义.然而,随着城市化、现代化、工业化建设进程的加快,在气候、环境、外来物种入侵等各项因素的影响下,农作物种质资源正处于消减或濒危的状态.基于此,通过开展农作物种质资源普查与收集工作,总...     

陕西安康厚朴种质资源调查及保护对策

对安康厚朴种质资源进行资料考证和实际调查。结果表明,安康市9县1区均有厚朴野生植物资源;紫阳县已形成规模化种植基地;岚皋县和紫阳县有凹叶厚朴4 002 hm2,紫阳县有厚朴5 336 hm2,其他区县都有零星厚朴野生资源存在。同时论述了安康厚朴资源开发中存在的问题,并对厚朴资源的保护和合理开发利用提出了对策建议。     

云南青刺果野生种质资源调查

重点介绍云南省青刺果的分布情况、种质资源类型、开发利用的现状与展望等,为开发利用云南省的青刺果资源提供一些原始资料,同时为青刺果的品种选育提供参考。     

韩江流域梅江区林地土壤理化性质及水源涵养能力

采用区域调查和定位试验研究方法,以梅江区为研究区域,系统研究了不同森林类型土壤理化性质及其对水源涵养功能的影响.结果表明,在相同立地条件下,天然常绿阔叶林比马尾松林具有更显著的改善土壤理化性质的能力.天然常绿阔叶林总贮水量高达每公顷2 749.8 t,分别比人工桉树林、灌木林、马尾松林增加6.1%、8.9%和12.7%.依据林地总贮水量的大小,4种林分的水源涵养功能依次为天然常绿阔叶林＞人工桉树林＞灌木林＞马尾松林.     

试论水土保持与耕地资源持续利用

耕地资源是人类生存与发展的基本自然资源,应不断提高对耕地资源的保护程度,实现耕地 资源的持续利用。本文简要分析了水土保持的重要作用,并对耕地资源可持续利用的重要性进行相 应阐述,以期为水土保持与耕地资源的持续利用提供指导与参考。     

水土保持期刊文献资源的特点及开发利用

水土保持期刊文献及时报道水土保持科学的国内外研究动态和水土保持工作的最新进展,传播最新科技信息,是展示水土保持科研成果的重要窗口。对水土保持期刊文献资源的特点,建立完善的水土保持期刊文献资源保障体系以及西北农林科技大学图书馆水土保持期刊文献资源进行开发和利用的情况进行了论述。     

几种生态公益林土壤物理性质及其水源涵养功能

对几种生态公益林的土壤物理性质及其水源涵养功能进行了研究,结果表明:营造生态公益林后,土壤的生态功能得到改善;生态公益林地的土壤容重明显低于杉木林地,降低幅度为10%~12%;土壤毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度均有增加;土壤自然含水量和毛管持水量分别较杉木林地提高了13%~28%和23%~27%;不同林地土壤的蓄水量为风景林地>水源涵养林地>水土保持林地>杉木林地,而凋落物持水量和林地蓄水量为水源涵养林地>风景林地>水土保持林地>杉木林地.     

小麦新品种潍麦7号的特性评价及种质利用

浅析了小麦新品种潍麦7号的主要特征特性。并对近几年以潍麦7号做父母本的杂交组合进行了总结,同时介绍了与其它科研机构合作,优势互补,利用传统育种与现代生物技术相结合选育小麦新种质的工作实践。     

架空索道集材对林地土壤影响的研究

在定量分析皆伐作业架空索道集材对林地土壤理化性质影响的基础上，提出生态型皆伐伐区作业技术．     

东北天南星种质资源研究

对东北天南星种质资源研究结果表明,各质量性状存在较大变异,以茎色、叶形、叶缘形态、佛焰苞颜色等变异最大;各数量性状亦存在较大变异,其中小叶柄长度变异较大,变异系数达70.03%。东北天南星各数量性状间存在一定的相关性,其中,球茎重量与株高、茎粗等表现为显著相关。因此,对东北天南星进行资源的收集、评价和品种选育具有较大潜力和现实意义。     

海南滨海台地典型森林土壤物理性质及水源涵养分析

针对海南滨海台地木麻黄林、桉树林、大叶相思林、椰子林、次生林5种典型森林的土壤容重、孔隙度及凋落物持水性能进行了研究。结果表明:5种林分的土壤毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度上层大于下层,土壤容重为上层小于下层;大叶相思林、木麻黄林的土壤容重较小,土壤疏松,孔隙大,凋落物的储量较大,持水性能好,适宜作为滨海台地的水源涵养林。     

Quality Change of Cinnamon Soil Cultivated Land and Its Effect on Soil Productivity

【Objective】The quality of cultivated land is a key factor affecting soil productivity, which serves also as scientific basis for rational fertilization. Cinnamon soil is the main soil type at the production area of wheat and corn in China. This study examined the current status of cultivated land quality and the evolution characteristics of cinnamon soil during the past 31 years (1988-2018). Though considering the evolution of fertilizer application rate, their influence on productivity was studied, and the guidance for reducing fertilizer input and increasing efficiency in cinnamon soil area was proposed.【Method】Using the data of 103 long-term (31 years) location test points in China, the evolution of cinnamon soil cultivated land quality was analyzed by combining physical and chemical indexes. The factors influencing the yield were compared through the redundancy analysis (RDA). Based on these results, reasonable suggestions were put forward to reduce fertilizer input and increase efficiency in cinnamon soil area.【Result】(1) The present situation and evolution of soil physical and chemical properties in cinnamon soil area were shown in the study. Specifically, the average values of organic matter content, available phosphorus and available potassium in 2018 were 17.9 g·kg ^-1, 29.2 mg·kg ^-1-and 164 mg·kg ^-1, respectively, which represented an increase of 21.2%, 200.9% and 52.0% during 31years, respectively. The average values of total nitrogen and slow available potassium in 2018 were 1.1 g·kg ^-1 and 945 mg·kg ^-1, respectively, which remained relatively stable during the monitoring period. The contents of soil secondary elements and micronutrient elements and heavy metals were in an acceptable range. The pH was reduced by 0.3 unit. Topsoil thickness was 21.9 cm and bulk density was 1.33 g·cm ^-3, which belonged to the middle level. (2) The fertilizer application rate in cinnamon soil area was 730.2 kg·hm ^-2 in 2018. The proportion of N (N):P (P₂O₅):K (K₂O) was about 2:1:1, and the proportion of chemical fertilizer to organic fertilizer was about 3.45:1. The nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 378.9 kg·hm ^-2, which was stable during the past 31 years. The application rate of phosphate and potassium fertilizer decreased by 24.1% and 50.8%, respectively. (3) The wheat yield showed an upward trend during 31 years, and the maximum reached 6 651 kg·hm ^-2 at the end of monitoring, which was 27.6% higher than the value at the initial stage. The corn yield was stable, reaching 8 851 kg·hm ^-2 at the end of monitoring. The contribution rate of soil fertility in wheat season and corn season was 49.0% and 59.6%, respectively. The yield was influenced by soil physical factors, including the thickness of plough layer (which could explain the wheat production for 2.7%, denoted as explanation rate), bulk density (explanation rates of wheat and corn productions for 1.2% and 1.5%, respectively) and chemical index, such as organic matter explanation rates of wheat and corn productions for 2% and 1.7%, respectively, and available phosphorus (explanation rate of corn for 3.6%). The explanation rates of potassium fertilizer were the highest for wheat and corn productions, which reached 5.6% and 6%, respectively. The explanation rates of phosphorus fertilizer for wheat yield (1.3%) and of nitrogen fertilizer for corn yield (1.3%) were also relatively high.【Conclusion】The cultivated land quality in cinnamon soil area has been improved in 31 years, but the overall fertility was low and the physical properties were in middle level. Considering the impact of land quality on productivity, different fertilization schemes needed to be formulated for wheat and corn. Both of which needed to increase the input of potassium fertilizers, and focused on ensuring the supply of phosphorus fertilizers for wheat and nitrogen fertilizers for corn. Physical indicators needed to be highly concerned. The topsoil thickness and bulk density were at a medium level, but there was no need to continue to optimize, and maintaining the status quo was more conductive to obtaining high yield.