我国口蹄疫控制策略获得世界动物卫生组织(OIE)认可

<正>5月28日,在世界动物卫生组织(OIE)第83届国际代表大会第7次全体会议上,我国口蹄疫国家控制策略通过OIE认可,OIE总干事瓦拉特博士和理事会主席卡琳博士向中国代表团颁发证书。口蹄疫是危害严重的动物疫病之一,被OIE列为法定报告动物疫病,我国将其列为一类动物疫病。为降低口蹄疫对畜牧业生产和国际贸易带来的影响,OIE和联合国粮农组织(FAO)将该病列为优先防控的动物     

口蹄疫疫苗的选择及免疫效果的观察

<正>口蹄疫(Foot and Mouth Disease,FMD)在国内又称"5号病",是由口蹄疫病毒(Foot and Mouth Disease Virus,FMDV)所引起的偶蹄动物传染病。世界动物卫生组织(Office International des Epizooties,OIE)将其列为法定报告动物疫病,我国将其列为一类动物疫病。近几年,口蹄疫病毒在国内的流行表现由之前主     

O型口蹄疫与亚洲Ⅰ型口蹄疫临床诊断鉴别要点

口蹄疫(FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒引起的偶蹄类动物共患的急性、热性、接触性传染病,是危害最为严重的家畜传染病之一.世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将此病列为A类传染病的第一位,我国也将口蹄疫列为一类动物疫病.在实际工作中,借助于血清学诊断技术来确诊口蹄疫疫病比较容易,但由于大多数口蹄疫疫病发生在交通不便的山区和边远的牧区,这些基层乡镇兽医站不具备血清学诊断技术的实验室条件,给基层初步判断口蹄疫疫病带来了一定的困难;有的动物防疫人员出现误诊,往往贻误了疫病防控的最佳时机;甚至于有的发病畜被当作健康畜,堂而皇之的随动物检疫合格证明进入流通环节,给口蹄疫防控工作带来了极大的隐患.     

4种ELISA检测奶牛O型口蹄疫免疫抗体的比较试验

口蹄疫(FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒引起的以感染偶蹄动物为主的急性、热性、高度传染性疫病,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为必须报告的动物疫病.我国规定为一类动物疫病.我国奶牛口蹄疫的防控,以免疫接种措施为核心,实行强制免疫政策,要求O型和Asia Ⅰ型疫苗免疫密度必须达100%,通过牛群整体免疫水平的提高来预防口蹄疫的感染和流行[1].     

口蹄疫的综合防控措施

一、口蹄疫简介口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒引起的以偶蹄动物为主的急性、热性、高度传染性疫病。世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为必须报告的动物传染病;生物武器安全公约组织将其列入重点检查对象;我国将该病列入一类动物疫病病种名录、中华人民共和国进境动物一类传染病寄生虫病名录,并发布了一系列的法规文件。     

浅谈影响猪场口蹄疫免疫效果的几个因素分析

口蹄疫在国内又称"5号病",是由口蹄疫病毒所引起的偶蹄动物传染病.世界动物卫生组织将其列为法定报告动物疫病,我国将其列为一类动物疫病.     

口蹄疫发生风险评估模型的建立

口蹄疫(FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)引起的以偶蹄类动物为主的急性、高度传染性疫病,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为必须报告的动物传染病,我国将其规定为一类动物疫病。近几十年来,口蹄疫疫情在不同国家和地区频繁暴发,我国所在的亚洲地区疫情十分严重,新疆因其特殊的地理位置     

柳城县五家羊场三种疫苗免疫抗体水平的监测与分析

正口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒引起的传染病,具有急性、热性及高度接触性特点。我国的《一、二、三类动物疫病病种名录》中口蹄疫是一类动物疫病,《国家中长期动物疫病防治规划(2012-2020)》中口蹄疫(A型、亚洲I型、O型)列为优先防治的国内动物疫病之一。小反刍兽疫是由小反刍兽疫病毒引起的高度接触性病毒性传染病,主要感染小反刍动物。小反刍兽疫是世界动物卫生组织法定报告动物疫病之     

家畜口蹄疫免疫抗体监测与分析

正口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒引起的以偶蹄动物为主的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。口蹄疫因感染动物种类多,传播速度快,对养殖业造成很大的危害,对公共卫生和国际贸易造成严重的影响,OIE将其列为必须报告的动物疫病,我国将其列为一类动物疫病。目前,我国对口蹄疫的防控主要采取强制免     

关于我国防控牲畜口蹄疫工作的现状与建议

口蹄疫(Foot and Mouth Disease,FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒引起的以偶蹄动物为主的急性、热性、高度传染性疫病,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为必须报告的动物传染病,我国规定为一类动物疫病。人曾因接触口蹄疫病畜及其污染的毛皮,或误饮病畜的奶,或误食病畜的肉品等途径而感染,因     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.