Genetic characterization and polymorphisms for parentage testing of the Jeju horse using 20 microsatellite loci

Genetic characterization of the Jeju horse (JH) was performed to construct a correct pedigree of the JH family. A total of 111 horses including 79 JH were genotyped using 20 microsatellite loci. The number of alleles varied from 5 to 11 (mean 7.45) in the JH. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.293 to 0.891 and from 0.357 to 0.841, respectively. The polymorphic information contents (PIC) ranged from 0.335 to 0.816. AHT4, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS2, HMS3, HTG10, LEX3 and VHL20 loci had relatively high PIC values (> 0.7). The total exclusion probability (PE) of the 20 microsatellite loci was 0.9999 in the JH. These results provide basic information for developing an accurate pedigree and will be useful in making decisions regarding conservation of the JH.     

Parentage testing of Thoroughbred horse in Korea using microsatellite DNA typing

The present study was to construct a parentage testing system for Thoroughbred (TB) horse. A total number of 1,285 TB horse samples including 962 foals for parentage testing, 9 sires and 314 dams for individual identification were genotyped. Genomic DNA was extracted from 5 hair roots and genotyped by using 14 microsatellite markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, LEX3 and VHL20). This method consisted of multiplexing PCR procedure and showed reasonable amplification of all PCR products. Genotypes were determined by genetic analyzer. The number of alleles per locus varied from 3 to 9 with a mean value of 6.36 in TB horse. The expected heterozygosity was ranged from 0.548 to 0.831 (mean 0.699), and the total exclusion probability of 14 microstellite loci was 0.9998. Of the 14 markers, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, HMS7 and HTG10 loci have relatively high PIC value (> 0.7). Of the 962 foals, 960 foals were qualified by compatibility according to the Mendelism. These results suggest that the DNA typing method has high potential for parentage verification and individual identification of TB horses.     

三种微卫星DNA标记在奶牛中的应用

选择了分布在牛的3条染色体上的3个微卫星DNA标记UWCA9、BM3413、IDVGA-2,分析其在所供牛群体中的多态分布情况。结果表明,每个位点的等位基因个数及多态信息含量值分别为4/0.70、5/0.75和6/0.80。经分析各标记位点均符合孟德尔遗传规律。     

高原鼢鼠微卫星多态位点筛选及其通用性检测

跨种扩增是微卫星DNA标记获取的快捷有效途径之一。为了筛选出高原鼢鼠微卫星多态性位点,从已开发微卫星信息的鼹形鼠科和甘肃鼢鼠物种中进行了高原鼢鼠微卫星多态性位点及其通用性研究,结果表明:在87对微卫星位点中,只有54对进行了成功扩增,多态位点仅有9个,27个鼹形鼠科物种的微卫星在高原鼢鼠中并没有多态性,9个多态位点全来自于同属的甘肃鼢鼠。基于获得的9个多态位点,检测到高原鼢鼠的等位基因数在4~12,其平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.544,期望杂合度(He)为0.671,多态信息含量为0.551,研究为高原鼢鼠的微卫星标记应用奠定了基础。     

青海高原牦牛遗传多样性研究

以中心产区简单随机抽样在青海省西宁市共抽取青海高原牦牛76头,用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）和水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术检测21个编码血液蛋白（酶）结构基因座及12个微卫星位点的多态性,并进行中性检验及连锁不平衡分析。结果表明：在所检测的21个血液蛋白基因座中,有6个存在多型,多态位点百分比为28．57％,12个微卫星位点全部为多态,共检测出63个等位基因;两层次标记所反映的群体内遗传变异水平均较低,21个血液蛋白基因座平均有效等位基因数、观察杂合度、期望杂合度和多态信息含量分别为1．118、0．0665、0．0729和0．0603,12个微卫星位点相应指标分别为2．9005、0．4138、0．5325和0．4903;除Alp外,其余5个血液蛋白多态基因座和12个微卫星位点均为中性基因。除Alp-CA、LDH1-ADH两对血液蛋白基因座和8对微卫星显著（P〈0．05）或极显著（P〈0．01）处于连锁不平衡状态外,其余13对血液蛋白基因座和58对微卫星均处于连锁平衡状态（P〉0．05）;另外,6个血液蛋白多态基因座、12个微卫星位点或是两者的合并数据从群体水平上均处于连锁平衡状态（P〉0．05）。     

Identification of quantitative trait loci for osteoarthritis of hip joints in dogs

OBJECTIVE: To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with osteoarthritis (OA) of hip joints of dogs by use of a whole-genome microsatellite scan. ANIMALS: 116 founder, backcross, F1, and F2 dogs from a crossbred pedigree. PROCEDURES: Necropsy scores and an optimized set of 342 microsatellite markers were used for interval mapping by means of a combined backcross and F2 design module from an online statistical program. Breed and sex were included in the model as fixed effects. Age of dog at necropsy and body weight at 8 months of age were also included in the model as covariates. The chromosomal location at which the highest F score was obtained was considered the best estimate of a QTL position. Chromosome-wide significance thresholds were determined empirically from 10,000 permutations of marker genotypes. RESULTS: 4 chromosomes contained putative QTL for OA of hip joints in dogs at the 5% chromosome-wide significance threshold: chromosomes 5, 18, 23, and 31. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Osteoarthritis of canine hip joints is a complex disease to which many genes and environmental factors contribute. Identification of contributing QTL is a strategy to elucidate the genetic mechanisms that underlie this disease. Refinement of the putative QTL and subsequent candidate gene studies are needed to identify the genes involved in the disease process.     

4个肉牛品种微卫星多态性分析

本研究探讨了引进牛种（西门塔尔牛、利木赞牛）和山东地方黄牛（鲁西黄牛、利鲁牛）在20个微卫星位点上的多态性。试验从不同地区的种公牛站采集鲁西黄牛、利鲁牛、利木赞牛和西门塔尔牛的血液或精液样本,分别为56、27、31和30个,共计144个样本,血液样本采用Lab-Aid基因组DNA分离试剂盒提取基因组DNA,精液样本采用高盐法提取基因组DNA。利用20个微卫星标记,采用荧光标记毛细管电泳方法,对4个肉牛品种的DNA多态性进行分析,主要研究了每个群体的遗传变异指标（等位基因数、多态信息含量和杂合度）及群体间的遗传关系（F-统计量和基因流）。结果表明,肉牛基因组DNA条带整齐,无拖尾现象,质量较好,可用于本试验。20个微卫星座位中共检测到211个等位基因,平均等位基因数为10.6个。群体的平均观测杂合度在0.6147~0.7176之间,平均期望杂合度在0.6735~0.7862之间。在所有群体中各位点的多态信息含量在0.4853~0.8714之间,平均为0.7284,但在各个群体内的差异较大。近交系数及基因流分析结果表明,4个肉牛品种近交系数较低,群体间平均近交系数为0.085,每个微卫星位点的基因流均>1。总体来看,所选用的20个微卫星座位多态信息含量高,可作为有效遗传标记用于肉牛品种间遗传多样性分析。     

陇东绒山羊微卫星DNA遗传多样性的研究

利用9个微卫星座位,8％非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳PCR扩增产物,对120只陇东绒山羊基因组DNA的遗传多样性进行了检测,对其群体遗传学特性进行分析。结果表明：陇东绒山羊在9个微卫星座位中共检测到90个等位基因,其中微卫星座位LSCV24等位基因数最多,为14个;BMS1248多态信息含量最高,PIC为0．88;DB6座位多态信息含量最低,PIC为0．79。在所标记群体中平均有效等位基因数为7．69±1．65个,平均多态信息含量为0．84±0．03;遗传杂合度均值为0．86±0．03,均高于国内外部分研究结果。说明陇东绒山羊品种遗传多样性丰富,群体遗传变异程度高,育种潜力大。     

Genetic variation within and relationships among populations of Asian goats (Capra hircus)

Genetic variation at 59 protein coding loci (16 polymorphic) and 25 microsatellite loci was analysed for 11 indigenous south-east Asian goat populations, and the Australian feral population, to determine the magnitude of genetic differentiation and the genetic relationships among the populations. Significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were detected in one or more populations for eight of the nine protein loci with codominant alleles, and for microsatellites for all except the two Sri Lankan populations and for all but four loci. For both marker types, average inbreeding coefficients ( F _IS) were exceptionally high. Heterogeneity of deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium for the microsatellites showed no differences for among loci within populations as compared with among populations within loci. For protein loci, however, the former was higher, indicating selection affecting allele frequencies at some loci. The variance among protein loci was significantly higher than among microsatellite loci, further indicating selection at some protein loci. There was significant differentiation among populations for both protein and microsatellite loci, most likely reflecting the geography of south-east Asia, and the presumed spread of goats throughout the region. Phylogenies derived from pair-wise genetic distance estimates show some similar clustering for the microsatellite and protein based trees, but bootstrap support was generally low for both. A phylogeny based on the combined set of 38 protein and microsatellite loci showed better consistency with geography and higher bootstrap values. The genetic distance phylogeny and the Weitzman diversity tree derived from microsatellite data showed some identical clusters, and both identified the Ujung Pandang and Australia populations as contributing most to overall genetic diversity.     

Assessment of two tests for the diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism

The low-dose dexamethasone suppression test and the urinary corticoid/creatinine ratio were assessed in 166 and 150 dogs, respectively, for their value in the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism. The diagnostic accuracy of the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test was 0.83, with a 95 per cent confidence interval from 0.76 to 0.88. The urinary corticoid/creatinine ratio had a diagnostic accuracy of 0.91 with a 95 per cent confidence interval from 0.85 to 0.95. The high predictive value of a negative corticoid/creatinine ratio (0.98; confidence interval 0.80 to 1.00) and the low cost of this test makes it preferable for screening purposes to the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test for which the predictive value of a negative test was calculated as 0.5g (confidence interval 0.43 to 0.73).     

辽宁新品系绒山羊微卫星标记与经济性状相关性的研究

为了在生产实践中进行多目标性状的选育,本研究利用微卫星标记技术对辽宁新品系绒山羊所有染色体(29条)上125个微卫星位点进行了研究,分析了体质量、绒产量和绒细度3个经济性状与标记基因型的关系。结果表明,除BM1312等10个为单态外,其余111个呈高度多态(PIC>0.5),4个呈中度多态(0.25相似文献   

Serial thyroid hormone concentrations in healthy euthyroid dogs, dogs with hypothyroidism, and euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis.

Serum thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were determined every 3 h for 12 h beginning at 8 a.m. in 20 healthy euthyroid dogs, 19 dogs with hypothyroidism, and 18 euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis. Status of thyroid function was based on history, physical findings, results of thyrotropin response testing, and requirement for thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Mean serum T4 and T3 concentrations did not vary significantly between blood samplings within each of the three groups of dogs. Between groups of dogs, mean serum T4 concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher at each blood sampling time in healthy euthyroid dogs and euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis when compared to dogs with hypothyroidism. There was no significant difference in mean serum T4 concentration at any blood sampling time between healthy euthyroid dogs and euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis or in mean serum T3 concentrations at any blood sampling time between any of the three groups of dogs. Random fluctuation in serum T4 and T3 concentrations was found in dogs in all three groups. Random fluctuations were more common with serum T3 versus T4 concentrations. Consequently, sensitivity (0.88 versus 0.52), specificity (0.73 versus 0.45), predictive value for a positive test (0.75 versus 0.32), predictive value for a negative test (0.87 versus 0.65), and accuracy (0.80 versus 0.47) were better for serum T4 concentration than serum T3 concentration, respectively, when all blood samples were analysed. Measurement of serum T4 concentration was more accurate than serum T3 concentration in assessing the status of thyroid gland function.     

新疆塔里木马鹿遗传多样性的微卫星分析

利用5个微卫星标记对新疆塔里木马鹿遗传多样性进行了检测。统计了塔里木马鹿3个群体的等位基因组成、平均有效等位基因数(E)和平均基因纯合率(Rh),利用等位基因频率计算出各群体的平均遗传杂合度(h)、多态信息含量(PIC)。结果表明5个微卫星位点在库尔勒、阿拉尔和沙雅县塔里木马鹿3个群体的平均多态信息含量分别为0.5884、0.5754、0.5344,除微卫星位点BM5004外均为高度多态,可作为有效的遗传标记用于塔里木马鹿遗传多样性分析;塔里木马鹿三个群体总平均PIC、h、Rh和E分别为:0.5661、0.5995、0.4474和2.7。分析认为塔里木马鹿遗传变异度较高,遗传多样性相对丰富,具有较大的遗传潜力。     

微卫星DNA在牦牛亲权鉴定中的应用研究

为了探讨微卫星DNA在牦牛亲权鉴定应用的可行性,选用FAO推荐的17个微卫星座位,检测其在天祝白牦牛群体中的多态性水平,计算这17个微卫星座位用于亲权鉴定的累积排除率。结果表明,17个微卫星座位平均等位基因数为6.235;多态信息含量介于0.191~0.824之间,平均为0.608,为高度多态;一个候选亲本的累积排除概率为0.997,2个候选亲本的累积排除概率为0.999 999 97,各个微卫星座位零等位基因频率均在0.05以下,微卫星DNA可以应用于牦牛的亲权鉴定。     

利用微卫星标记研究贵州矮马和伊犁马的遗传多样性

试验通过9个微卫星座位对贵州矮马和伊犁马2个品种共84匹马进行了遗传多样性检测,以8%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离PCR扩增产物,并用银染法显色,计算各微卫星位点的等位基因频率、有效等位基因数(Ne)、杂合度(H)和多态信息含量(PIC)。结果表明,9个微卫星座位中COR059检出的变异最大,AHT040的变异最小;伊犁马的Ne、H和PIC的平均值高于贵州矮马;2个群体的平均遗传分化系数为0.041。说明2个品种都有丰富的遗传多样性,贵州矮马的基因较伊犁马更为纯合。     

Analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of red deer subspecies in XinJiang,China

Polymorphisms for seven microsatellite loci in three red deer subspecies (9 populations) found in XinJiang were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 12% nondenaturation polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the Sanguinetti silver staining method. Numbers of alleles, average effective numbers of alleles (E) and the average rate of homozygosity, allelic frequencies of seven microsatellite loci, polymorphism information content (PIC), mean heterozygosity (H) and genetic distances among the populations were calculated for each population. Dendrograms were constructed based on genetic distances by the neighbor‐joining method (NJ), utilizing molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software PHYLIP (3.6). The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on allelic frequencies using maximum likelihood (ML); the bootstrap value was estimated by bootstrap test in the tree. Lastly, phylogenesis was analyzed. The results showed that four of the seven microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, but BMS2508 and Celjp0023 showed no polymorphism and BM5004 was a neutral polymorphism. It is our conclusion that the four microsatellite loci are effective DNA markers for the analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among the three red deer subspecies. The mean PIC, H and E‐values across the microsatellite loci were 0.5393, 0.5736 and 2.64, which showed that these microsatellite loci are effective DNA markers for the genetic analysis of red deer. C.e. songaricus populations from Regiment 104, 151 and Hami are clustered together. C.e. yarkandensis populations from Regiment 35, Xaya and Alaer are clustered together. These two clusters also cluster together. Lastly, C.e. sibiricus populations from Burqin, Regiment 188 and the first two clusters were clustered together. The phylogenetic relationship among different red deer populations is consistent with the known origin, history of breeding and geographic distributions of populations.     

东方白鹳微卫星遗传标记的筛选及其在种群遗传分析中的应用

东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)是分布于东亚的大型濒危涉禽,亟待深入开展其种群的保护遗传学研究.本研究采用微卫星标记技术筛选东方白鹤的微卫星位点,并进行种群的遗传多样性分析.所用的36对微卫星引物7对来自白鹳(Ciconia ciconia),12对来自朱鹮(Nipponia nippon),17对来自大蓝...     

太湖鸡资源群体遗传变异的检测

应用微卫星标记对江苏省无锡市祖代鸡场有限公司太湖鸡的保种群体进行了遗传变异的分析,计算了群体的杂和度(H)和多态信息含量(PIC)。研究结果表明:30个微卫星标记在太湖鸡保种群体的杂和度为0.504～0.858之间,平均杂和度为0.688,群体的遗传多样性丰富;其中24个微卫星标记在太湖鸡中多态信息含量为高度多态,可作为有效遗传标记用于太湖鸡保种群的遗传分析,而且各座位杂和度的高低与PIC值的大小体现了较高的一致性。本研究结果为太湖鸡开发利用研究提供了基础,也为太湖鸡的合理保护提供了科学根据。     

Canine Haematopoietic Chimerism Analyses by Semiquantitative Fluorescence Detection of Variable Number of Tandem Repeat Polymorphism

Canine models are successfully applied to the study of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Monitoring of haematopoietic donor/recipient chimerism is of major significance in detecting and quantifying engraftment or graft rejection of the donor-derived haematopoietic cells after transplantation. Radioactive analyses of polymorphic microsatellite markers are commonly used for chimerism analyses. We describe an improved, non-isotopic method that is based on the analysis of microsatellite markers in donor and recipient cells using capillary electrophoresis and fluorescence detection. Artificial mixtures of donor and recipient DNA that were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from dog leukocyte antigen-identical siblings were used to analyse the sensitivity of the assay. DNA from dogs that had received HSCT were also analysed in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the method in vivo. For chimerism analyses, six different microsatellite loci were systematically amplified using fluorescent PCR primer. The fluorescent polymerase chain reaction products were separated by capillary electrophoresis using POP4 on a 310 ABI Prism Genetic Analyzer. After electrophoresis, fluorescence signals were automatically sized and quantified using GeneScan software. The method described provides an accurate assessment of haematopoietic chimerism in the canine model with significantly reduced hands-on time compared to conventional gel electrophoresis.     

四川常羽乌骨鸡群体遗传多样性分析

利用选自家禽基因组的10个微卫星标记,对四川常羽乌骨鸡5个群体(四川山地乌骨鸡白羽系、黑羽系;黄忠山地乌骨鸡;黄忠山地乌骨鸡绿壳蛋系;草科乌骨鸡)的遗传多样性进行了检测,计算了各群体的群体杂合度、群体间遗传距离,并根据遗传距离进行了聚类分析。结果表明所选择的微卫星标记在各群体中表现出较高的多态性;四川5个乌骨鸡群体遗传多样性比较丰富,群体平均杂合度为0.5383到0.6659;各群体间的遗传距离有一定的差异;聚类分析将5个群体聚为三类。