一例牛病毒性腹泻病毒与大肠杆菌混合感染的实验室诊断

为查明贵阳市某养牛场犊牛发病死亡的病因,采集2头病死犊牛的病料进行细菌分离培养鉴定、药敏试验,以及牛支原体、病毒性腹泻病毒核酸检测.结果:分离细菌为革兰氏阴性短杆菌,16S rDNA测序分析鉴定为大肠杆菌,药敏试验显示其对硫酸安普霉素、硫酸粘菌素高度敏感;牛病毒性腹泻病毒核酸检测为阳性,牛支原体核酸检测为阴性.结论:诊...     

猪感染牛病毒性腹泻病毒的诊断

牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)除可感染牛外,还可以感染猪、绵羊、山羊、鹿及野生动物。猪感染BVDV后会出现类似慢性猪瘟的临床症状和病理变化。本文通过对猪场发病猪进行临床及实验室诊断,最终确定由牛病毒性腹泻病毒感染所致,建议加强对该病的综合防控。     

吉林省牛病毒性腹泻病毒与牛肠道病毒混合感染的流行病学调查

应用检测牛病毒性腹泻病毒(bovine viral diarrhea virus, BVDV)与牛肠道病毒(bovine enterovirus, BEV)抗原的双抗体夹心ELISA试剂盒,分别对2019-2020年采集于吉林省5个地区的738份粪便样品进行检测,并以PCR和免疫荧光试验对部分样品进行了确证。结果显示,吉林省不同地区、不同年龄及不同品种的牛群均存在BVDV与BEV混合感染,其中,BVDV感染率为10.26%～42.65%,BEV感染率为8.33%～20.83%,2种病毒的混合感染率为3.42%～14.71%。对不同品种牛群BVDV与BEV混合感染的检测结果显示,荷斯坦牛混合感染率为13.04%、西门塔尔牛为7.84%、延边牛为3.65%、利木赞及其他牛群为3.42%。检测不同年龄牛群混合感染的结果显示,各个年龄牛群均存在不同程度的BVDV与BEV混合感染,其中,成年牛群混合感染率高达57.63%,犊牛混合感染率为3.39%。PCR和免疫荧光试验检测结果显示,在BVDV与BEV混合感染的样品中均可同时扩增出或检测出BVDV与BEV的混合感染。本研究首次揭示出吉林省牛群的B...     

一起猪瘟与牛病毒性腹泻混合感染猪的报道

猪瘟病毒 ( HCV)和牛病毒性腹泻病毒( BVDV)同属黄病毒科瘟病毒属成员。猪瘟是我国猪的最重要传染病之一。近些年来 ,其流行特点出现新的变化 ,以温和型、母猪繁殖障碍及新生仔猪死亡的猪瘟为多见 ,常发生于“免疫”猪群 ,呈现免疫失败现象。牛病毒性腹泻病毒除了引起牛发生黏膜性腹泻外 ,还可引起羊、鹿、猪及许多野生动物感染。一般情况下 ,猪感染 BVDV不表现牛病毒性腹泻的临床症状而呈现亚临床感染 ,其症状和病理变化类似温和型猪瘟。我国自 1 981— 1 987年在全国 2 9个省市共查出阳性牛血清 8万多头份 ,表明 BVDV已遍及全国。因…     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒在野生动物中的感染

牛病毒性腹泻病是危害养牛业的一个非常重要的疾病,给养牛业造成较大的经济损失。引起该疾病的病毒除感染牛外,还可以感染野生动物。本文就牛病毒性腹泻病毒感染野生动物的临床表现和病毒分离、血清学变化、基因型变化以及病毒在牛宿主与非牛宿主之间的传播等方面的研究进展进行综述。     

鉴别牛病毒性腹泻病毒和猪瘟病毒的复合PCR方法及其应用

以牛病毒性腹泻病毒 (BVDV)特异引物 P1/ P3扩增 BVDV标准毒株及以猪瘟病毒 (HCV)特异引物 P2 / P3扩增HCV阳性病料 ,分别扩增出 32 6 bp和 2 5 2 bp的特异片段 ;以 P1、P2、P3扩增 BVDV和 HCV人工混合感染样品 ,扩增出大小为 32 6 bp和 2 5 2 bp的 2条片段 ,建立了特异的一步检测 BVDV和 HCV的复合 PCR方法。以建立的复合 PCR方法检测 BVDV分离株 ,都扩增出 1条 32 6 bp的特异片段 ;从吉林等地送检的病料和猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗中扩增出一2 5 2 bp的特异片段 ,从长岭地区的疑似猪瘟病猪的血清病料中 ,同时扩增出 32 6 bp和 2 5 2 bp的核酸片段 ,表明长岭某猪场流行的“猪瘟”为 BVDV和 HCV混合感染。本研究为进行 HCV和 BVDV的鉴别诊断与流行病学调查提供了有效的方法。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒RT-PCR诊断方法的建立

根据已发表的牛病毒性腹泻病毒株的基因序列,分析合成了一对扩增跨幅为190bp左右的引物,对牛病毒性腹泻病基因I型或基因II型的毒株进行RT-PCR扩增,结果是取得了与预期大小一致的RT-PCR产物,而对照样品的扩增全为阴性;该方法最低可检测到0.10ng的牛病毒性腹泻病毒RNA。     

一起犊牛病毒性腹泻病毒与轮状病毒混合感染的诊治

犊牛腹泻是犊牛的常见病、多发病,多见于出生后几天的犊牛。临床上以腹泻、脱水、电解质失衡为特征。发病率为60%~90%,死亡率有时高达100%。2006年9月济南周边一规模牛场3~6月龄犊牛发生急性腹泻,50多头犊牛发病,死亡3头,送检腹泻病料6份,血液样本2份,结合临床症状经实验室检验     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒人工感染家兔试验

采用耳静脉注射方式,成功地将牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)OregonC24标准毒株感染家兔。接种6h后,家兔体温均有不同程度的升高;再过6h后,体温恢复至正常。此后,家兔体温一直处于正常状态。于攻毒第7天处死,无菌采取脾脏,Reed-Muench法测定其毒价为101.67TCID50/mL,表明家兔对BVDV毒力具有减弱作用;通过剖检和临床观察,BVDV对家兔无致病性表现。     

Investigation of persistent infection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in Holstein dairy cows

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The aim of this study was to investigate the persistent infection (PI) of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) along with its coexistence between BVDV antibody...     

Viral and viral protein specificity of antibodies induced in cows persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus after vaccination with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus

Neutralizing and nonneutralizing antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus were detected in 3 cows persistently infected with noncytopathic BVD virus after vaccination with modified-live cytopathic BVD virus. Neutralizing antibodies detected in serum samples from each persistently infected cow at 3 weeks after vaccination were highly specific for certain isolates of cytopathic BVD virus and reacted only with a viral protein with a molecular weight of 53,000. Neutralizing antibodies to 1 of 3 isolates of noncytopathic BVD virus were detected in a serum sample obtained at 12 weeks after vaccination from 1 of 3 persistently infected cows. Nonneutralizing antibodies were detected in all cows at 7 to 12 weeks after vaccination. The nonneutralizing antibodies were less specific for isolates of BVD virus and reacted with viral proteins with molecular weights of 115,000, 80,000, 53,000, and 47,000.     

Laboratory diagnosis of bovine viral diarrhea virus infections.

The past 20 years have witnessed dramatic improvements in laboratory methods for diagnosing bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV) infections. However, improvements in diagnostic technology have not necessarily led to improved diagnosis of BVDV at the individual animal or herd level. This article reviews BVDV laboratory diagnostic methods in the context of their rational application for improved detection of BVDV in the field.     

Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy cattle herds in eastern China

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a worldwide spreading pestivirus affecting cattle and other ruminants; however, there have been few reports on...     

牛病毒性腹泻病病毒荧光定量PCR检测体系的建立与评价

基于实时荧光定量PCR技术建立了一种有效地检测牛病毒性腹泻病病毒(Bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV)核酸的方法.对BVDV基因组进行同源比对,选取5'UTR区作为扩增目的区,经软件分析后设计特异扩增引物,扩增片段长度为203 bp.选用SYBR染料作为扩增时信号指示剂,经扩增曲线分析表明,建立的方法可有效地检测BVDV.检测体系可检测到10~2 copies/μL的样品拷贝数.故本研究建立的BVDV实时定量检测体系可用于易感动物,牛源血液生物制品及其他可能感染或污染BVDV样品的检测.     

Prevaccination bovine viral diarrhea virus titers and subsequent reproductive performance in dairy heifers.

The study was conducted to determine if there was a relationship between prevaccination bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) titers in 14 month-old dairy heifers and time open during first lactation, length of the conception interval, fetal survival during the second pregnancy, and age at culling. Possible associations were analyzed using nonparametric survival methods and survival distributions were described using the product-limit (Kaplan Meier) methods. Regression analysis was used to estimate the correlation between pre- and postvaccination BVDV titers three years after vaccination. Evidence of exposure to BVDV prior to 14 months of age was demonstrated by serum-virus-neutralization titers greater than 1:4 for 97% and greater than or equal to 1:128 for 67% of the 72 heifers followed. No correlation was found for 38 pairs of prevaccination and postvaccination titers (p = 0.76). The risk of being culled was high for heifers (n = 41) with very low (1:2-1:8) or very high (> or = 1:256) titers, but low for heifers (n = 31) with moderate (1:16-1:128) prevaccination titers (p = 0.098). Risk of subsequent fetal loss was high for heifers (n = 30) with very low (1:2-1:16) or very high (> or = 1:256) prevaccination titers, compared to heifers (n = 24) with moderate (1:32-1:128) titers (p = 0.084). These findings suggest that prevaccination exposure to BVDV eliciting either a very weak or a very strong serological response may contribute to subsequent reproductive inefficiency and an increased risk of culling.     

Safety of a temperature-sensitive vaccine strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus in pregnant cows

Safety tests were conducted in 78 pregnant cows vaccinated with a commercial preparation of a temperature-sensitive vaccine strain of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus. After vaccination, seroconversion was detected in 33 (97%) of 34 cattle that did not have antibodies against BVD virus. Overall, 43 (91%) of 47 cows with prevaccination titers less than or equal to 4 seroconverted. During the test period, cows did not become naturally infected with BVD virus, and BVD-associated reactions to the vaccine were not observed in vaccinated cows. Calves born to vaccinated cows did not have clinical signs of fetal BVD. Precolostral blood samples collected from the progeny of cows that were seronegative at vaccination were free of antibody against BVD virus. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was not isolated from the cattle evaluated in the present study.     

Prevalence of Neospora caninum and bovine viral diarrhoea virus in dairy cows in Southern Vietnam

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Neospora caninum and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in some dairy herds in Southern Vietnam, and to ascertain whether there were differences in seroprevalences between herds with imported and locally bred cows. Serum samples collected on five state farms and 97 smallholder herds were analysed for the presence of antibodies to N. caninum and BVDV. All BVDV antibody-negative sera were further tested by antigen-ELISA in order to identify persistently infected individuals. The N. caninum prevalence varied between 16% and 53% in the state herds, and was higher in the four herds that had imported cows than in the herd that only had locally bred cows. Nineteen percent of the samples collected on smallholder farms, which all had only locally bred cows, had antibodies to N. caninum. The BVDV seroprevalence varied between 58% and 93% on the state farms. In smallholder herds, the prevalence of BVDV among the sampled cows was 18% and even lower on the state farms. Despite the high seroprevalence for BVDV in the state herds, no persistently BVDV infected cows were found. Given the high prevalence for Neospora and BVDV among herds with imported cows, it seems advisable to test for both infections before cattle are imported into the country.     

Identification and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus in a persistently infected dairy herd.

A milking herd consisting of 55 Holstein cows had experienced abortions in several cows, as well as congenital malformations in 1 newborn calf. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from blood mononuclear cell samples obtained from several cattle, documenting 1 acute infection and 8 persistently infected carriers identified by clinical appearance and laboratory testing. Initial suspicion of persistently infected status in some, but not all animals, was facilitated by poor growth rates in some calves. Virus isolation was performed on transtracheal wash fluid obtained from acutely and persistently infected cattle with respiratory tract infection. We describe the measures taken to identify and characterize the infecting virus strain, and the series of actions taken to identify and eliminate persistently infected carriers in a herd experiencing several related problems that were shown to be caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus.