ABP1参与BY2细胞生长素响应的Ca2+信号转导过程

将Ca2+响应实时荧光报告系统引入雌二醇诱导生长素结合蛋白(ABP1)调控表达的BY2细胞中,获得了 ABP1过表达(ABP1-ox)、抑制表达(ABP1-anti)同时对Ca2+标记的几个BY2细胞株.对这些细胞株进行雌二醇诱导调控其ABP1过表达或抑制表达后,分析ABP1的表达量,并通过在细胞外添加IAA处理,实时...     

Ca2+参与异三聚体G蛋白调控的拟南芥侧根生长发育过程

以拟南芥的野生型(ws)、异三聚体G蛋白α亚基基因GPA1缺失突变体(gpα1-1、gpα1-2)和超表达突变体(wGα、cGα)为材料,在舍有不同质量浓度(0～0.2mg/L)NAA的培养基内,添加常用的钙通道抑制剂,对拟南芥侧根生长发育的形态进行了观测.结果表明:1)在不含Ca2 的培养基内,5种基因型侧根生长发育的差异显著性明显降低.2)在含有电压依赖型钙通道有机抑制剂(异搏定和地而流卓)的培养基内,5种基因型侧根的生长发育与未施加抑制剂的差异显著性一致.3)在舍有不同浓度的3价无机离子的培养基内,5种基因型侧根的生长发育与未施加抑制剂的差异显著性不一致.初步表明了在NAA诱导的拟南芥侧根生长发育过程中Ca2 可能是G蛋白的下游信号.     

CRACM1 is a plasma membrane protein essential for store-operated Ca2+ entry

Store-operated Ca2+ entry is mediated by Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels following Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. We performed a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen in Drosophila cells to identify proteins that inhibit store-operated Ca2+ influx. A secondary patch-clamp screen identified CRACM1 and CRACM2 (CRAC modulators 1 and 2) as modulators of Drosophila CRAC currents. We characterized the human ortholog of CRACM1, a plasma membrane-resident protein encoded by gene FLJ14466. Although overexpression of CRACM1 did not affect CRAC currents, RNAi-mediated knockdown disrupted its activation. CRACM1 could be the CRAC channel itself, a subunit of it, or a component of the CRAC signaling machinery.     

Coupling diurnal cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations to the CAS-IP3 pathway in Arabidopsis

Various signaling pathways rely on changes in cytosolic calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i). In plants, resting [Ca2+]i oscillates diurnally. We show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, [Ca2+]i oscillations are synchronized to extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) oscillations largely through the Ca2+-sensing receptor CAS. CAS regulates concentrations of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which in turn directs release of Ca2+ from internal stores. The oscillating amplitudes of [Ca2+]o and [Ca2+]i are controlled by soil Ca2+ concentrations and transpiration rates. The phase and period of oscillations are likely determined by stomatal conductance. Thus, the internal concentration of Ca2+ in plant cells is constantly being actively revised.     

Ca2+ and Ca2+-activated K+ currents in mammalian gastric smooth muscle cells

Inward movement of calcium through voltage-dependent channels in muscle is thought to initiate the action potential and trigger contraction. Calcium-activated potassium channels carry large outward potassium currents that may be responsible for membrane repolarization. Calcium and calcium-activated potassium currents were identified in enzymatically isolated mammalian gastric myocytes. These currents were blocked by cadmium and nifedipine but were not substantially affected by diltiazem or D600. No evidence for a tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current or an inwardly rectifying potassium current was found.     

钙-钙调素调节拟南芥热激基因的表达

用转AtHSP1 8 2 promoter/GUS基因的转基因拟南芥为材料 ,体内 (invivo)实验证明钙 钙调素调节热激基因的表达。结果表明 ,无论在热激还是非热激条件下 ,CaCl2 处理都能提高转基因拟南芥的β 葡萄糖苷酸酶 (GUS)的活性 ,而钙离子螯合剂EGTA、钙离子通道阻断剂LaCl3和异博定、钙调素拮抗剂W 7、氯丙嗪 (CPZ)和三氟拉嗪 (TFP)的处理均使 β 葡萄糖苷酸酶的活性下降。     

The Role of Extracellular Ca2+Influx, Intracellular Ca2+ Release and Calmodulin in Mouse Egg Fertilization

The effects of various Ca^2 -modifying drugs on moue egg fertilization were studied.Ca^2 chelator,ethylen glycol-bis-(2-aminoethyl)-tetracetic acid(EGTA),and calmodulin(CaM) antagonist,trifluoperzaine (TFP),inhibited fertilization in a dose-dependent manner,whild Ca^2 channel bolcker,verspamil,did not have any effect.When intracellular Ca^2 release was blocked by 8-(N,N-diethylamino) octy 1-3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzonate(TME-8) or the Ca^2 oscillations were inhibited by an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca^2 -At-Pase,thapsigargin,the second polar body emission and pronuclear formation were significantly decreased.In contrast,inhibition of intracellular Ca^2 release via bolckage of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) production by neomycin or lithium did not affect fertilization.The results sugest that both extracellular influx,intracellular Ca^2 release and CaM activation are required for mormal fertilization.However,extracellular influx through voltage-gated Ca^2 channel and intracellular release induced by IP3 and not the only pathways for producing Ca^2 transients in moue eggs.     

SPA1, a WD-repeat protein specific to phytochrome A signal transduction

The five members of the phytochrome photoreceptor family of Arabidopsis thaliana control morphogenesis differentially in response to light. Genetic analysis has identified a signaling pathway that is specifically activated by phytochrome A. A component in this pathway, SPA1 (for "suppressor of phyA-105"), functions in repression of photomorphogenesis and is required for normal photosensory specificity of phytochrome A. Molecular cloning of the SPA1 gene indicates that SPA1 is a WD (tryptophan-aspartic acid)-repeat protein that also shares sequence similarity with protein kinases. SPA1 can localize to the nucleus, suggesting a possible function in phytochrome A-specific regulation of gene expression.     

草莓果实成熟衰老与Ca~(2+)、CaM、Ca~(2+)-ATPase和活性氧代谢的关系

 研究了春星草莓果实成熟衰老过程中Ca2 + 、CaM含量、Ca2 + ATPase活性和活性氧代谢的变化 ,结果表明 ,随果实成熟衰老 ,可溶性Ca2 + 含量和SOD活性呈下降趋势 ,O2-·产生速率呈升高趋势 ,Ca2 + ATPase活性先达到高峰后降低。CaM含量以采前白熟期和采后明显衰老期为最高。与常温 (2 5℃ )贮藏相比 ,低温 (4℃ )贮藏中上述生化变化较为缓慢。表明细胞内钙信使系统的活化和活性氧自由基的积累与果实成熟衰老密切相关。     

The Maturation and Senescence in Relation to Ca2+ , CaM Content and Ca2+ -ATPase Activity and Active Oxygen Metabolism in Strawberry Fruits

The changes in content of Ca2 + and CaM, Ca2 + -ATPase activity and active oxygen metabolism during strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch. cv. Chunxing) fruits maturation and senescence were investigated in this study. The results showed that the soluble Ca2 + content and SOD activity in fruits tended to decline and O2.-production rate to increase, the Ca2+ -ATPase activity peaked at first and then declined during fruits maturation and senescence. There were the highest CaM content at white stage in preharvest fruits and at marked senescence stage in postharvest ones. The above biochemical changes in fruits stored at low temperature (4℃) were slower than those stored at normal temperature(25℃ ). Thus, it indicated that the stimulation of calcium messenger system and accumulation of active oxygen free radical were closely related to fruits maturation and senescence.     

Na+,K+,Mg2+,Ca2+浓度对嗜盐放线菌生长的影响

通过研究近30株嗜盐或耐盐放线菌在不同浓度的Na^＋，K^＋，M^2＋，Ca^2＋条件下的生长范围，发现耐盐放线菌对Na^＋，K^＋，M^2＋有广泛的适应性。只有少数耐盐放线菌能在较底浓度的CaCl2条件下生长；多数嗜盐放线菌生长所需的Na^＋可被K^＋，Mg^2＋所替代，而不能被Ca^2＋所替代，少数嗜盐放线菌的生长离不开Na^＋，对Na^＋有高度的专一性。因此，提出自然环境中是否也存在类似的专嗜K^＋或专嗜Mg^2＋的嗜盐放线菌的推测。     

Localization and mobility of omega-conotoxin-sensitive Ca2+ channels in hippocampal CA1 neurons

Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) are modulators of synaptic plasticity, oscillatory behavior, and rhythmic firing in brain regions such as the hippocampus. The distribution and lateral mobility of VDCCs on CA1 hippocampal neurons have been determined with biologically active fluorescent and biotinylated derivatives of the selective probe omega-conotoxin in conjunction with circular dityndallism, digital fluorescence imaging, and photobleach recovery microscopy. On noninnervated cell bodies, VDCCs were found to be organized in multiple clusters, whereas after innervation the VDCCs were concentrated and immobilized at synaptic contact sites. On dendrites, VDCC distribution was punctate and was interrupted by extensive bare regions or abruptly terminated. More than 85% of the dendritic VDCCs were found to be immobile by fluorescence photobleach recovery. Thus, before synaptic contact, specific mechanisms target, segregate, and immobilize VDCCs to neuronal cell bodies and to specialized dendritic sites. Regulation of this distribution may be critical in determining the firing activity and integrative properties of hippocampal CA1 neurons.     

A putative Ca2+ and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase required for bacterial and fungal symbioses

Legumes can enter into symbiotic relationships with both nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) and mycorrhizal fungi. Nodulation by rhizobia results from a signal transduction pathway induced in legume roots by rhizobial Nod factors. DMI3, a Medicago truncatula gene that acts immediately downstream of calcium spiking in this signaling pathway and is required for both nodulation and mycorrhizal infection, has high sequence similarity to genes encoding calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CCaMKs). This indicates that calcium spiking is likely an essential component of the signaling cascade leading to nodule development and mycorrhizal infection, and sheds light on the biological role of plant CCaMKs.     

Ca2+参与硝普钠(SNP)对干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片NO水平的调控

研究干旱胁迫下外源一氧化氮(NO)供体硝普钠(SNP)处理对小麦幼苗叶片NO水平的影响及其与Ca2+的关系.在15%PEG-6000胁迫下测定NO含量和NO合成酶活性,结果表明,干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性显著增加,且钙依赖型cNoS(CaM的组成型NOS)快速调控NO产生,但是随着胁迫时间的延长,不依赖钙iNOS(CaM的诱导型NOS)的活性在NOS活性比例缓慢增加,而硝酸还原酶(NR)产生NO的能力只占总NR提取物活性的很小一部分;0.1 mmol/L SNP处理可显著提高干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片NOS和NR活性,诱导NO水平提高,显著缓解膜脂过氧化;用质膜Ca2+通道抑制剂LaCl3与SNP共处理,显著减弱或抵消SNP促进NO合成作用.SNP显著提高干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片NO合成酶活性和NO含量,有效缓解膜的氧化损伤,而Ca2+参与SNP对干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片NO水平的调控.     

肉鸡腹水综合征患鸡肺脏组织钙沉积和Ca2＋-ATPase活性变化

肺动脉收缩和重塑在肉鸡AS发生过程中起着重要作用.本实验经采用右心导管法研究发现AS患鸡PASP 、PADP和mPAP极显著高于对照组(P <0.01).同时,采用焦锑酸钾沉淀法、电镜酶细胞化学法研究AS患鸡肺脏组织Ca2+和Ca2+-ATPase活性变化,发现AS患鸡肺脏组织中钙沉积量显著增多,且Ca2+-ATPase的电子密度颗粒显著减少或缺失.表明AS患鸡具有明显的肺动脉高压,其可能与肺脏组织,特别是肺动脉平滑肌细胞钙处理能力异常导致的钙离子浓度升高和肌浆网Ca2+-ATPase酶活性降低有关.     

铁·镁·钙元素对白腐真菌生长及降解石油的影响

[目的]探讨黄孢原毛平革菌的生长及对石油的降解能力的优化条件。[方法]选用白腐真菌的典型菌种——黄孢原毛平革菌作为降解菌,研究其生长及对石油的降解性能,以不同浓度的Fe、Mg、Ca元素作为研究对象,在筛选单因素最佳水平的基础上,设计L9(33)正交表进行正交试验,对各因素的重要性及其最优水平进行分析。[结果]单因素试验表明,体系中添加Fe、Mg、Ca元素对白腐真菌的生长及其对石油的降解能力有较大的影响。正交试验结果表明,3种元素对P.C.菌降解石油的影响大小依次为Fe2+Ca2+Mg2+;溶液中铁、镁、钙元素的最佳组合为0.008 g/L的Fe2+、0.8 g/L的Mg2+、1.5 g/L的Ca2+,该条件下10 d后白腐真菌对石油的降解率为70.9%。[结论]该研究为探索白腐真菌的生长及其对石油降解能力的优化提供了科学依据。     

家蚕性信息素腺体肌质网膜Ca2+-ATP酶基因的分子鉴定

对肌质/内质网膜Ca2+-ATPase(Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase,SERCA)基因在家蚕雌虫性信息素腺体内的分子特性进行了研究.结果表明,羽化当天该基因在性信息素腺体内的表达量最高.组织表达模式发现,该基因在性信息素腺体、头、体壁、脂肪体、飞行肌、卵等组织中均有表达,但在卵中的表达量相对较低,在中肠中不表达.断头后SERCA基因的表达仍然呈现上升趋势,说明该基因的表达是时间依赖型的,但与正常发育的雌虫相比,断头明显抑制了SERCA基因的表达,保幼激素也明显抑制了该基因的表达.     

Abnormal coronary function in mice deficient in alpha1H T-type Ca2+ channels

Calcium ion (Ca2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels is important for the regulation of vascular tone. Activation of L-type Ca2+ channels initiates muscle contraction; however, the role of T-type Ca2+ channels (T-channels) is not clear. We show that mice deficient in the alpha1H T-type Ca2+ channel (alpha(1)3.2-null) have constitutively constricted coronary arterioles and focal myocardial fibrosis. Coronary arteries isolated from alpha(1)3.2-null arteries showed normal contractile responses, but reduced relaxation in response to acetylcholine and nitroprusside. Furthermore, acute blockade of T-channels with Ni2+ prevented relaxation of wild-type coronary arteries. Thus, Ca2+ influx through alpha1H T-type Ca2+ channels is essential for normal relaxation of coronary arteries.     

抗病毒剂VA诱导烟草对TMV的抗性与Ca2+的关系

以枯斑三生烟为材料,抗病毒剂VA为诱导剂,用细胞化学沉淀法测定了VA对烟草叶片细胞中Ca^2 分布的影响,并探讨了Ca^2 在植物诱导抗病性中的作用。结果发现,枯斑三生烟健叶中的Ca^2 主要分布于细胞间隙和液泡,喷施VA可以增加健叶细胞间隙中的Ca^2 。接种TMV后,细胞间隙中的Ca^2 逐渐向细胞内转移,在接种后48h,Ca^2 主要分布于过敏性坏死细胞和近坏死区细胞,远坏死区细胞间隙缺Ca^2 ;以后由于枯斑停止发展,远坏死区细胞逐渐恢复钙稳态,VA TMV处理比水 TMV处理恢复钙稳态快,在接种后72h就可恢复,而水 TMV处理的远坏死区要在接种后96h才恢复钙稳态。     

植物Ca2+信号的研究进展

在植物的生长发育过程中,为了适应环境,调节自身代谢和生长,需要对各种外界环境刺激以及植物内部生理信息做出反应,因此,植物产生了自己的信号系统。Ca2 作为一种信号分子在植物细胞信号系统中起着举足轻重的作用。针对国内外对植物Ca2 信号的研究情况,综述了Ca2 信号的产生、Ca2 信号参与的各种植物生理过程、Ca2 信号的检测以及其研究的最新进展。