不同鹿胎及胎盘制剂对老年雄性大鼠免疫机能影响的研究

研究了鹿胎及胎盘制剂对老年雄性大鼠免疫器官指数、血清球蛋白含量和巨噬细胞吞噬率及吞噬指数的影响。结果表明,鹿胎及胎盘制剂对老年雄性大鼠胸腺和脾脏指数影响不显著(P>0.05);但提高了老年雄性大鼠血清球蛋白含量,其中鹿胎制剂Ⅰ号组最高,比对照组高出62.64%,与其他各组相比有显著差异(P<0.05);鹿胎制剂Ⅱ号组和人胎盘粉处理组大鼠巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数与对照组相比有极显著提高(P<0.01),说明鹿胎及胎盘制剂对老年雄性大鼠具有提高免疫机能的作用。     

鹿胎制剂及其对老年雌性大鼠血清脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响

以老年雌性大鼠为试验动物,研究了16个鹿胎制剂组方对老年大鼠血清脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:鹿胎制剂能显著降低大鼠血清MDA含量(P<0.01)。大鼠血清SOD活性提高了17.78%(P<0.05);说明鹿胎制剂具有不同程度抗脂质过氧化作用。从抗脂质过氧化作用效果看,鹿胎制剂组方,鹿胎粉、西洋参、中药C、中药D和蜂花粉的最佳配比为40∶5∶0.9∶2∶16。     

鹿胎制剂及其对老年雌性大鼠免疫机能影响的研究

以老年雌性大鼠为试验动物,研究了16 个鹿胎制剂组方对老年雌性大鼠免疫机能的影响。结果表明,鹿胎制剂能明显增加大鼠胸腺、脾脏指数(P<0.05,P<0.01)。提高了大鼠血清球蛋白含量(P<0.01);对外周血T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。从免疫增强效果看,鹿胎制剂组方鹿胎粉、西洋参、中药C、中药D和蜂花粉的最佳配比为200∶15∶6∶20∶60。     

鹿胎制剂对老年雌性大鼠免疫指标的影响

以老年雌性Wister大鼠为研究对象,研究在正常饮水中添加不同鹿胎制剂对老年雌性大鼠免疫指标的影响。结果表明,在日粮中添加鹿胎制剂可以显著提高老年雌性大鼠血清中总蛋白含量,增强老年雌性大鼠机体免疫力,其中以组方二(鹿胎粉、人参、党参、蜂花粉)效果最佳。     

两种氨基酸分析仪测定饲料氨基酸含量差异的研究

【目的】比较两种氨基酸分析仪(百康30⁺;日立L-8900)测定饲料氨基酸含量的差异,为分析不同仪器间测定的饲料氨基酸含量的可加性提供参考。【方法】采用配对试验设计,比较两种氨基酸分析仪对能量饲料(玉米、糙米、小麦、大麦、稻谷)和蛋白质饲料(豆粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕、玉米蛋白粉、酪蛋白)氨基酸含量测定的差异,以及两种氨基酸分析仪在玉米-豆粕饲粮氨基酸含量测定上的可加性。【结果】百康30⁺测定能量饲料的7种氨基酸(赖氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、组氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸)含量低于日立L-8900(P<0.05),而测定蛋白质饲料的2种氨基酸(谷氨酸、半胱氨酸)含量高于日立L-8900(P<0.05)。但二者相对偏差均在3.0%以内。百康30⁺和日立L-8900测定能量饲料氨基酸含量的差异大于蛋白质饲料,二者能量饲料测定值的比值为94.3%～105.0%,蛋白质饲料测定值的比值为96.6%～102.4%;测定玉米-豆粕饲粮氨基酸含量的实测值分别为计算值的91.4%～107.8%和99.0%～104.3%,且前者对11...     

杂交构树叶的饲用营养价值分析

测定了杂交构树Broussonetia papyrifera叶的常规营养成分、微量元素、氨基酸等,其中粗蛋白为26.05%,钙为3.35%,铁为247.09 mg/kg。与苜蓿Medicago sativa草粉和豆粕相比,粗蛋白含量豆粕＞杂交构树叶＞苜蓿草粉。而中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量则相反。铁、锰、锌、钴、碘等矿物元素含量高于苜蓿草粉与豆粕,检测的多数氨基酸含量较苜蓿草粉高。综合各项指标,可以认为杂交构树叶是一种富含蛋白、钙、铁的很好的饲料原料,可以在草食动物日粮中应用。     

美洲鲥鱼肌肉营养成分测定及分析

本文对美洲鲥鱼的肌肉营养成分进行了测定分析,结果表明:鱼肉粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量分别为20.58%和3.68%,18种氨基酸总量为13.33%,其中8种必需氨基酸、4种鲜味氨基酸的含量分别为5.33%和5.15%,必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的39.98%,4种鲜味氨基酸的含量占氨基酸总量的38.63%,低于鸡蛋蛋白质模式。脂肪酸含量丰富,尤其是不饱和脂肪酸含量达到0.23%。无机物含量,特别是Mg、Fe、Zn等微量元素含量也比较丰富。     

蚯蚓体内微量元素存在的形式及含量研究

蚯蚓对金属元素具有富集作用.为探究微量元素在蚯蚓体内存在形式和含量,利用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定蚯蚓体内铁、铜、锰、锌四种微量元素的总含量和氨基酸螯合态含量.结果表明,蚯蚓体内铁、铜、锰和锌四种元素以氨基酸螯合态形式存在比例达到65%以上,其中氨基酸螯合铁含量为400.45 mg/kg,占铁总含量的86.54%;氨基酸螯合铜含量为13.49mg/kg,占铜总含量的67.50%;氨基酸螯合锰含量为18.65 mg/kg,占锰总含量的65.79%;氨基酸螯合锌含量为358.19 mg/kg,占锌总含量的93.97%.     

蚯蚓体内微量元素存在的形式及含量研究

蚯蚓对金属元素具有富集作用。为探究微量元素在蚯蚓体内存在形式和含量,利用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定蚯蚓体内铁、铜、锰、锌四种微量元素的总含量和氨基酸螯合态含量。结果表明,蚯蚓体内铁、铜、锰和锌四种元素以氨基酸螯合态形式存在比例达到65%以上,其中氨基酸螯合铁含量为400.45 mg/kg,占铁总含量的86.54%;氨基酸螯合铜含量为13.49mg/kg,占铜总含量的67.50%;氨基酸螯合锰含量为18.65 mg/kg,占锰总含量的65.79%;氨基酸螯合锌含量为358.19 mg/kg,占锌总含量的93.97%。     

松针粉开发及效益浅析

<正> 一、松针粉的营养成分所谓松针粉,就是将松树鲜嫩枝叶采摘下来,经烘干、粉碎等工序加工制成的粉。松针粉之所以被称为较好的饲料添加剂,是因为它含有禽畜生长所必须的40多种营养成分,如植物抗菌素、生长激素、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、多种维生素、十八种氨基酸、多种微量元素等。表1、2、3、4分别列出了某些松树针叶中胡萝卜素、B族维生素、氨基酸和微量元素的含量。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。