入侵害虫西方花蓟马综合防治进展的概述

本文对西方花蓟马在我国适生性进行了简要的分析,概述了当前国内外西方花蓟马综合防治的研究进展,并提出了在我国控制该虫扩散蔓延的对策。     

First record of Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), an Asian pest thrips in Spain

Several permanent populations of Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan, 1913) were discovered outdoors for the first time in Spain in 2010. Captures were made mainly on Rosa flowers, Nerium oleander and Gerbera sp.     

Comparative effect of integrated pest management and farmers' standard pest control practice for managing insect pests on cabbage (Brassica spp.)

BACKGROUND: Studies were conducted on experimental cabbage plantings in 2009 and on experimental and commercial plantings in 2010, comparing farmers' current chemical standard pesticide practices with an integrated pest management (IPM) program based on the use of neem (Aza‐Direct) and DiPel (Bacillus thuringiensis). In experimental plantings, the IPM program used six or eight applications of neem and DiPel on a rotational basis. The standard‐practice treatments consisted of six or eight applications of carbaryl and malathion or control treatment. RESULTS: The IPM treatments reduced pest populations and damage, resulting in a better yield than with the standard chemical or control treatment. When IPM treatment included three applications of neem plus three applications of DiPel (on a rotational basis in experimental fields), it again reduced the pest population and damage and produced a better yield than the standard practice. The lower input costs of the IPM program resulted in better economic returns in both trials. CONCLUSIONS: The IPM components neem and DiPel are suitable for use in an IPM program for managing insect pests on cabbage (Brassica spp.). Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

关于农作物病虫测报几个问题的辨识与探讨

病虫测报是植保工作的基础,但当前在社会及农业生产领域中,对病虫测报存在一些认识模糊、概念不清的问题.为促进病虫测报事业健康发展,特从其相关的发生程度与预报程度、病虫测报与监测预警、预报对象与分级管理,以及预报内容与发布方式等几组概念入手,进行对比分析,以期能够引导大家正确认识病虫测报,为其进一步发展创造良好的环境氛围.     

我国荔枝上的一种新害虫

本文简要记述了在广东省廉江市荔枝上发现的一种新害虫——榕树粉蚧Pseudococcus baliteus Lit的形态特征、寄主和分布。这是榕树粉蚧在中国的首次纪录。     

Characteristics of pyrethroids for insect pest control in agriculture

Pyrethroid insecticides are characterised by high knockdown and lethal activity, a wide spectrum, good residual activity, together with repellent and antifeeding activity. With these characteristics, pyrethroid insecticides have become widely used for plant protection. Their major use has been for the control of bollworms and leafworms in cotton but they have also achieved widespread use for controlling various species of lepidopterous pests in fruits and vegetables, aphids in cereals, and many other minor outlets. Although the early synthetic pyrethroids suffered from a lack of activity against mites and soil pests, later additions, such as fenpropathrin, have combined high acaricidal activity with insecticidal activity and further pyrethroids are being introduced for use in soil. The extent of pyrethroid use has increased progressively since the first of the ‘photostable’ pyrethroids was registered. In 1986, the market share of pyrethroids reached 25 % of the total insecticide market for plant protection; this figure can be increased in the future.     

澳洲坚果上新发生玳灰蝶海南亚种为害

2015年在云南德宏澳洲坚果园内发现了新害虫——玳灰蝶海南亚种。对其卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫的形态特征进行了描述,并对该虫对澳洲坚果造成的为害症状进行了描述,以期为该虫的鉴定和防治提供参考。     

橡胶树上的一种新害虫——华蝉

海南省是我国橡胶主产区,种植面积为37万hm2,约占全国种植面积的60%.在橡胶园虫害调查中,发现橡胶树上一种新的害虫,经鉴定为华蝉(Sinosemia shirakii Matsumura),属华蝉属(Sinosemia Matsumura),螂蝉族(Pomponiini),蝉亚科(Cicadinae),蝉科(Cicadidae),该虫是我国的特有种.     

昆虫不育技术在害虫防治中的应用和研究进展

昆虫不育技术是一种通过释放不育昆虫来控制田间害虫种群的生物防治新策略。为将昆虫不育技术应用于防治全球入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda,该文对昆虫不育技术的作用机理和防治现状进行了综述,并对国内外利用该技术成功防治害虫的作用原理、作用方式和对多种害虫防治的成功案例进行了归纳;同时,对防治靶标基因doublesex的功能性作用进行总结。本综述基于CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑系统调控靶标基因,整理并展望通过释放携带显性致死基因的昆虫种群实现虫口密度控制的研究现状,为促进昆虫不育技术防治害虫提供理论基础。     

辣椒新害虫--瘤缘蝽发生为害的调查研究

2001年7月,笔者在咸宁温泉发现1半翅目害虫严重为害辣椒,在未防治情况下,暴发成灾,导致绝收,2005年发生较重,局部成灾。经鉴定,该害虫为瘤缘蝽[Acanthocoris casber(Linnaeus)]。通过资料查阅,除《江西植保》2001年第2期有过关于瘤缘蝽的生活史及防治方面的简短报道外,再未见其他更详细的报道。为便于开展瘤缘蝽的监测与防治,笔者于2001～2005年对瘤缘蝽发生与为害进行了调查和观察。现报道如下。1形态特征成虫:长10"5～13"5 mm,宽4"0～5"1 mm,褐色。触角具硬粗毛。前胸背板及后足腿节有许多瘤突。前胸背板侧缘稍向内曲,侧角突出,其上具显…     

转基因昆虫在害虫防治上的应用前景

对转基因昆虫的发展历史,转基因昆虫的技术要点,特别是载体和标记基因进行了系统阐述,同时对转基因昆虫的应用方向和生物安全性及其管理做了简要介绍。     

First report of Moroccan pepper virus on lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) in Japan

In sap from plants of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) with necrotic stunt symptoms in Yamaguchi Prefecture in Japan, spherical particles with a diameter of about 30 nm were observed with transmission electron microscopy. We sequenced the complete genome of an isolate using the tombusvirus-specific primers and found that it shared about 96 % nucleotide identities with Moroccan pepper virus (MPV) in the genus Tombusvirus. The isolate reproduced necrotic stunt symptoms on lisianthus plants after mechanical inoculation. This is the first report of MPV on lisianthus in Japan.