浦东新区犬猫弓形虫病血清学调查分析

采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测194份犬猫血样,测得弓形虫IgG抗体阳性血清36份,阳性率为18．56％。不同来源的犬猫血清弓形虫IgG抗体阳性率不同,流浪犬猫的平均阳性率为27．3％,其中流浪犬阳性率最高为30．77％,其次流浪猫阳性率为25％,农村犬阳性率为22．86％,养犬场犬阳性率为15％,宠物犬阳性率为12．5％。不同来源的犬猫之间感染率差异不显著（P〉0.05）,宠物猫样本数少,未检测出阳性血清。胶体金免疫层析法和酶联免疫吸附试验对比试验显示,这两种方法对猫的弓形虫抗体检测结果基本相符。     

应用微量中和试验进行猪伪狂犬病血清学调查

应用细胞培养微量中和试验（固定病毒稀释血清法）对来自２４个猪场共４２６份血清进行了猪伪狂犬病血清学调查。共检出阳性血清１７１份,血清阳性率达４０．１％,出现血清阳性的猪场有２０个,占所检测猪场的８３．３％,说明伪狂犬病在我省及我国流行相当严重。对其中５０份血清的中和指数（固定血清稀释病毒法）进行了检测,结果中和效价大于１∶２血清的中和指数都在１０２．５以上。     

青海省西宁地区猪弓形体病的血清学调查

应用间接血凝实验(IHA)，对采自西宁地区大通种猪场、青海省畜牧兽医科学院猪场和城北区几个农户的251份猪血清，进行了弓形体的定性检测。结果检出阳性血清4份，阳性率1．59％，其中采自大通种猪场的151份猪血清和青海省畜牧兽医科学院猪场的52份猪血清中，均未检出阳性血清，而采自城北区农户中的48份猪血清中，检出阳性血清4份，阳性率8．33％。     

山羊莱姆病血清抗体的调查

１９９３年３－５月，对甘肃省迭部林区不同样点二类生境下活动的山羊机采血清２７０份，用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测莱姆病血清抗体情况，其中森林草原山羊血清１１３份，检出阳性血清１３份，阳性率为１１．５０５；灌丛草原山羊血清１５７份，检出阳性血清１５份，阳性率为９．５５％。总阳性率为１０．３７％（２８／２７０）。     

辽宁省猪圆环病毒2型血清学调查与分析

为了解辽宁省猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）感染情况,对来自辽宁省14个市的59个规模化商品猪场的734份血清、17个种猪场的329份血清、45户农村散养户的146份血清,采用ELISA（酶联免疫吸附试验）方法进行PCV2抗体检测。结果显示,59个规模化猪场中有51个为阳性,阳性率86.4%（51/59）,其734份样品中有351份为阳性,样品阳性率为47.8%（351/734）;17个种猪场中有15个为阳性,阳性率为88.2%（15/17）,其种猪群样品阳性率为47.6%（81/170）,仔猪群样品阳性率为29.6%（47/159）;45户散养户中有23户为阳性,阳性率为51.1%（23/45）,检测的146份样品有58份阳性,样品阳性率39.7%（58/146）。可见,PCV2在辽宁省各地的感染已经很普遍,并且种猪群感染率高于仔猪群,规模场的感染率高于农村散养户。     

应用微量中和试验进行猪伪狂犬病血清学调查

应用细胞培养微量中和试验（固定病毒稀释血清法）对来自２４个猪场共４２６份血清进行了猪伪狂犬病血清学调查,共检出阳性血清１７１份,血清阳性率达４０．１％,出现血清阳性的猪场有２０个,占所检测猪场的８３．３％,说明伪狂犬病在我省及我国流行相当严重,对其中５０份血清中的中和指数（固定血清稀释病毒法）进行了检测,结果中和效价大于１：２血清的中和指数都在１０＾２．５以上。     

种猪场猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征血清抗体检测

应用ELISA试剂诊断盒对青海省几个主要种猪场的103份血清进行了PRRS的血清抗体检测，共检出阳性血清6份，阳性率为5．83％，表明青海省几个主要种猪场存在PRRS。     

天峻县土种藏系羊弓形虫病的血清学调查

应用弓形虫的间接血凝试验（IHA）,对来自青海省天峻县的108份土种藏系羊的血清,进行弓形虫间接血凝抗体的检测。结果检出4份阳性血清,血清阳性率为3．70％。     

利用TB_PCR试剂盒对牛结核病的检测

应用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）技术制备的ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ试剂盒对来自新疆６个牛场的２３８份血样、奶样、口腔分泌物标本中结核分枝杆菌进行检测,结果显示：ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ试剂盒对４０份奶样样本进行检测,７头为阳性,阳性检出率１７．５％。ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ试剂盒对１７８份血样标本的检测,２３头牛为阳性,阳性检出率为１２．９２％。ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ试剂盒对２０份口腔分泌物标本中结核分歧杆菌检测结果均为阴性。本试验中共计检测６个牛场的２３８份不同标本的ＰＣＲ阳性牛共计２７头,阳性检出率为３．０２％。将ＰＣＲ和传统的ＰＰＤ检测方法的结果比较显示ＰＰＤ检出阳性率高于ＰＣＲ,ＰＰＤ检出阳性牛３９头,检出阳性率６．７％。本试验对口腔分泌物标本的检测结果不理想。总之,ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ试剂盒在检测牛结核病不同标本中显示出快速、特异等优点。为今后牛结核病的检测     

德令哈市山羊传染性胸膜肺炎的血清学调查

用山羊传染性胸膜肺炎的间接血凝试验（IHA）对来自海西地区的105份山羊血清进行了山羊传染性胸膜肺炎血清抗体检查。结果检出了35份阳性血清。阳性率为33．33％。     

青海省部分地区奶牛、绵羊、牦牛血清、生活环境中微量元素含量

在青海省西宁市天露乳业有限公司奶牛场、三角城种羊场、大通种牛场及湟源县,采集奶牛、绵羊、牦牛血液及当地饲草、水样品,分析了Cu、Mn、Fe、Zn、Se、Ca、Mg等元素含量,发现样品中Se、Cu元素含量低于正常水平.     

Nutritional Quality of Recycled Food Plate Waste in Diets Fed to Swine,

Food waste samples were collected approximately bimonthly from five different New Jersey farms that feed food waste to pigs. All of these farms feed food waste collected from various institutions (restaurants, casinos, military bases, hospitals, and nursing homes) and often supplement with other byproduct feeds such as bakery, fish cannery, or vegetable processing wastes. A total of 63 samples were collected and analyzed for nutrient content in laboratories at the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Results from all five farms indicated that food plate wastes often have an acceptable nutritional profile. Crude protein averaged in excess of 20% and EE over 25%. Fiber levels were low and most minerals were borderline, if not adequate, for growing pigs. However, the low DM (27%) and the high variability of nutrients (CV often near or in excess of 100%) were significant limitations. For individual farms, DM percentage was always low, EE was high, and CP was variable. Mineral levels also varied from farm to farm. Calcium averaged 1.69% in food waste collected by Farm 1 and 0.36% in food waste collected by Farm 2. Several of the trace nutrients (copper, iron, zinc) were also variable. Zinc samples averaged 28 mg/kg on Farm 2 and 146 mg/kg on Farm 1. Zinc levels in food waste fed on Farms 2 through 5 were all inadequate when compared to NRC levels for growing pigs. Essential amino acids were, on average, equal to or above NRC levels required for growing pigs, except for lysine levels in food waste, which were below requirements on Farms 1 and 2. Results from this work have helped to develop a nutrient profile of the food waste currently fed to swine in the state of New Jersey and have been shared with individual producers. Food waste, although often of ample nutritional quality, is limited by its low DM and variable nutrient content, and should be monitored regularly and supplemented accordingly in practical feeding situations.     

牦牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病和传染性鼻气管炎血清学调查

为掌握青海省大通种牛场和海晏县牦牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病、传染性鼻气管炎的感染和流行情况,2010年3月至5月在大通种牛场和海晏地区采集252份牦牛血清样品,应用定量酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对牦牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病和传染性鼻气管炎的进行了血清抗体检测。结果显示,大通种牛场牦牛群中牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病阳性率为23.42%,传染性鼻气管炎阳性率为65.45%;海晏县牦牛群中牛病毒性腹泻/黏膜病阳性率为19.86%,传染性鼻气管炎阳性率为4.96%。     

Detection of a Theileria species in dogs in South Africa

A Theileria species was detected by PCR in blood samples collected from dogs in the Pietermaritzburg area and was also found in dogs presented at the Outpatients Clinic of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital (OVAH), in the Pretoria area, South Africa. In the Pietermaritzburg area, 79 of the 192 samples were positive, while 3 out of 1137 of the Onderstepoort samples were positive. Three positive samples from Pietermaritzburg were co-infected with Ehrlichia canis. PCR positive samples were further analysed by the Reverse Line Blot (RLB) and sequence analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rRNA full-length gene sequences of one sample (VT12) from Pietermaritzburg and two samples from OVAH (BC281 and BC295) revealed a close relationship with sequences of Theileria species (sable). Clinical signs of the dogs that were examined at Pietermaritzburg and OVAH included an immune-mediated condition with severe thrombocytopenia. These findings identify a Theileria sp. in dogs for the first time in South Africa and add yet another microorganism to the growing list of haemoprotozoan parasites infecting dogs worldwide. The clinical significance of this infection in dogs is poorly resolved.     

Confirmation of occurrence of Babesia canis vogeli in domestic dogs in South Africa

The prevalence of Babesia infections in domestic dogs in South Africa was studied using reverse line blot hybridization and 18S sequence analysis. Babesia canis vogeli was confirmed for the first time in domestic dogs in South Africa. Out of a total of 297 blood samples collected from domestic dogs in Bloemfontein, East London, Johannesburg, Durban and from the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital, 31 were positive for Babesia canis rossi, whereas B. c. vogeli was detected in 13 dogs. None of the dogs carried both parasites. The detection of B. c. vogeli has implications with regard to prevalence and varied clinical manifestation of canine babesiosis in South Africa.     

Comparison of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with hemagglutination inhibition assay for serodiagnosis of swine influenza virus (H1N1) infection.

A commercial indirect swine influenza virus (SIV) H1N1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay by testing 72 samples from experimentally infected pigs and 780 field samples of undefined SIV status. The HI assay was performed using SIV isolates A/Swine/IA/73 for H1N1 and A/Swine/IA/8548-1/98 for H3N2. The ELISA used an SIV isolated in 1988. The results showed that HI and ELISA detected an antibody in 11 and 6, respectively, of 72 serum samples collected from pigs experimentally infected with a 1992 SIV isolate (A/Swine/IA/40776/92). The presence of antibodies in these experimental samples was confirmed by HI tests in which all 72 samples were positive against the homologous virus, a more recent H1N1 SIV isolate (A/Swine/NVSL/01) supplied by National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, Iowa, and a 1999 H1N1 isolate currently used in a commercial vaccine. On testing 780 field samples, an overall agreement of 85.5% was generated between the HI and ELISA. This study demonstrated that the ELISA is a useful serodiagnostic screening test at herd level for detecting swine antibodies against SIV. However, a new SIV isolate representing current SIV strains circulating in the field is needed to replace the older isolates used in the HI and ELISA to increase the test accuracy for serodiagnosis of SIV.     

Seroprevalence of porcine and human influenza A virus antibodies in pigs between 1986 and 1988 in Hassia

1,268 sera collected from slaughtered pigs in Hassia (FRG) from 1986 to 1988 were tested for antibodies against porcine and human influenza A virus strains using the single radial haemolysis test (SRHT). Antibodies against the porcine strains (subtype H1N1) A/Swine/Arnsberg/1/81, A/Swine/Iowa/15/30 and A/New Jersey/7/76 were detected in 411 (32.4%), 318 (25.1%) and 304 (24.0%) of sera, respectively. Up to 1988 a slight increase (10%) in the seroprevalence to A/Swine/Arnsberg/1/81 was noticed, whereas the results obtained with the other strains showed little variation. Antibodies against the human H1N1 strain A/Singapore/6/86 were only found in sera collected 1987 and 1988 in rates of 1.6% and 3.0%. Serological indication of infections with the human H3N2 strains A/Victoria/1/75, A/Hong Kong/1/68 and A/Philippines/2/82 could be shown in 286 (22.6%), 178 (14.4%) and 135 (10.6%) of the serum samples. Within the three year period the rate of sera positive for antibodies against A/Philippines/2/82 increased from 6.5% to 23.0%, whereas no variation in the rates were found using the other H3N2 strains. Antibodies simultaneously against porcine (H1N1) and human (H3N2) virus strains were detected in 9.9% of all sera tested.     

应用固相竞争ELISA、液相阻断ELISA和中和试验检测口蹄疫抗体的比较研究

为了评价建立的口蹄疫固相竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(solid phase competition ELISA,SPC-ELISA)方法与传统的中和试验(VNT)和液相阻断酶联免疫吸附试验(liquid phase block ELISA,LPB-ELISA)检测方法之间的关系,本研究对野外采集的不同种类的猪、牛和牦牛共94份血清样品分别进行O型口蹄疫病毒SPC-ELISA、LPB-ELISA和VNT检测,并分别比较3种方法的符合率和阳性检出率。结果表明,建立的O型口蹄疫病毒SPC-ELISA方法与VNT 具有很好的符合率,达88.3%,其中,猪和牦牛血清符合率高达90%和89.5%,阳性检出率为91.2%比LPB-ELISA更符合VNT,因此建立的SPC-ELISA方法比LPB-ELISA方法更符合VNT。     

Telomere length in normal and neoplastic canine tissues

OBJECTIVE: To determine the mean telomere restriction fragment (TRF) length in normal and neoplastic canine tissues. SAMPLE POPULATION: 57 solid-tissue tumor specimens collected from client-owned dogs, 40 samples of normal tissue collected from 12 clinically normal dogs, and blood samples collected from 4 healthy blood donor dogs. PROCEDURES: Tumor specimens were collected from client-owned dogs during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures at the University of Illinois Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, whereas 40 normal tissue samples were collected from 12 control dogs. Telomere restriction fragment length was determined by use of an assay kit. A histologic diagnosis was provided for each tumor by personnel at the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at the University of Illinois. RESULTS: Mean of the mean TRF length for 44 normal samples was 19.0 kilobases (kb; range, 15.4 to 21.4 kb), and the mean of the mean TRF length for 57 malignant tumors was 19.0 kb (range, 12.9 to 23.5 kb). Although the mean of the mean TRF length for tumors and normal tissues was identical, tumor samples had more variability in TRF length. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Telomerase, which represents the main mechanism by which cancer cells achieve immortality, is an attractive therapeutic target. The ability to measure telomere length is crucial to monitoring the efficacy of telomerase inhibition. In contrast to many other mammalian species, the length of canine telomeres and the rate of telomeric DNA loss are similar to those reported in humans, making dogs a compelling choice for use in the study of human anti-telomerase strategies.     

H3亚型猪流感病毒分离与鉴定

从东莞和鹤山等地不同猪场采集的40份鼻拭子或病死猪的肺、气管病料中分离到4株有血凝活性的病毒,其中3株病毒与新城疫病毒阳性血清的HI试验为阳性,另外1株病毒与抗猪流感H3亚型猪流感病毒阳性血清的HI试验为阳性;根据猪流感病毒M基因设计引物,扩增出预期的约315 bp片段,表明该病毒为H3亚型猪流感病毒。