云南省玉溪市猪弓形虫病血清学调查

为了解猪弓形虫病在玉溪市的流行情况,2008年8月份-2009年3月份共采集猪血液样品450份(其中从屠宰场采集猪血液样品329份,从万牧养猪场采集妊娠母猪血液样品35份,从大营街种猪场采集猪血液样品86份)、猫血液样本15份,在实验室分离血清,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)检测血清中弓形虫抗体效价,被检血清抗体效价大于或...     

龙岩地区部分猪场弓形虫病的血清学调查

通过间接血凝(IHA)试验对采自龙岩地区12个猪场的2055份猪血清进行弓形虫病的抗体检测,结果表明猪弓形虫病在龙岩地区呈散发性流行。样品阳性率为5.99%,各猪场之间的抗体阳性率有一定差异,最高为16.22%,最低为0。在母猪群中随着胎次的增加,弓形虫病抗体阳性率也升高,由1～2胎的6.72%上升到5胎以上的12.18%;育肥猪群总体弓形虫病抗体阳性率较低,由哺乳仔猪的10.94%缓慢降至育肥猪的1.62%,呈现出随日龄增加弓形虫病抗体阳性率逐渐降低的趋势。     

青海省海南地区猪弓形虫病血清学调查及分析

为了解青海省海南地区猪弓形虫病的感染情况,采用间接血凝试验对2015年采集的15个规模化猪场及散养的460份猪血清进行了弓形虫病血清学抗体的检测。试验结果表明:待检的460份血清样品,弓形虫抗体阳性52份,阳性率为11.30%。结果表明:规模化养殖和散养两种不同的养殖方式之间感染差异显著(P0.05)。最高的猪场弓形虫阳性率可达28.89%。其中成年猪的感染率为18.6%,高于仔猪和保育猪的4.6%(P0.05)。哺乳母猪感染率最高,可能与成年猪的饮食习惯及接触环境中卵囊机会有关。     

上海地区规模化猪场弓形虫病的血清学调查

用正向间接血凝试验对2002年-2007年间从上海地区8个区县的规模化猪场采集1 377份血样进行了猪弓形虫病抗体的检测.通过连续6年对上海地区规模化猪场的监测发现,2002年所有猪场均无弓形虫病感染,从2003年开始出现了较高水平的感染率,最高达到66.7%.随后几年里不同猪场出现了程度不同的感染,2004年和2005年其感染率逐年下降,到2005年达到最低值1.6%,而2006年其感染率发生了反弹,升高到48.7%,2007年又出现了下降的趋势,下降到13.1%.掌握上海地区猪弓形虫病的感染状况,为基层的防治工作提供技术指导.     

贵州省猪弓形虫病的血清学调查

近年来,猪弓形虫感染全国都较严重,国内部分省市（浙江省、辽宁省、山东省、河北省、上海地区）猪弓形虫抗体间接血凝试验（IHA）检测阳性率为29.7%～66.7%,重庆地区酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测阳性率为60.42%。     

福建省家兔主要养殖地区弓形虫病的血清学调查

为摸清福建省家兔主要养殖地区弓形虫病的感染情况,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)对福建4个地区大型兔场、散养农户兔场的690份血清进行弓形虫病血清学检测.被检血清抗体滴度大于或等于1∶64判为阳性.结果表明:福建省4个主要养殖地区兔场弓形虫病阳性率9.71％(67/690);其中,大型兔场阳性率1.73％(8/462),散养农户兔场阳性率25.88％(59/228).     

红河州猪弓形虫病血清学调查

对红河州12个县(市),25个乡(镇),30个行政村122户农户和29个种猪场的1 187头繁殖母猪和种公猪进行弓形虫间接血凝(IHA)试验,结果在91.7%(11/12)的县、80.0%(20/25)的乡、86.7%(26/30)的行政村、79.3%(23/29)的种猪场和27.0%(33/122)农户饲养的猪检出弓形虫抗体阳性。阳性率为0.7%~50.0%,平均12.0%,表明红河州猪弓形虫感染广泛,局部地区感染率较高,其中与伪狂犬、细小病毒、衣原体、乙型脑炎和布鲁氏菌混合感染占70.6%,表明混合感染比较普遍。     

洛阳地区猪弓形虫病血清学调查与分析

利用间接血凝试验,对来自洛阳地区部分规模化猪场的889份血清样品进行了弓形虫抗体检测,以抗体效价≥1∶64为阳性判定标准,结果发现,上述被检样品的总阳性率为16.5%(147/889),母猪、保育仔猪、育肥猪的阳性率分别为25.6%(70/273)、15.4%(28/182)、11.3%(49/434).阳性母猪、保育仔猪和育肥猪抗体效价的几何平均数分别为1∶218.50、1∶90.51、1∶158.20.     

福建省猪弓形虫病流行病学调查

用IHA方法对我省6个地区猪场520份血清进行了弓形虫病血清学调查,结果我省猪场不同程度的感染了弓形虫病,平均感染率为28%,感染率由20.0%~39.6%不等,这表明许多规模猪场虽未发生典型的弓形虫病临床症状,但该病对福建省猪群感染已达到一定程度,应该引起养猪业的高度重视。     

青海省三角城种羊场部分种羊中流产类疾病的血清学检测

应用布鲁氏菌病RBPT(Rose-Bengal Plate Agglutination Test)、衣原体和弓形虫IHA(Indirect Hemagglutination Assay),对来自青海省三角城种羊场的59份试情公羊的血清、60份后备母羊的血清进行特异性血清抗体的检测。结果:在119份被检血清中,检出衣原体阳性血清3份,阳性率为2.52%,其中在59份试情公羊血清中检出3份,阳性率5.08%;在后备母羊的血清未检出衣原体阳性血清;所有的血清中均未检测到布氏杆菌和弓形虫阳性血清。     

猪附红细胞体和弓形体病继发猪瘟的诊断与防制

2004年2月至3月，湖北剂州某市八宝、中洲、老城、胡家岗和荆闸等乡镇自然村多家个体养猪专业户在断奶仔猪中爆发一种以体温高、贫血、黄疸、精神沉郁，先便秘后拉稀为特征的传染病。医治不见好转，先后死亡450多头。于3月中旬和下旬分2批将病猪送到我院进行诊断，经剖检、实验室检验和动物试验，最后确诊为猪附红细胞体和弓形体病继发猪瘟，采用超量免疫及综合防制措施，使本病得到了有效的控制。     

Experimental alveolar echinococcosis in pigs, lesion development and serological follow up

Liver lesions were found in 6/6 pigs 7 months after oral inoculation with 5000 or 35,000 Echinococcus multilocularis eggs. However, lesion morphology differed considerably among the animals. The largest lesions (3–8 mm in diameter) were found in a single pig and smaller lesions (1.5–3 mm) in three pigs. These lesions were clearly circumscribed and had pronounced central necroses and dystrophic calcifications. In contrast, most of the smallest (usually <1.5 mm in diameter) found in two other pigs, had small compact fibrotic areas and blurred borders with obvious fibrous infiltrations into the interlobular tissues. E. multilocularis specific DNA was detected by PCR in all lesion types, but metacestode viability, as assessed by in vivo intraperitoneal inoculations in jirds, could not be demonstrated. Within 1 month post inoculation, all pigs developed specific IgG antibody responses against a battery of different antigens (metacestode, cyst fluid, and protoscoleces-derived native E. multilocularis and E. granulosus antigens, affinity purified Em2G11 antigen, antigen B, recombinant Em II/3–10 antigen). Two different reaction patterns were recorded. In the two pigs with the small lesions, pronounced reactions against all crude antigens with peaks 3–5 months p.i. and clearly elevated levels until the end of the experiment were noted. In all other pigs, antibody reactions remained low in all cases. In conclusion, we demonstrated two types of E. multilocularis metacestode development in pigs with distinct immunological response patterns.     

我国猪弓形虫病的研究概况

弓形虫病是一种分布广泛、危害严重的人兽共患病,不但在公共卫生上有很重要的意义,对养猪生产也曾造成过巨大经济损失。近年来,我国学者在猪弓形虫病的流行情况、致病作用、诊断方法以及防制等方面都进行了研究,本文就该病的研究进行简要概述。     

High HEV presence in four different wild boar populations in East and West Germany

Swine Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can be transmitted from pigs to humans causing hepatitis. A high prevalence of HEV in wild boar populations is reported for several European countries, but actual data for Germany are missing. During the hunting season from October to December 2007 liver, bile and blood samples were collected from wild boars in four different German regions. The samples were tested for HEV RNA by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and anti-HEV IgG antibodies by two different ELISAs and a Line immunoassay. A seroprevalence of 29.9% using ELISA and 26.2% in the Line immunoassay was determined. The seroprevalence rate varied greatly within the analyzed regions. However, qPCR analysis revealed a higher prevalence of 68.2% positive animals with regional differences. Surprisingly, also adult wild sows and wild boars were highly HEV positive by qPCR. Compared to liver and serum samples, bile samples showed a higher rate of positive qPCR results. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of a 969 nt fragment within ORF 2 revealed that all isolates clustered within genotype 3 but differed in the subtype depending on the hunting spot. Isolates clustered within genotypes 3i, 3h, 3f and 3e. Within one population HEV isolates were closely related, but social groups of animals in close proximity might be infected with different subtypes. Two full-length genomes of subtypes 3i and 3e from two different geographic regions were generated. The wild boar is discussed as one of the main sources of human autochthonous infections in Germany.     

Vaccine‐Associated Leptospira Antibodies in Client‐Owned Dogs

Background

Long‐term microscopic agglutination test (MAT) results after vaccination with 4‐serovar Leptospira vaccines are not available for all vaccines used in client‐owned dogs.

Hypothesis/Objectives

To determine antibody responses of client‐owned dogs given 1 of 4 commercially available Leptospira vaccines.

Animals

Healthy client‐owned dogs (n = 32) with no history of Leptospira vaccination for at least the previous year.

Methods

Dogs were given 1 of 4 Leptospira vaccines on week 0 and then approximately on week 3 and week 52. Sera were collected before vaccine administration on week 0 and then within 3 days of week 3, within 2 days of week 4, and approximately on weeks 7, 15, 29, 52, and 56. Antibody titers against Leptospira serovars bratislava, canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohemorrhagiae, and pomona and were determined by MAT.

Results

When compared among vaccines, MAT results varied in maximal titers, the serovars inducing maximal titers, and the time required to reach maximal titers. Each vaccine induced at least some MAT titers ≥1 : 800. Most dogs were negative for antibodies against all serovars 1 year after vaccination, and anamnestic responses were variable.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Dogs vaccinated with Leptospira vaccines have variable MAT titers over time, and antibodies should not be used to predict resistance to Leptospira infection. MAT titers ≥1 : 800 can develop after Leptospira spp. vaccination, which can complicate the clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis.     

弓形虫病疫苗研究进展

综述了弓形虫病减毒和灭活疫苗、基因工程亚单位疫苗、核酸疫苗及活载体疫苗的研究进展。弓形虫是专性细胞内寄生原虫,全球分布,能引起人兽共患的弓形虫病。弓形虫病疫苗的研制对于弓形虫病的防治工作有着极其重要的意义。