奶牛乳房炎的临床表现及黄芪中药组合方剂治疗效果分析

奶牛乳房炎是奶牛泌乳期和停乳时常患的一种疾病,临床症状可见乳房轻度发热,乳汁颜色、味道异常,泌乳减少,因疼痛拒绝挤乳,奶牛食欲减退、精神沉郁,严重者丧失泌乳性能。为提升奶牛乳房炎治疗效果,弥补西药抗生素治疗方法存在的种种弊端,本文在对奶牛乳房炎症状表现与致病原因进行分析后,提出了黄芪中药组合方剂治疗奶牛乳房炎的方法,分析其治疗效果,并进一步提出了预防措施,旨在为奶牛乳房炎防治提供一定参考。     

中药方剂及黄芪素对奶牛乳房炎及其生产性能的影响

选择产奶牛237头,平均质量（600±151）kg,按照泌乳量相近的原则分为黄芪素组、中药组和对照组,考察中药和中药提取物（黄芪素）对奶牛乳蛋白率、乳脂率、产奶量、体细胞数和乳房炎发病率的影响。结果表明,中药和黄芪素对乳蛋白率、乳脂率和产奶量影响差异不显著;中药组用药前后比较,其奶牛乳房炎检出率由用药前的8．33％下降到2．09％,比黄芪素组下降5．41％,比对照组下降3．61％,比其他产奶牛下降4．02％。中药组预防奶牛乳房炎效果明显（P〈O．05）。     

中药方剂防治各类奶牛乳房炎

一、隐性乳房炎 内服方1 当归、红花、蒲公英、瓜蒌、连翘、乳香、甲珠、双花各18克共为细末，一次冲服。     

中药制剂治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎的研究

在应用传统方法治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎经验的基础上,经改变给药途径和制剂,利用制剂直接注入乳池、乳房涂擦结合生理盐水冲洗乳池、肌肉注射等３种方法治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎,取得了较理想的临床效果。     

自拟中药方剂治疗奶牛乳房炎的临床效果

[目的]为探讨自拟中药方剂治疗奶牛乳房炎的临床效果。[方法]将辖区内发生乳房炎的奶牛30头作为研究对象,随机分为3组,各10头,A组给予常规西药治疗,B组给予自拟中药方剂治疗,C组给予中西医结合治疗,观察3组病牛的疗效。[结果]A组病牛治疗后临床总有效率为60.00%,B组为80.00%,C组为100.00%,组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),提示中西医结合治疗奶牛乳房炎可取得更理想的治疗效果,C组病牛症状消失时间、痊愈时间和复发率均明显少于其余两组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]使用常规西药联合自拟中药方剂治疗奶牛乳房炎疗效明显,缩短病牛康复时间,降低复发率,效果显著,可推广使用。     

中药普朗头孢制剂治疗奶牛乳房炎效果试验

用普朗兴孢和西药分别治疗各100头奶牛乳房炎,结果表明,普朗头孢有效率为98%,西药组有效率为83%,差异极显著（P〈0.01）。     

奶牛乳房炎的中药治疗

奶牛乳房炎是一种常见病、多发病。据有关资料表明,发病率占整个产奶期奶牛的78％,严重制约着奶业的正常生产,影响着乳品的质量。现将中药治疗该病的方法报告如下,以供同行一试。1 病因 导致奶牛乳房炎的常见原因,是由于自动挤奶器操作不当或人工挤奶方法不适,以及产前、产后半月精料过剩或湿热、挤压所至。     

中药方剂不同剂型治疗奶牛临床型乳房炎的效果

奶牛乳房炎是严重影响奶牛业发展和危害人体健康的奶牛常见病。近几年来畜牧兽医工作者也加强了这方面的研究，研制了许多治疗奶牛乳房炎的方剂(如公英散、消乳痈散、和乳汤、乳痈验方、全蒲汤、乳疾宁等)，以副作用较少的中草药制剂代替抗生素的治疗，其治疗效果是肯定的。但同时也发现所用的中药方剂的剂型也是不同的。那么同一方剂的不同剂型治疗效果又如何呢?为了进一步提高疗效，我们选择了几种方剂，制成不同剂型，在临床治疗奶牛乳房炎过程中进行了比较试验，现介绍如下。     

中药治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎

奶牛隐性乳房炎是指奶牛乳房不出现红、肿、热、痛等症状 ,而是以乳汁变红 ,乳汁内有凝乳片、块或酒精阳性乳为特征的疾病。近年来笔者根据隐性乳房炎的不同发病原因 ,采取补气健脾、通经活络、清热解毒等中药组方进行治疗 ,共治疗病牛 2 38例 ,治愈 2 37例 ,治愈率 99.6% ,现报道如下。1　发病原因笔者收治的 2 38例中 ,产后感染、恶露不尽继发的隐性乳房炎占发病牛的 30 .7%。饲料单一、钙磷比例不平衡、微量元素不足者占 36.6% ,环境污染占 2 3.1 % ,挤奶方法不合理和乳头消毒不严占9.7%。2　症状患牛一般不出现明显的临床症状 ,只在挤奶…     

中药乳房灌注剂治疗奶牛临床型乳房炎

1 材料与方法 1.1 试验动物的选择和分组在黑龙江省某奶牛场选取患临床型乳房炎的奶牛25头,主要表现为:患病乳区奶汁异常(出现絮片、凝块或呈水样),乳房有不同程度的红、肿、热、痛症状,奶产量下降,但无明显的全身症状.分成两组,第一组为中药组15头,共33个患病乳区;第二组为西药对照组10头,共18个患病乳区.     

A descriptive epidemiological study of mastitis in 12 Irish dairy herds

: Factors relating to the occurrence of mastitis were studied on 12 Irish dairy herds with histories of elevated somatic cell count (SCC) and/or increased incidence of clinical mastitis cases. Milk recording data were analysed, housing conditions and calving areas were examined; dry cow therapy, clinical mastitis records, milking technique and aspects of milking machine function were assessed.Herds with a ratio of less than 110 cubicles per 100 cows were more likely to experience environmental mastitis. Herds with inadequate calving facilities, where cows spent prolonged periods on straw bedding, were likely to acquire environmental mastitis. In the majority of the herds, the selection of dry cow therapy lacked adequate planning. The majority of farmers took no action to reduce pain experienced by cows suffering mastitis. Deficiencies in parlour hygiene were evident in all herds experiencing elevation in SCC.     

中药乳头浸蘸剂防治奶牛隐性乳房炎的研究

采用抑菌试验并考虑成膜的屏障作用，筛选中药制成奶牛乳头浸蘸剂防治奶牛隐性乳房炎。经63头252个乳区的临床试验证明。复方黄连(黄连 蜂胶 乳没)和复方大青叶(大青叶 五倍子 乳没)2个处方分别制成的中药乳头浸蘸剂，对奶牛隐性乳房炎均有较好的防冶效果。     

中药方剂治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎的疗效试验

乳房炎特别是隐性乳房炎是危害奶牛养殖业最常见的疾病之一,不仅影响产奶量,而且影响乳的品质[1]。近几十年来,抗生素在防治奶牛乳房炎方面发挥了重要作用,但临床治疗乳房炎常用的抗生素由于存在药物残留将逐渐被限用或禁用。中药是天然物质,含有多种生物有效成分,具有很好的抗菌活性[2]、消炎、不易产生耐药性、低毒、无残留或低残留等特点,兼有药物与营养剂双重功能。应用中药治疗奶牛乳房炎,已日益为国内外专家所关注。针对这一情况,本试验拟选用治疗乳房炎的中药方剂治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎以评价其治疗效果。1材料与方法1.1中药方剂黄芪、…     

Loss in milk yield and related composition changes resulting from clinical mastitis in dairy cows

Relationships between clinical mastitis and milk yield and composition in dairy cows were reviewed. Requirements for inclusion were: data had to be collected after 1975; dependent variables for milk yield and milk composition had to be defined at the cow level; mastitis cases had to be defined by clinical signs, and at least 250 lactations had to be considered. Twenty studies dealing with milk-yield loss and, for four of them, also with related composition changes were selected. Study populations, design of data collection, and analysis methods differed widely between studies. As expected from these differences – but also due to structural-variation factors such as type of pathogen, animal and production level – estimates for milk-yield losses differed in average magnitude and pattern. Literature data regarding changes in milk-fat % and total-protein % changes were contradictory. Critiques of materials and methods allowed us to propose some final recommendations for values to be used as basic inputs in economic calculations of losses caused by mastitis.     

奶牛乳房炎防治的研究进展

奶牛乳房炎作为奶牛较为常见且影响较大的一种疾病,给畜牧业与食品业带来了严重的经济损失。传统的抗生素治疗方法因其在临床上容易出现广谱耐药和药物残留等问题受到广泛争议。所以,探索新型的治疗方案迫在眉睫。以中草药制剂、疫苗等为代表的生物制剂因具有较多的优点而被人们广泛关注。本文作者基于前人的研究成果,阐述了奶牛乳房炎的新型治疗方法,为进一步研究奶牛乳房炎的治疗提供一定的参考与帮助。     

中药防治奶牛乳腺炎的临床应用及作用机制研究进展

中药是我国传统医学的瑰宝,生物成分多样,疗效确切,已广泛用于奶牛乳腺炎的临床防治。现就中药防治奶牛乳腺炎的临床应用,以及中药抑制病原微生物、降低乳腺炎症反应、阻断乳腺细胞炎性信号通路、促进乳腺上皮细胞增殖和增强奶牛机体免疫力的作用机理做一综述。     

Quantifying characteristics of information-technology applications based on expert knowledge for detection of oestrus and mastitis in dairy cows

Expert opinions were elicited about the characteristics at the commercial-farm level of on-line information technology (IT) applications that are able to detect oestrus and mastitis in dairy cows. Since actual data of these characteristics are not available, judgmental data provided an alternative means to interpret the implications of research results for commercial farms. Applications included were activity measurement, milk-production measurement, electrical conductivity of quarter milk, automated concentrate feeders and milk-temperature measurement. Sensitivity and specificity of detection of oestrus (OD), clinical-mastitis (CMD) and subclinical-mastitis (SCMD) were ascertained. Conjoint-analysis was used to assess the effect of each application indirectly by decomposing the evaluated overall detection characteristics of a predefined number of IT combinations.

The individual experts were consistent in evaluating the alternatives, but there was variation in estimates among experts. Estimations of the main effects of the applications and important first-order interactions were incorporated into the detection models. Implementation of all applications under study resulted in overall sensitivities and specificities of 82% and 90%, 73% and 87%, 58% and 82% for OD, CMD and SCMD, respectively. Further research is necessary that should take into account costs and benefits of the different detection systems based on the current status of farm performance (e.g. OD and mastitis incidence) and farm structure (e.g. farm size, years in operation of the milking parlour and parlour layout). Research to do this is currently in progress.     

中草药防治奶牛乳房炎的研究进展

奶牛乳房炎是危害奶牛养殖业最常见的疾病之一,它不仅影响奶牛产奶量,造成严重的经济损失,而且影响牛奶的品质.乳房炎病牛乳汁中的大量病原微生物及其产生的毒素或经治疗后产生的大量抗生素残留,可直接危害人类健康.目前,全世界约有2.2亿头奶牛,其中约有1/3的奶牛患有各种类型乳房炎,每年因乳房炎造成的损失高达350亿美元.仅美国的损失就达20亿美元;在芬兰、挪威、瑞典,因患乳房炎而被淘汰的奶牛分别占35%、19%、和22%;而我国奶牛乳房炎的发生率更高,每年因乳房炎造成的损失约达1.35亿元人民币.