应用高免卵黄抗体防治鸭病毒性肝炎的研究

应用雏鸭肝炎病毒（ＤＨＶ）鸡胚化弱毒株（ＱＬ７９）和鸭病毒性肝炎油剂苗免疫鸡制备了高免卵黄抗体，考察了使用高兔卵黄抗体治疗雏鸭病毒性肝炎（ＤＶＨ）的疗效。结果表明，用卵黄抗体治疗ＤＶＨ的疗交取决于卵黄抗体的中和效价及治疗的时间，卵黄抗体的中和效应应达２＾８．５以上，治疗最佳时间应在ＤＨＶ强毒进入鸭体后２８小时内，抗体效价在２＾８．５以上或过最佳时间或超过３６小时，则治疗效果极差。     

应用高免卵黄抗体防治鸭病毒性肝炎的研究

应用雏鸭肝炎病毒（ＤＨＶ）鸡胚化弱毒株（ＱＬ７９）和鸭病毒性肝炎油剂苗免疫鸡制备了高免卵黄抗体。考察了使用高免卵黄抗体治疗雏鸭病毒性肝炎（ＤＶＨ）的疗效。结果表明，用卵黄抗体治疗ＤＶＨ的疗效取决于卵黄抗体的中和效价及治疗的时间。卵黄抗体的中和效价应达２８．５以上，治疗最佳时间应在ＤＨＶ强毒进入鸭体后２８小时内，抗体效价在２８．５以下或错过最佳时间或超过３６小时，则治疗效果极差。     

鸡抗鸭病毒性肝炎高免卵黄抗体的研制及应用

应用雏鸭病毒性肝炎病毒（DHV）弱毒疫苗和DHV油乳剂灭活苗多次免疫产蛋鸡，制备鸡抗鸭病毒性肝炎高免卵黄抗体，自制鸭病毒性肝炎病毒高免卵黄抗体的疗效取决于卵黄抗体的中和效价及治疗的时间。实验室试验及临床应用结果表明，卵黄抗体的中和效价应达2^8以上，并且在感染DHV 24h以内对雏鸭进行肌肉注射，治疗效果最为理想。     

雏鸭病毒性肝炎的研究

１９９１年从云南某地疑似鸭病毒性肝炎（ＤＶＨ）的病雏鸭肝脏分离到一株病毒，经鸡胚染试验，电镜形态观察，中和试验鉴定，证明为鸭病毒性肝炎病毒１型（ＤＨＶ－Ｉ）毒株。该病毒对鸡胚高度适应，传递至８０代对雏鸭无致病力，经易感雏鸭连传代毒力无反强现象，故命名为ＤＨＶ－ＫＭ６０株。鸡胚测试其滴度为ＬＤ５０１０６－７．３２／０．２ｍｌ。采用ＤＨＶ－ＫＭ６０制备疫苗，经口服免疫，对１日龄雏鸭的安全性高，免疫原性     

雏鸭病毒性肝炎卵黄抗体的研制

选取鸭肝炎病毒(duck hepatitis virus,DHV)分离株BZ-Ⅰ株作为疫苗株制备灭活苗,多次免疫蛋鸡制备卵黄抗体。经鸡胚中和试验法测定卵黄抗体的中和效价为2^9.6;经动物试验证实卵黄抗体可有效预防和治疗雏鸭对鸭病毒性肝炎(duck viral hepatitis,DVH)强毒的攻击,为雏鸭DVH的防治提供了新的技术手段。     

间接ELISA检测鸭肝炎病毒抗体的研究

以蔗糖密度梯度离心法纯化的病毒作为包被抗原，建立了检测鸭肝炎病毒（ＤＨＶ）抗体的间接ＥＬＩＳＡ方法。经特异性及重复性试验，效果良好。ＥＬＩＳＡ效价与琼扩、中和效价存在平行关系。经ＥＬＩＳＡ检测，１日龄雏鸭免疫后，４日龄可检出ＥＬＩＳＡ抗体，１０日龄达到峰值。ＤＨＶ高免血清在雏鸭体内作用维持时间为１０ｄ左右。攻毒保护试验表明，攻毒前雏鸭的血清抗体水平与攻毒后雏鸭存活率具直接相关性。     

鸭病毒性肝炎高免卵黄抗体的研制

本文利用鸭病毒性肝炎(DVH)弱毒活疫苗和DVH灭活油乳剂疫苗制备高免卵黄抗体,研究表明,高免卵黄抗体具有治疗鸭病毒性肝炎的临床疗效。在治疗过程中发现,高免卵黄抗体对鸭病毒性肝炎的疗效,主要决定于卵黄抗体当中的中和抗体效价与免疫途径。卵黄抗体当中的中和抗体效价一般都会在28.5之上。研究说明高免卵黄抗体对于雏鸭感染鸭病毒性肝炎病毒的24h以内完成肌肉注射,能够达到的免疫疗效最佳。     

鸭病毒性肝炎卵黄抗体防治鸭肝炎研究

采用从淄博市分离到的Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒,免疫鸡制备高免卵黄抗体,经测定中和效价达到1:1024.经试验,用该卵黄抗体用于预防和治疗鸭病毒性肝炎,对1日龄雏鸭用于预防,总体保护率达到95.14%,对发病鸭群进行治疗,总体保护率达到94.67%.     

鸭坦布苏病毒高免卵黄抗体的研制

将鸭坦布苏病毒浓缩后制备灭活苗,免疫试验鸡制备卵黄抗体,鸡胚中和试验表明,第3次免疫后15d,卵黄抗体中和效价为1：10^3.5,雏鸭攻毒保护试验结果表明,预防组和治疗组的保护率分别达到90％和78％,说明本试验制备的卵黄抗体对鸭坦布苏病毒病有着显著的预防和治疗作用。     

鸭病毒性肝炎高免卵黄抗体的研制

用DVH弱毒疫苗和DVH油乳剂苗免疫健康高产蛋鸡，可以制备高免卵黄抗体。高免卵黄抗体治疗雏鸭病毒性肝炎疗效的试验表明，用卵黄抗体治疗DVH的疗效取决于卵黄抗体的中和效价及治疗的时间。卵黄抗体的中和效价应达2^8.5以上，并且在感染DVH24h以内对雏鸭进行肌肉注射，免疫效果为最适宜。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。