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1.
Fifty-three transitional-anestrus Awassi ewes, randomly assigned to three groups: fluorogestone acetate (FGA, n = 18), FGA-Prostaglandin
(FGA-PGF, n = 18) and control (n = 17), were used to examine the effect of estrus synchronization protocols and steroid hormones
concentrations on milk somatic cell count (SCC). Intravaginal FGA sponge was inserted for 13 days and 600 IU equine chorionic
gonadotropin was administered for ewes of FGA and FGA-PGF groups at the time of sponge removal (day 0). In addition, 10 mg
was administered to ewes of FGA-PGF group on day 0. Blood and milk samples were collected from all ewes on days -13, -6,
0, 1, 2, 7 and 14. Estradiol had significant positive correlation with the SCC during the periods of sponge insertion (P = 0.015, r = 0.235) and within two days (P = 0.063 r = 0.23) after sponge removal with no correlation with SCC of both udder halves during the luteal phase. Progesterone
concentrations, on the other hand, had a significant positive correlation (P < 0.001; r = 0.420) with the SCC of both udder halves during the luteal phase of the experiment, but not during the periods
of sponge insertion and expected estrus. SCC returned under the influence of endogenous progesterone on days 7 and 14 to pre-synchronization
values. In conclusion, sheep milk SCC is affected significantly with induction of estrus and steroid hormones concentrations.
However, peak SCC recorded during estrus was far below the upper limit of the current standard for normal milk. With the current
standards for SCC of 1,000,000/ml as legal limit for abnormal milk control programs in sheep, estrus synchronization programs
and the estrus status should not be considered when bulk-tank milk SCC is being investigated, but should be considered during
the process of setting new standards. 相似文献
2.
Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes supplementation on milk production and nutrient utilization in Murrah buffaloes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shekhar Chandra Thakur Sudarshan S. Shelke Sachin K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(7):1465-1470
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of commercial exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (EFE) mixture added at 1.5
and 3.0 g (cellulase 4,000 μM glucose/g/h + xylanase 7,990 μM xylose/g/min; 50:50 w/w) per kilogram of dry matter (DM) of feed on nutrient digestibility, milk production, milk composition, and some blood constituents
in lactating Murrah buffaloes. Eighteen buffaloes were allotted to three dietary treatments, on the basis of milk yield (8.48,
8.52, and 8.53 kg/day) and days in lactation (68.5, 80.33, and 82.00) for 90 days. The buffaloes were fed a total mixed ration
(TMR) comprising of 45% chaffed wheat straw, 15% chopped green maize, and 40% concentrate on DM basis (control group), the
same TMR plus EFE at 1.5 g/kg DM (T-1 group) and the same TMR plus EFE at 3.0 g/kg DM (T-2 group) supplemented through the
concentrate mixture. There was no effect of fortifying EFE mixture on DM intake and crude protein intake (grams per day) whereas
total digestible nutrients intake (kilogram per day) was higher by (P < 0.05) 12.53% in T-1 group over that of control, and there was no significant difference between T-2 and control groups.
The average daily milk yield and 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield was higher (P < 0.05) by 12.99% and 15.17% in T-1 group as over that of control, and there was no difference between T-2 and control groups.
There was no (P > 0.05) difference in blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen concentration in different experimental groups. It is concluded
that supplementation of cellulase and xylanase mixture at 1.5 g/kg of DM of TMR containing wheat straw (45%), green maize
(15%), and concentrate (40%) on DM basis significantly increased (P < 0.05) the average daily milk yield and FCM yield in Murrah buffaloes due to improved dietary fiber digestion. 相似文献
3.
Gianluca Neglia Bianca Gasparrini Domenico Vecchio Marcello Rubessa Rossella Di Palo Luigi Zicarelli Giuseppe Campanile 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1243-1247
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous progesterone supplementation on superovulatory response in buffaloes
that has undergone a multiple ovulation program. Fourteen Mediterranean buffaloes were divided into two groups and received
a 4-day decreasing dosage of an equal mixture of 500 IU of FSH and LH starting on day 8 of the cycle. In group A (n = 7) a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device was removed on day 8, whereas in group B (n = 7) it was left till day 10, when PGF2a {\hbox{PG}}{{\hbox{F}}_{{2}\alpha }} was administered. Eighty hours later, buffaloes were artificially inseminated and after 6 days they undergone uterine flushing.
A higher (P < 0.05) number of corpora lutea (8.3 vs. 5.7) and embryo/flushing/buffalo (2.3 vs. 1.3) were recorded in group B vs. group
A if responsive buffaloes are considered (n = 12) and the number of corpora lutea was highly correlated with the number of embryos (r = 0.65; P < 0.05). In conclusion, progesterone supplementation during the first 2 days of the superovulation treatment seems to enhance
the recovery rate in buffalo species. A high ovulation rate, associated with a high number of corpora lutea, can represent
a parameter for estimating embryo recovery. 相似文献
4.
Amin Tamadon Mojtaba Kafi Mehdi Saeb Abdolah Mirzaei Saedeh Saeb 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(1):29-34
The relations between body condition score (BCS), milk yield, serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) profile, and luteal
activity were investigated in postpartum dairy cows. Seventy-one healthy high-producing multiparous Holstein cows were subjected
to transrectal ultrasound scanning twice weekly from the first to the eighth week postpartum. Blood samples were collected
twice weekly to measure serum progesterone (P4) and every 2 weeks to detect serum IGF-I concentrations. BCS was monitored
weekly after calving. Cows with serum P4 concentrations ≥1 ng/ml on at least two consecutive samplings were considered to
have commenced luteal activity. Commencement of luteal activity (C-LA) was observed earlier than 45 days postpartum in 71.8%
of cows while 28.2% showed C-LA later than 45 days. Prolonged luteal phase was the most common abnormal pattern of luteal
activity observed. Cows with a C-LA earlier than 45 days postpartum had higher (P ≤ 0.05) mean serum concentrations of IGF-I than those with later C-LA. In addition, cows which showed C-LA earlier than 45 days
postpartum had more optimal productive indices including shorter calving to conception interval and calving to first service
interval (P ≤ 0.05), and fewer services per conception (P = 0.07). C-LA was significantly later in cows that lost more than 0.5 BCS units within 3 weeks postpartum than in those that
lost less than 0.5 units BCS during the same interval (P = 0.02). We conclude that high-producing dairy cows with higher postpartum serum IGF-I concentrations have earlier commencement
and normal luteal activity, and better reproductive performance. Severity and duration of BCS loss adversely affect commencement
of luteal activity. 相似文献
5.
Armando José Oropeza Ángel F. Rojas Miguel A. Velazquez Juan D. Muro Ysabel C. Márquez Lourdes T. Vilanova 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1149-1154
The objective of the study was to determine the efficiency of ovsynch (OV) versus presynch-ovsynch (P-OV) protocol for synchronization
of ovulation and timed artificial insemination (TAI) in female buffaloes. The OV group (n = 40) received gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 0 (random day of the estrous cycle), prostaglandin ( PGF2a ) \left( {{\hbox{PG}}{{\hbox{F}}_{2\alpha }}} \right) on day 7 and a second GnRH administration on day 9 followed by a single artificial insemination (AI) 16-20 h later. The P-OV
group (n = 40) received two PGF2a {\hbox{PG}}{{\hbox{F}}_{2\alpha }} injections 14 days apart, with the second injection administered 14 days before starting the OV protocol. Progesterone (P4) was measured at the time of PGF2a {\hbox{PG}}{{\hbox{F}}_{2\alpha }} administration (within the OV protocol) and AI. Neither ovulation rate ((24 h after TAI) OV 90%-36/40 vs. P-OV 85%-34/40)
nor pregnancy rates ((day 60 after TAI) OV 35%-14/40 vs. P-OV 45%-18/40) differed between the two protocols. Pregnant buffaloes
had lower concentrations of P4 at AI compared with non-pregnant animals in the OV group (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 ng/ml); but in the P-OV group, differences
did not reach statistical significance (0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1 ng/ml). This apparent trend reached statistical significance
when the analysis was carried out in animals from both protocols (0.7 ± 0.1 (pregnant) vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 (non-pregnant) ng/ml).
In conclusion, both protocols synchronize ovulation effectively with no significant differences in conception rates. High
concentrations of P4 at AI seem to be detrimental for the establishment of pregnancy in lactating buffalo cows. 相似文献
6.
Turgish A Banu Mohammed Shamsuddin Jayonta Bhattacharjee Mohammad F Islam Saiful I Khan Jalal U Ahmed 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):30
Background
Application of assisted reproductive technologies in buffaloes is limited to some extent by farmers’ inability to detect oestrus because of its poor expression. The present study aimed at investigating reliability of a milk progesterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess the ovarian cyclicity during post partum, oestrus and post-breeding periods in water buffaloes.Methods
Progesterone concentrations were measured by an ELISA in milk of 23 postpartum buffaloes in relation to oestrus, pregnancy, body condition score (BCS) and milk production. Two milk samples were taken at 10 days intervals, every month starting from day 30 and continued to day 150 post partum. BCS and milk production were recorded during sample collection. Milk samples from bred buffaloes were collected at Day 0 (day of breeding), Days 10–12 and Days 22–24. Defatted milk was preserved at −80°C until analysis. Pregnancy was confirmed by palpation per rectum on Days 70–90.Results
Seventeen buffaloes had 47 ovulatory cycles, one to four in each, 13 were detected in oestrus once (28 % oestrus detection rate). Progesterone concentration ≥1 ng/ml in one of the two 10-day-interval milk samples reflected ovulation and corpus luteum formation. The intervals between calving to first luteal activity and to first detected oestrus varied from 41 to 123 days (n = 17) and 83 to 135 (n = 13) days, respectively. Eight buffaloes were bred in the course of the study and seven were found pregnant. These buffaloes had a progesterone profile of low (<1 ng/ml), high (≥ 1 ng/ml) and high (≥ 1 ng/ml) on Day 0, Days 10–12 and Days 22–24, respectively. Buffaloes cycling later in the postpartum period had fewer missed oestruses (P < 0.05). Buffaloes with a superior BCS had a shorter calving to oestrus interval and produced more milk (P < 0.05).Conclusions
Milk progesterone ELISA is a reliable tool for monitoring ovarian cyclicity and good BCS may be an indicator of resuming cyclicity in water buffalo. 相似文献7.
Tyagi Nitin Thakur Sudarshan S. Shelke Sachin K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(8):1749-1755
Objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of supplementation of bypass fat on milk production and reproductive
performance of crossbred cows. Nineteen multiparous crossbred cows (2–4 lactation) were divided in two groups on the basis
of most probable production ability (MPPA). The animals in group 1 (nine cows, MPPA 3,441.32 kg, control group G1) were fed
chaffed wheat straw, chopped green maize, and concentrate mixture as per requirements while the animals in group 2 (10 cows,
MPPA 3,457.2 kg, treatment group G2) were fed the same ration supplemented with 2.5% bypass fat (on DMI basis). The cows of
G2 were supplemented bypass fat 40 days prepartum to 90 days postpartum and carry over effect of supplementation on milk production
and reproductive parameters was monitored up to 210 days of lactation. Average birth weights of the calves were 24.94 and
27.95 kg in G1 and G2, respectively. The calving per cent in G1 (88.88%) was lower than that of G2 (100%). The time taken
for expulsion of fetal membranes was decreased (P < 0.05) by 5.4 h in G2 compared to G1. Days required for involution of uterus was less (P < 0.05) in G2 (35.40 days) than that of G1 (49.44 days). Less number of cases of retention of fetal membranes (RFM) and metritis
were observed in G2 as compared to that of G1. The average milk yield (210 days) in G2 was higher (P < 0.05) than that of G1 (18.65 vs 17.57 kg/day). Similarly, the milk yield during the carry over period (90 days) was higher
(P < 0.05) in G2 than that of G1 (14.81 vs 13.79 kg/day). The time required for onset of cyclicity was reduced (P < 0.05) by 6.5 days in G2 as compared to that of G1. The service period and AI per conception were also reduced (P < 0.05) in G2 while bypass fat feeding showed no effect on conception rate (P < 0.80). There were no differences between the two groups in plasma cholesterol, progesterone and insulin concentrations.
Hence, it was concluded that bypass fat supplementation at 2.5% of DMI increased the milk production and reduced the time
required for involution of uterus and commencement of cyclicity. AI per conception, incidences of metritis and RFM were also
reduced on supplementing bypass fat. 相似文献
8.
Effects of supplementation and milking of Matebele does four weeks pre-partum to weaning, on milk yield, kid birth weight
and growth rate were studied. Forty does were divided into four treatments: supplemented and milked (SM), supplemented and
not milked (SNM), not supplemented and milked (NSM); and not supplemented and not milked (NSNM). Supplemented goats were given
200 g/doe/day of Dichrostachys cinerea pods containing 19% CP. The study was carried out in September during time of feed unavailability and animals were grazed
on rangelands for seven hours before being given the supplement. Fifty-six kids were born from all the experimental animals
and 24 were singles whereas 32 were twins. Milk yield was higher (P < 0.05) in supplemented than non-supplemented does. Although supplementation had no effect on kid birth weights, growth rates were
higher (P < 0.05) in the SNM group (103 ± 10.1 g/day) than in the SM group (74 ± 10.8 g/day). Among the non-supplemented groups, kids from
milked does had higher (P < 0.05) daily gains (85 ± 10.9 g/day) than those from non-milked does (67 ± 10.7 g/day). Weaning weights were higher (P < 0.05) in SNM does (12.8 ± 1.30 g/day) than in the SM does (10.2 ± 1.17 g/day). Among kids from the non-supplemented does, those
from milked does had superior (P < 0.05) weaning weights (11.2 ± 1.23 g/day) than those from non - milked does (9.2 ± 1.27 g/day). Mortalities were also lowest in
kids born from SNM does. It is concluded that pre-partum to weaning supplementation generally increases milk production which
then increases kids growth rates and weaning weights, as well as reduce kid mortalities. 相似文献
9.
The effects of prepartum supplementary feeding on the productive and reproductive performance were investigated using grazing
gestating Bunaji cows with an average initial body weight of 294.50 ± 3.75 kg. Twenty cows were allocated to a completely
randomized design, with five animals per treatment. The treatments were: A, range grazing (RG); B, RG + 100% corn bran (CB);
C, RG + 60% CB + 40% palm kernel cake (PKC), and D, RG + 60% CB + 40% dried brewer’s grains (DBG). The average daily gains
(ADG) and body condition scores (BCS) of supplemented cows were significantly better than the non-supplemented cows. Postpartum
weight loss was markedly reduced in supplemented cows compared to their non-supplemented counterparts. Mean milk offtake and
mean milk yield per lactation were significantly lower in non-supplemented cows than the supplemented ones. Among the supplemented
cows, ADG, BCS, mean milk offtake and milk yield per lactation were significantly better for cows on treatments C and D than
those on treatment B. Though insignificant, longest lactation length (LL) and shortest calving interval were obtained for
supplemented cows. Calf’s birth weight was similar among the treatments. Milk yield was significantly influenced (R2 = 0.8601) by cow’s weight, BCS and LL. 相似文献
10.
Supplementation of Slow‐Release Melatonin Improves Recovery of Ovarian Cyclicity and Conception in Summer Anoestrous Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) 下载免费PDF全文
A Kumar S Mehrotra G Singh VP Maurya K Narayanan AS Mahla RK Chaudhari M Singh YK Soni BL Kumawat SK Dabas N Srivastava 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(1):10-17
The role of melatonin as a protective neurohormone against restoring cyclicity in summer anoestrous animals in photoperiod species has gained wider acceptance. This study was designed to uncover the evidence the slow‐release melatonin (MLT) has on initiation of ovarian cyclicity and conception rate (CR) in summer anoestrous buffaloes. Thus, buffaloes diagnosed as summer anoestrous (absence of overt signs of oestrus, concurrent rectal examination and radioimmunoassay for serum progesterone at 10 days interval) were grouped as untreated (Group I, sterilized corn oil, n = 8) and treated (Group II, single subcutaneous injection of MLT @18 mg/50 kg bwt in sterilized corn oil, n = 20). Animals treated and detected in oestrus were artificially inseminated (AI) followed by division into Group III (second dose of MLT on 5th day post‐AI, n = 8) and Group IV (no melatonin administration, n = 10). Blood samples were collected at 4 days interval for estimation of serum MLT, progesterone and oestrogen using radioimmunoassay kit. Mean oestrous induction rate (OIR), oestrous induction interval (OII), interoestrous interval (IOI) and CR were estimated. Compared to control, concentration of melatonin was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in treated group ranging from 14.34 ± 1.72 to 412.31 ± 14.47 pg/ml whereas other two hormones did not show any concentration difference. Melatonin‐administered buffaloes showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher (90%) OIR with OII of 18.06 ± 1.57 days. Results showed improvement in conception rate in buffaloes administered with post‐insemination melatonin. It can be concluded from the study that slow‐release melatonin supplementation restored cyclicity in summer anoestrous animals resulting in improvement in conception rate in buffaloes. 相似文献
11.
Chávez D Maquivar M Galina CS Galindo J Molina R Molina-Montero R Estrada S 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(5):393-400
Fifty-eight nursing Zebu cows averaging 5922 days postpartum were used to evaluate the early embryonic development by ultrasound
under a natural mating system (bulls A to F). Three consecutive mating periods of 21 days were established. Sixty two percent
of the animals were diagnosed as pregnant (36/58). During the first period (AB) 76% (27/36) of the animals become pregnant,
17% (6/36) during the second (CD) and 9% (3/36) in the last mating period (EF). Sixty two percent of the animals were true
positives (animals found pregnant diagnosed by ultrasound (US), and conforming with the embryonic scale proposed by Rosiles
et al. (2006); 12% (n = 7) of false negatives (pregnant cows by US but not conforming with the scale); 2% (n = 1) of false
positives (pregnant cows, evaluated with US and conforming with the embryonic scale but not pregnant at the end of the study);
and a 26% (n = 15) of true negatives (not pregnancy evaluated with US). The sensitivity of the test was 97%, with a specificity
of 68% with a positive predictive value of 83% and a negative predictive value of 6%. Relation between the measuring scale
of embryo development and the results obtained by ultrasonography was k = 0.69. No significant correlation were observed between body condition score (BCS) evaluation and body fat (BF) measurement
at any of the three evaluations performed after mating, however, measurements of BCS and BF among time showed a positive correlation
(0.48 P < 0.05, 0.29, P < 0.07, respectively) from the beginning of the evaluation period to the end of the trial. Ultrasonography
to monitor embryonic development to determine the early establishment of pregnancy in natural mating reproductive programs
can be a valuable technique to monitor reproductive efficiency. 相似文献
12.
GS Maciel RR Uscategui VT de Almeida MEF Oliveira MAR Feliciano WRR Vicente 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(4):701-704
The occurrence of the pyometra is most common in the first half of the dioestrus when there is decreased cellular immunity associated with increased serum concentration of progesterone in females. The aim of this study was to determine the immunological profile of bitches with pyometra, studying serum levels of IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐10, IFN‐γ, KC‐like and TNF‐α and comparing them with those of healthy bitches in anoestrus, dioestrus and pregnant. Forty females were divided into four experimental groups: group 1 (G1): with pyometra (n = 10); group 2 (G2): bitches in the second week of gestation (n = 10); group 3 (G3): in anoestrus (n = 10); and group 4 (G4): in dioestrus (n = 10). The serum levels for IL‐2, KC‐like, INF‐γ and TNF‐α were similar for all experimental groups. The values obtained for IL‐10 were found increased (p < 0.001) in animals in dioestrus and pyometra compared with females in anoestrus and pregnant, and the levels of IL‐4 observed were significantly greater (p < 0.001) in bitches with pyometra when compared with others. The cytokine profile in animals with pyometra is similar to bitches in dioestrus for IL‐10 and had increase in IL‐4 for bitches with pyometra, which represents an anti‐inflammatory these cases. This suggests the presence of an immunosuppressive state in both cases, which may explain the propensity of bitches in dioestrus to be affected by pyometra and the severity of the disease on these animals. 相似文献
13.
Krishna Mohan Vijay Kumar Mihir Sarkar B. S. Prakash 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(1):21-26
The objective of this study were (1) to establish the duration of behavioral estrus signs and timing of ovulation in Murrah
buffaloes (n = 10) and (2) to determine relationship between behavioral estrus signs with change in plasma estrogen concentrations.
Estrus and its behavioral signs were detected at hourly intervals by visual observations, per recta examination of genitalia
and bull parading four times in a day for 30 minutes each. Among the behavioral signs of estrus, swollen vulva (80%) was the
best indicator of estrus followed by excitement (70%). Among the duration of behavioral estrus signs the first and longest
duration of estrus signs was swollen vulva which was seen upto 19.8 ± 0.8 h after onset of estrus. The mean total duration
of estrus symptoms from appearance to disappearance of all the behavioral estrus symptoms was 23.5 ± 1.7 h. All the behavioral
estrus symptoms were observed during the period of estrogen surge. Endocrine profile during the periestrus period showed that
the mean peak concentrations of total estrogen 23.9 ± 3.9 pg/ml occurred at 8.8 ± 1.7 h after onset of estrus. The average
number of estrus symptoms observed per animal during onset of spontaneous estrus was 5.7. Ovulation occurred after 37.4 ± 1.7 h
after onset of estrus and 13.4 ± 1.0 h after end of total estrogen surge respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest
that all signs of behavioral estrus occurred during the preovulatory rise in estrogens. The first sign of estrus to be observed
was a swollen vulva and this symptom persisted the longest. 相似文献
14.
The objective of this study was to examine the follicular characteristics and intrafollicular concentrations of nitric oxide
and ascorbic acid during ovarian acyclicity in buffaloes. Ovaries were collected from 56 acyclic and 95 cyclic buffaloes at
slaughter, surface follicle number was counted and follicles were classified into small (5.0–6.9 mm), medium (7.0–9.9 mm),
and large (≥10.0 mm) size categories based on their diameter. Follicular fluid was aspirated and assayed for nitric oxide,
ascorbic acid, estradiol, and progesterone. Acyclic buffaloes had a higher (P < 0.05) number of medium-sized follicles and a lower (P < 0.001) number of large follicles than the cyclic ones. In acyclic animals, the number of large follicles was lower (P < 0.01) than in medium size category which in turn was lower (P < 0.001) than the number of small follicles. In contrast, the number of medium and large follicles was not different (P > 0.05) in the cyclic control. However, the number of small-sized follicles was higher (P < 0.001) compared to the other two categories. The incidence of large-sized follicles was lower (P < 0.05) in acyclic buffalo population compared to the cyclic control. Evaluation of estrogenic status demonstrated that all
the follicles of acyclic buffaloes are estrogen-inactive (E
2/P
4 ratio < 1). Small- and medium-sized follicles of acyclic buffaloes had higher concentrations of nitric oxide (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) and lower concentrations of ascorbic acid (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) than the corresponding size estrogen-active follicles of their cyclic counterparts. In conclusion,
this study indicates that follicular development continues during acyclicity in buffaloes. Although follicles in some acyclic
buffaloes attain a size corresponding to morphological dominance, they are unable to achieve functional dominance, perhaps
due to an altered balance of intrafollicular nitric oxide and ascorbic acid and, as a result, these follicles instead of progressing
to ovulation undergo atresia. 相似文献
15.
Aly Mohamed Karen Samy Darwish Adel Ramoun Khalid Tawfeek Nguyen Van Hanh Noelita Melo de Sousa Jose Sulon Otto Szenci Jean-Francios Beckers 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(1):5-7
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of transrectal palpation (TRP) for diagnosing early pregnancy in
buffaloes and the false diagnoses of the TRP test by using the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein radioimmunoassay (PAG-RIA)
test. Pregnancy was diagnosed in 168 buffalo–cows once by TRP and PAG-RIA test between days 31 and 55 after breeding. The
sensitivity of TRP for detecting pregnant buffalo–cows was 37.5% at days 31–35, increased to 93.8% at days 46–50 and reached
100% at days 51–55 (P < 0.01). All cases of false negative diagnoses (n = 10) had PAG concentration higher than the threshold (≥1.8 ng/mL) for diagnosing pregnancy. The specificity of TRP for detecting
non-pregnant buffalo cows ranged between 90.9%, and 100% between days 31 and 55. All cases of false positive diagnoses (n = 5) made by TRP had PAG concentrations lower than the threshold for diagnosing pregnancy. It could be concluded that TRP
is an accurate method for diagnosing pregnant and non-pregnant buffalo cows from day 46 after breeding. 相似文献
16.
The impact of cross‐breeding Egyptian and Italian buffalo on reproductive and productive performance under a subtropical environment 下载免费PDF全文
MAF Nasr 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(2):214-220
The aim of this study was to investigate the reproductive and productive performance of pure Egyptian (PE) buffaloes and their crosses with Italian buffaloes. In this study, 2969 dairy buffaloes were used (1599 PE; 615 F1 crosses, 50% PE and 50% Italian buffaloes; and 755 backcross [BC], 75% PE and 25% Italian buffaloes). When compared to PE, the BC and F1 had a significantly lower incidence of calving difficulty (odds ratio [OR] = 0.18, p < .0001 and .34, p < .0001, respectively) in conjunction with a lesser incidence of stillbirth (OR = 0.06, p < .0001 and 0.43, p < .0001, respectively). Backcross buffaloes were also noted to have a lower rate of not conceived after first insemination (OR = 0.74, p < .0001) in comparison with PE. The cross F1 buffaloes were superior in terms of productive traits, whereas PE buffaloes were best in most of the reproductive traits (days of non‐pregnant p = .001, service per conception p < .0001 and calf weight p = .01). Although the study results appeared to indicate towards a contrary association between milk production and reproductive traits, BC was similar to F1 in terms of production and similar to PE in terms of reproductive traits. Thus, the farmers should be encouraged to breed BC animals in their herds for enhancing milk yield to meet with the market demands. 相似文献
17.
The study was conducted on 18 lactating Murrah buffaloes in 83.72 ± 14.75 days after calving. Group I buffaloes were not injected
with oxytocin and served as control. Buffaloes of Group II were injected with oxytocin @ 2.5 IU per 0.5 ml intramuscularly
at the hip region for a period of 1 month while Group III buffaloes received injection of oxytocin @ 5.0 IU per ml intramuscularly
at the hip region for a period of 1 month. Milk samples from three groups of buffaloes were collected after oxytocin injections
at 15 days interval on 0, 15, 30 and 45 days. Blood samples were collected in heparinized tubes at 0, 15, 30 and 45 days of
experiment from all three groups of buffaloes. There was no significant change in cisternal, alveolar and total milk yield
by exogenous oxytocin administration. Fat % in cisternal, alveolar and total milk decreased significantly (P < 0.01) by 11.8%
and 21.3% in groups II and III buffaloes, respectively. Protein % increased significantly (P < 0.01) in group III. A significant
increase was observed in somatic cell counts of milk by 5.36% and 6.22% in groups II and III, respectively as compared to
control group.
Part of MV. Sc. Thesis of the first author submitted to National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University) 相似文献
18.
Ranjan K. Mohanta Kamal K. Singhal Amrish K. Tyagi Y. S. Rajput Shiv Prasad 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(3):431-438
The effects of feeding transgenic (Bt) whole cottonseed (WCS) were studied in lactating cows. Twenty multiparous crossbred
cows (Karan Swiss × Karan Fries) in early lactation were given a concentrate mixture containing 40% crushed delinted non-transgenic
(non-Bt) WCS, 2 kg wheat straw and green fodder ad lib for a 15-day adaptation period. Thereafter, the cows were divided in two similar groups of 10 each on the basis of milk yield,
body weight (BW) and date of calving. The non-Bt control group continued on same ration, while for the Bt group the non-Bt
WCS was replaced by transgenic WCS, in a feeding trial of four weeks. The diets provided a minimum of 2 kg cottonseed/cow/d.
Mean DMI/100 kg BW and milk yield of non-Bt and Bt groups was 3.48 and 3.45 kg and 11.4 and 12.0 kg/d, respectively. Intake
of nutrients, digestibility, milk production and body condition score (BCS) did not differ between the groups (P > 0.05),
but BW gain was higher (P < 0.05) in the Bt group than the non-Bt group, probably as a result of hoof problem in two cows
of non-Bt group, which when compared excluding two animals from each group did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). Transgenic
protein (Cry1C) was not detected in the weekly milk samples or in blood plasma at the end of the experiment, showing that
delinted WCS containing Cry1C protein can safely be fed to lactating cows. 相似文献
19.
James Madzimure Carmen Musimurimwa Eliton Chivandi Lovemore Gwiriri Eddison Mamhare 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(1):77-82
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of partially substituting cottonseed cake with graded levels of baobab
(Adansonia digitata L.) seed cake (BSC) on milk yield and quality in Guernsey cows. Sixteen cows in mid-lactation and in their third parity were
allocated to diets containing 0% (control), 5%, 10%, and 15% BSC in a completely randomized design. Each cow was given a daily
feed ration of 6 kg and a basal diet of soya bean stover ad libitum. There were no differences in daily feed intake (P > 0.05), but basal intake differed among all treatment groups with cows on the control diet having the highest intake (30 ± 0.34 kg/day).
Mean daily milk yield differed (P < 0.05) among all treatment groups. However, the control had higher milk yield of 12.1 ± 0.73 kg/day, and the 15% BSC had
the least yield of 7.46 ± 0.73 kg/day. Cows on the control diet had higher milk butterfat content (6.12%; P < 0.05) than those on the BSC-based diets. Protein content differed (P < 0.05) across all treatment groups with cows on 15% BSC producing the highest protein content (3.43%) while the control
had the least (2.6%). The concentration of milk total solids for cows fed on 15% BSC was higher (P < 0.05) than that from cows on other diets. Lactose content was not affected by the diets (P > 0.05). These results indicate that BSC can substitute soya bean cake in dairy diets, but milk production and butterfat
content are compromised. 相似文献
20.
A two-year longitudinal study was conducted to assess the reproductive and lactation performances of smallholder crossbred
dairy cattle in Fitche, central Ethiopia. Twenty-four smallholder dairy farms were monitored and data on reproductive, breeding,
lactation and management aspects of crossbred dairy cows (n = 69) were collected and analysed. Moreover, milk samples were collected and analysed for progesterone. The overall Least-squares
means for calving interval (CI), calving to conception interval (CCI) and first observed oestrus after calving were 516, 253
and 141 days, respectively. Suckling significantly prolonged these intervals. The mean first onset of luteal activity (OLA)
after calving was 52 days, while 67.4% (n = 43) had a delayed (>55 days) return to cyclicity after calving. Suckling and parity number significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the OLA. The mean lactation length was 54.4 weeks. The overall daily mean milk yield for the first 43 weeks
of lactation after calving was 11.7 L/day. The estimated daily milk yield increased slowly and reached peak (13.8 L/day) around
the 11th week post partum and declined gradually and steadily. Suckling status, season of calving and parity number significantly influenced the estimated
daily milk yield. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the smallholder crossbred dairy cows in the study area had
prolonged intervals to first oestrus after calving, to conception and to the next calving, and thus their reproductive performance
is unsatisfactory. Delayed first onset of luteal activity (postpartum anoestrus) contributed to these extended intervals.
Further detailed investigation is suggested to examine the effects of other relevant factors on the reproductive and lactation
performances of smallholder crossbred dairy cows for appropriate intervention. 相似文献