菜薹(心)新品种油绿50天菜心的选育

油绿50天菜心是利用四九菜心与50天菜心杂交选育的151菜心为母本，以60天菜心为父本杂交经过连续8代自交选育而成。该品种生长势强、株型紧凑，株高28．4cm，株幅23．9cm，基叶椭圆形、深油绿色。叶长21.1cm，宽9．8cm，叶柄短，为6．4cm；菜薹矮壮、紧实、匀称、油绿有光泽，主薹高19．50cm，横径1．45cm，质量35～40g。早熟，播种至初收33～35d（天），抽薹整齐，齐1：2花，味甜，纤维少，品质优，适宜出1：2，每667m^2产量1000kg左右，适于华南地区种植。     

柳杂二号菜薹丰产栽培技术

柳杂二号菜薹是广西柳州市农业科学研究所利用菜心胞质雄性不育系作母本，当地优良菜心品种自交系作父本选育的早中熟、丰产、优质杂种一代薹叶两用型菜薹（心）新品种。该品种具有适应性广、较耐高温、抗逆性强、品质优、纤维少、无苦味、清甜脆嫩等特点。１特征特性作菜薹栽培，自播种至初采３５～４０天，延采２０天。叶、薹绿色，色泽油亮，薹叶长卵形，薹叶少而小；始采薹植株自然高度３７．５cm，主薹高３１．６cm，主薹平均茎粗１．４９cm；生长势强，抽薹迅速，侧薹萌发多，平均一级侧薹５．０根／株，二级侧薹３．０根／株，三级侧…     

出口型菜心新品种油绿701的选育

油绿701生长势强,株形较矮壮,株高30.4 cm,株幅26.7 cm;基叶稍柳叶形,薹叶柳叶形,薹叶少,节疏,菜薹紧实匀称,不易空心,耐贮运,油绿有光泽,主薹高23～25 cm,横径1.5～2 cm,质量45～50 g.中迟熟,播种至初收37～43天,延续采收7～10天.抽薹整齐,商品综合性状好,品质佳.耐病毒病、霜霉病,适应性广,抗逆性强,丰产稳产,每667 m2产量1 000～1 500kg,适宜出口.     

澄海大芥蓝丰产栽培技术

澄海大芥蓝以其薹心粗大、肉质爽脆、风味佳而倍受欢迎.大芥蓝是广东地区的的通俗叫法,因该芥蓝的主薹比普通的芥蓝粗大得多,一般不采收侧薹而得名.广东省各地种子商前后推出了不少品种,如杂优大心芥蓝、澄海四季大种芥蓝等,其品种特性相近,以中筷芥蓝为例,该品种株高30 cm,开展度25 cm,叶卵形,叶面微皱,蜡粉少,薹柱粗大(3～4 cm),主薹节间较疏(4～5 cm),薹叶长卵形,花白色,主薹重为150～350 g,每667 m2产量1 300～2 000 kg.现将其丰产栽培技术介绍如下.     

菜薹(菜心)新品种早优3号的选育

早优3号为高代自交系A-50-4和B45配制而成的一代杂种。生长势强,植株半直立,株高29.6cm,开展度25.4cm;基叶长椭圆形,长19.4cm,宽10.2cm,深油绿色,叶柄长7.4cm;薹叶狭卵形,菜薹匀条适中,油绿有光泽,主薹高19.0cm,横径1.41cm,单株质量约40g。早熟,播种至初收33~35d(天),抽薹整齐,采收期集中,以采收主薹为主;纤维少,薹质脆嫩,齐口花,净菜率高,每667m2产量700kg左右,适于华南地区种植。     

薹用韭菜

薹用韭菜(又称韭菜花)系江西省吉安市的特产.其抽生出的花薹嫩绿可口,香味浓郁,质脆无渣.近年来,产品畅销南昌、赣州等地,倍受消费者青睐,成为夏秋蔬菜市场上走俏的高档蔬菜.特征特性植株半直立,株高26—30cm,分蘖能力强,叶片较粗硬,叶色深绿.花薹近圆形而实心,茎粗0.5—0.7cm,薹长32—35cm.花苞呈椭圆形,长1.5一2.0cm.花薹具有连续抽生的特性,自6月上旬开始抽生,一直可持续到9月下旬.抽薹最适温度为:白天28—33℃,夜间25℃左右.一般亩产量1500—2000kg,产值6000元左右,纯收入3500元以上.     

早熟红菜薹新品种鄂红一号、二号

鄂红一号、鄂红二号系湖北省农科院蔬菜科技中心新近培育的早熟红菜薹杂交新品种,于2003年2月通过湖北省品种审定委员会审定。1特征特性①鄂红一号(特早50天)早熟,播种到始收50天左右,耐热,抗病性强,株高45～50cm,开展度60～65cm,基生莲座叶7～9片,叶片顶端为尖形,薹叶尖小,菜薹紫色少蜡粉,色泽较鲜艳,肥嫩,单薹重50～80g,薹长25～35cm,横径1.5～2.0cm,元旦节前采收完毕,一般每667m2产量2000kg左右。②鄂红二号(鄂红60)早中熟,从播种到始收60～70天,耐寒,抗病性强,株高50～55cm,开展度65～70cm,基生莲座叶7～10片,叶色绿,叶柄、叶主脉为紫红…     

菜心新品种 --油绿70天

油绿70天菜心为广州市蔬菜科学研究所最新育成的优质、丰产、中晚熟油青菜心新品种。该品种表现生长势强,整齐一致,薹色油绿,商品性好,品质优,符合市销和出口要求,品比试验表明产量较对照香港70天油青菜心增产20 %以上,丰产性好,近年来在生产上进行试种,反应良好,广泛受到欢迎。一、主要特征特性油绿70天菜心生长势强,株形紧凑,株高37 cm,基叶长卵形,绿色,长28.6 cm,宽11.1 cm,叶柄长10.8 cm;薹叶少,椭圆形,外形美观,紧实匀称,油绿有光泽,主薹高25～27 cm,横径1.5～2 cm,质量45～60 g。中晚熟,播种至初收40～45 d,可延续采收10～15 d。抽薹…     

薹干栽培技术

薹干是一种清脆可口,营养丰富的干制名菜,一般667平方米一茬产干菜70千克左右,产值2000元左右,高的可达2500元左右。薹干生长期短,全生育期3个月,其中育苗期25～30天,因此极适合夏秋作物的下茬和小麦的前茬种植。如我们推广多年的“小麦—玉米—薹干”、“小麦—西瓜—薹干”等栽培模式,经济效益都较高。     

菜心新品种绿宝70天的选育

绿宝 70天菜心是从迟心 2号菜心中的变异株系统选育而成的新品种。该品种生长势强 ,株型紧凑 ,薹叶柳叶形 ,主薹高 2 2～ 2 6cm ,横径 1.5～ 1.8cm ,青绿色 ,菜薹节疏条匀具光泽 ,约 45g ;中迟熟 ,播种至初收 39～45d(天 ) ,可延续采收 10d(天 ) ,以收主薹为主 ;纤维少 ,薹质脆嫩 ,齐口花 ,净菜率高达 6 0 %以上 ,品质优 ,适宜市销和出口 ;每 6 6 7m2 产量为 10 0 0kg左右。适于华南地区种植     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Ergebnisse der Leistungsprüfungen der Süßkirschensorte ‚Stella‘ auf Gisela- und Weiroot-Unterlagen in Bulgarien

Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.