马黄曲霉毒素中毒性流产的诊断研究

陕西眉县土岭马场突发性马流产,主要病理变化为皮下,粘膜及内脏出血,肝脏和肾脏变性坏死。真菌检验:该场各种饲草、饲料及畜体内外环境中黄曲霉出现率为100％,污染率为8.3～100％。黄曲霉毒素B_1测定:1.流产马驹胃肠内容物、马厩暴皿培养及混合饲料中,产生黄曲霉毒素B_1菌株检出率为96.3％;2.混合饲料中黄曲霉毒素B_1含量为250ppb;3.流产马驹肝脏中黄曲霉毒素B_1残留量达60ppb。生物活性测定证实,自饲料与畜体分离的黄曲霉均具有较强烈的病原性与致死性。     

伊维菌素控制春乏期羊狂蝇蛆病试验

目的为有效预防和控制羊狂蝇蛆病的发生。方法选用伊维菌素在羊狂蝇成虫完全消失的11月进行驱杀羊狂蝇蛆试验,并以敌敌畏熏蒸作为对照。结果在来年羊狂蝇成蝇出现之前的长达7个月的冬春枯草季节,伊维菌素组驱虫率和驱净率均保持100％,而敌敌畏熏蒸组驱虫率保持94．69％,驱净率仅保持60％。结论选择每年11月份用伊维菌素驱虫一次,可使羊在冬春季节无任何阶段羊狂蝇幼虫寄生。     

TUBERCULOSIS-LIKE GRANULOMAS IN CATTLE CAUSED BY ACTINOMYCETES

From 280 lesions from normal cattle at slaughter, 10 were found to contain thin, branching, Gram-positive organisms belonging to the Nocardia/Streptomyces group and this was confirmed by culture in 3 cases. Macroscopically the older lesions were similar in appearance to those of tuberculosis. Microscopically, all lesions contained numerous foreign body giant cells and thin, branching organisms. The older lesions also contained areas of necrosis, caseation, mineralisation and fibrosis.     

环境镉致绵羊肺损害的病理发生及特点

对甘肃白银矿区中毒绵羊的肺组织进行了元素分析及病理组织学和超微结构观察，并与人工实验中毒病例进行比较，确认肺脏的损害主要是由于环境污染镉在其蓄积所致。组织学变化的特征是慢性肺泡隔炎，细支气管炎，细支气管周围炎，小动脉管壁玻璃样变，血管周围炎，片状纤维结缔组织增生和纤维化。电镜观察发现，肺泡巨噬细胞出现明显的膜性损害，Ｉ型上皮变性和坏死，Ⅱ型上皮增生及肺泡隔大量胶原束形成。作者认为，肺脏是环境镉在绵     

THE DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY IN SHEEP BY ABDOMINAL PALPATION

Pregnancy diagnosis in Merino ewes by abdominal palpation was 80 to 95 percent accurate in ewes 90 to 130 days pregnant. The ease with which the foetus could be palpated increased with increasing gestational age. Animals in store body condition were more easily diagnosed than those in forward store condition. Withholding feed and water for 12 to 24 hours increased the ease of diagnosis. One operator and two assistants could perform the technique at a rate of 150 to 200 sheep per hour. The animals were held in the sitting position and no special restraining apparatus was necessary. The potential for using this technique may be associated with investigations of reproductive wastage or the selection of pregnant animals for preferential management during drought conditions.