动物卫生监督执法人员的责任追究问题

近几年来,有的地方发生了动物卫生监督执法人员被追责的情况,有的被行政处分,有的被追究刑事责任,致使有执法人员产生了调离动物卫生监督机构的想法,影响了动物卫生监督工作的开展。笔者认为这是动物卫生监督执法走向成熟的“阵痛期”,或者称之为“过渡期”。这是由于2008年新《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》施行以来,动物卫生监督机构的法律地位大为提高,社会各界对动物卫生监督机构及其执法人员的期望值也大增,期望值很高,而我们动物卫生监督执法人员执法素质和应对能力还远不适应,便形成了当前这个阵痛期。走出“阵痛期”,需要进一步完善法律制度,加强法制学习与宣传,增强法律意识、法律素质,增强依法行政的能力,提高应对能力。     

浅议草原法中规定的行政处分

我国草原分布范围极广,各地的经济发展水平差异较大,并且在草原管理中需要重点解决的问题也不太一样。我国草原法律体系中对行政处分的规定纷繁复杂,法律、行政法规、部门规章与地方性法规、地方政府规章以及不同区域的地方性法规、地方政府规章之间对行政处分的规定不尽相同,例如应当对其进行行政处分的行政违法行为种类以及受处分人的范围等。通过对草原法中规定的行政处分的分析,认为严格和准确适用草原法的行政处分手段,是新时期草原法律保护最基本的措施。     

论违反《饲料和饲料添加剂管理条例》的法律责任

2001年11月29日,国务院对《饲料和饲料添加剂管理条例》(以下简称《条例》)进行了修订,新增条款三条(第8、19、29条),修改四条(28、30、31、32条)。修订的重点集中在罚则部分,明确了违反《条例》依照《刑法》应追究的三种刑事责任,同时新增了对不按农业部规定使用饲料添加剂及在饲料和动物饮水中添加违禁药品的处罚规定。这些,都是从事饲料管理的执法人员需要重点熟悉和掌握的,笔者在此对违反《条例》应负的行政责任和刑事责任探讨如下。1行政责任行政责任是指法律关系主体由于违反行政法律规范,所应承担的一种行政法律后果,分为行政处分和…     

对一起模拟运输生猪未附有检疫证明案例的分析与探讨

近期,我市动物卫生监督所为提高动物卫生监督执法人员的业务素质和执法水平,组织执法人员对过去发生的动物卫生违法案例以及可能发生的模拟案例,从案由确定、执法程序、法律适用以及行政救济等方面     

非法批地占地行政惩处有据

国土资源部与监察部日前联合发布《关于违反土地管理规定行为行政处分暂行办法》。 两部委发布的暂行办法规定,对于单位或者个人非法批准征用、占用土地的,按照非法批准征用、占用土地的面积大小和土地种类,分别给予有关责任人员不同的行政处分;而非法批准征占用     

一起经营未经检疫动物产品案的处罚经过及思考

1案情介绍2011年1月18日,察右前旗动物卫生监督所执法人员在对镇内菜市场进行监督检查时,有人举报肉类经营者李XX从X盟X旗购入牛头、牛蹄在菜市场销售,察右前旗动物卫生监督所（以下简称监督所）立即派执法人员前往李XX家进行调查取证。     

一起购销病死猪牛肉产品案件的查处

2008年7月9日,贵州省务川县畜牧局动物卫生监督所执法人员接到群众举报,在县城区万担仓附近有人非法收购、贮藏、加工病死猪牛肉。接到举报后,执法人员到嫌疑人张某家,未发现病死猪牛尸体及其产品。张某不承认收购病死和死因不明的猪牛死尸及其产品,但执法人员从该场所散发出的气味判定,此处收购、加工过病死猪牛肉尸体。     

一起未办理审批手续跨省引进乳用动物行政处罚案例的分析和体会

2010年9月29日,浙江省台州市某区动物卫生监督所接到群众举报,通过该所执法人员初步现场检查发现,奶牛饲养户陆某未办理审批手续从省外调入54头奶牛,之后该所立即对陆某作出立案调查处理。立案后,通过指派的两名执法人员调查取证,查明：当事人陆某在2010年9月22日夜,从江苏省无锡市某区调入二车共计54头奶牛,     

小议质监执法取证的内容和原则

本文从质监执法取证的内容和原则两方面论述了行政执法中取证的重要性,重点论述了制作现场检查笔录和调查笔录时应注意的问题。要求质监执法人员在准确合法执法的同时应努力提高自身素质,以适应日益发展的社会对执法人员的要求。     

巴中市出台饲料、兽药执法管理十条规定

一是规范执法人员管理。定期对从事饲料、兽药管理的执法人员要进行资格审查，并结合竞争上岗，实行“末位淘汰制”。     

Anaesthesia and analgesia of the donkey and the mule

The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse.     

Ultrasonographic examination of the caecum and the proximal and spiral ansa of the colon of cattle

The large intestine of 10 cows was examined from the right abdominal wall with a 3.5 MHz linear transducer. The cows were then slaughtered, and the organs were re-examined in a water bath. The caecum was visualised from the middle region of the abdominal wall. It ran caudo-cranially, varied in diameter from 5.2 to 18.0 cm and was situated immediately adjacent to the abdominal wall. The lateral wall of the caecum appeared as a thick, echogenic, crescent-shaped line. It could be visualised as far cranially as the 12th intercostal space. Although its junction could not be identified, the proximal ansa of the colon was recognised on the basis of its anatomical position and its diameter, which was smaller than that of the caecum. The spiral ansa of the colon and the descending colon were situated dorsal to the caecum and could be identified by moving the transducer horizontally along the abdominal wall to the last rib. The spiral ansa of the colon was situated ventral to the descending colon, and its walls appeared as thick echogenic lines. In a contracted state, the spiral colon had the appearance of a garland.     

加强兽药研究开发提升行业科技创新水平

提升行业科技创新水平为主题,回顾和分析了我国新兽药研究开发的历程和研究现状及面临的形势,并围绕创新与发展的要求,提出了加强兽药研究开发的对策及建议。     

Effects of age and diet on the development of the pancreas and the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the young pig

Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas and intestinal contents, pancreas weights and body weights were determined from birth to 56 d. A total of 120 pigs, five to seven pigs/litter from 18 litters, were slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 and 56 d. Litters were allotted to dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; corn-soy + 5% lard, C) and offered these diets as creep feed at 14 d. All pigs were weaned at 28 d, placed in elevated nursery pens and fed their respective diets. Total activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the pancreas and small intestine increased (P less than .05) with age. Both trypsin and amylase activities, measured per kilogram body weight or gram pancreas weight, were low at 29 d in the intestine and increased to 56 d. Pigs on diet B had the highest level of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents (P less than .05). Trypsin activity in the pancreas (units/kg body weight) was lowest (P less than .05) for pigs on diet B and highest (P less than .05) for those on diet C (units/g pancreas and units/kg body weight). Amylase activity (units/kg body weight) was lower (P less than .05) in the pancreas for pigs on diet B than for those on diets A and C. Pigs on diet A had lower (P less than .01) intestinal amylase activities than those on diets B and C. Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and pancreas were low following weaning. In the pancreas, activities decreased at 31 d.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The behavior and the husbandry conditions of small laboratory animals--possibilities and limits of the evaluation of the appropriateness and fairness of the treatment of animals

Ethological studies are important means to evaluate the behaviour of small laboratory animals (mouse, rat, guinea-pig and rabbit) and their housing conditions. At any rate, the only sparse range of body expressions, the smallness and preference of night activity of these animals and the erratic occurrence of essential behaviour patterns make the investigations more difficult. On the other hand, the standardization of laboratory housing and the genetic definition of these animals turn out to be favourable. By this way, behaviour-environment-relationships are suitable for evaluation. Taking into consideration methodical and biological restrictions, the specific activities such as fight, relaxed resting behaviour and play as well as unbalanced behaviour patterns and stereotypes can be taken as means of evaluation. Particularly in mice and rabbits, upright position and space consuming activities will be possibly restricted by cage sizes.     

Relation between the concentration of sodium and potassium in the erythrocytes of dairy cows and the concentration of these elements in the plasma and urine and the level of blood glucose

Blood and urine samples of 180 dairy cows from 12 herds were examined. Sodium and potassium concentrations were determined in erythrocytes, whole blood, plasma, urine, and glucose concentration in blood: the interrelations were compared. Sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes were 85.15 +/- 11.45 mmol/l, and 25.93 +/- 7.81 mmol/l, respectively. A statistically significant relation was found between sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes (r = 0.3467+++) and the content of electrolyte in blood cells and in whole blood (Na: r = 0.5336+++; K: r = 0.3561+++). No statistically significant relation of intraerythrocyte concentration of both electrolytes was confirmed with respect to the other characteristics (sodium and potassium concentrations in plasma and urine, and glucose concentration in blood). In the conditions of routine laboratory diagnostics in clinically healthy cows, determinations of intraerythrocyte sodium and potassium do not broaden possibilities of evaluating the metabolic state of these electrolytes and cannot be used as the characteristics of energy insufficiency. The cannot replace the analyses performed in serum and urine.     

貉,蓝狐,银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞形态分布的研究

本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。     

Liquid flow and capacity of the caecum and colon of the horse

The rate of flow of fluid from the caecum and from the large colon was measured in four Shetland-type ponies fed a hay diet. In two ponies with cannulas in the caecum and at the origin of the right ventral colon, a continuous intracaecal infusion of a solution of chromium EDTA was used and samples were obtained from the cannula at the origin of the right ventral colon. Based on four determinations, the liquid flow from the caecum was 54.2 +/- 1.89 litres d-1. In the other two ponies with cannulas in the origin of the right ventral colon and near the end of the right dorsal colon, a continuous infusion of chromium EDTA was made into the right ventral colon and samples were obtained from the right dorsal colon. The flow rate towards the end of the dorsal colon was 49.4 +/- 1.25 litres d-1, based on four determinations. The capacities of the caecum and large colon after death were 7.0 +/- 0.8 and 17.7 +/- 3.7 litres, respectively.