中国盐碱土壤修复研究综述

综述了中国土壤盐碱化的严峻现实,分析了土壤盐碱化的成因,并归纳了中国土壤盐碱化的类型.回顾了近年来中国盐碱土壤修复的历程和研究成果,归纳了盐碱土壤修复的方法且评述了其各自特性,分析了各自修复方法的优点和缺点,肯定了成绩,指出了不足.最后,对盐碱土壤的修复指明了正确方向,并提出了较高的期望.     

刍议城市道路沿线绿化工程施工

本文描述了城市道路沿线绿化的作用,保障了交通安全提高了交通效率,改善了城市环境,降低了环境污染,美化了街道景观,是城市生态园林的重要组成部分。然而目前城市道路沿线绿化施工中存在一些问题。本文详细阐述了这些问题所在,并提出了解决问题的方法措施。     

酒泉地区马铃薯优质高产栽培技术

1引言马铃薯是重要的粮菜作物,也是重要的工业原料。中国以北方为主,通过建立优质种薯繁育基地,引进了专用品种,优化了配套栽培技术,生产出了具有本地特色的优质商品马铃薯,发挥了地方优势,建立了支柱产业,优化了种植结构,取得了经济与社会效益双丰收,增加了农民收入,已走上产业化发展轨道。     

昆山县成立食用菌科技协会

昆山县食用菌科技协会,于八月十一日成立。会议通过了协会章程和工作报告,民主协商产生了第一届理事会,明确了理事会成员的分工,发展了第一批会员37名。召开了首次理事会议,制订了工作计划,提出了现在至今年底的五项任务。     

黑龙江省设施园艺现状及发展对策

30年来,我国设施园艺工程取得了长足进步,全国以蔬菜为主体,花卉、果树为辅助的设施园艺栽培面积不断扩大,特别是改革开放以来的大背景,使得我国的设施园艺工程事业得到了迅猛发展,其中日光节能温室、智能化连栋温室的发展,是近30年来我国农业种植业中效益最大的产业,它解决了长期困扰我国北方地区的蔬菜冬、春淡季供应问题,增加了农民收入,节约了能源,促进了农业产业结构调整,带动了相关产业发展,安置了大量就业,避免了温室加温造成的环境污染,为提高城乡居民的生活水平,稳定社会做出了历史性贡献.初步形成了具有中国特色,符合中国国情、以节能为中心的设施园艺生产体系.     

蔬菜风味品质下降的原因及对策

现如今,老百姓的菜篮子比以往任何时候都要丰富,可谓是一年四季,什么时候想吃什么,就能买到什么。可近年来,人们还是有不满意的地方:一是蔬菜的安全问题,二就是蔬菜的品质问题。不少人说,现在有些蔬菜不如以前好吃了,番茄既不酸,亦不甜,皮厚了,汁少了,没有特有的番茄味了!黄瓜缺少那种特有的清香味了!有的大白菜不容易煮烂,吃起来发艮了!……为什么呢?不禁要问,原来的黄瓜和番茄的风味都到哪里去了?为什么有的看着新鲜的黄瓜、番茄,怎么就味同嚼蜡、平淡无奇了呢?有人说是化肥上多了,有人说是打了激素了,也有人说是大棚菜种多了,大棚菜就是…     

森林见证了人类文明的发展

森林孕育了人类,森林提供了原始人类制造工具的场所,森林帮助人类实现了人工取火,森林迹地产生了农耕文明,森林采伐利用催生了工业文明,森林生态效应培育了生态文明,森林为人类文明的发展作出巨大的贡献。     

传统文化元素在园林景观设计中的应用

伴随着我国社会时代的快速发展,建筑行业取得了理想的成绩,尤其是在建筑设计方面,园林景观设计中采用现代化模式,不仅仅提升了园林景观的实用性,还在很大程度上发扬了我国优良的传统文化,促进了审美价值的提升。这是由于在园林景观的设计过程中,设计师门加入了传统文化元素,充分体现出了园林景观的古香古色。中国是一个历史悠久的国家,经过了长期的沉淀,我们积累了许多具有高文化价值的传统文化元素,将这些元素与当代园林景观结合起来,在很大程度上提升了园林景观的价值,还促进了我国传统文化和建筑行业的不断发展。     

年是一盏高高挂起的红灯笼

老家小院里那棵落了叶的紫荆树上,去年过年的时候挂上去的红灯笼已经褪了色。每年年三十那天,我们都会买上一个漂亮的红灯笼,挂在院中这棵紫荆树的枝丫上,岁末的夜晚,这火红火红的灯光照亮了全家人的祥和幸福。从小到大,就是在这盏灯笼下度过了一年又一年,送走了旧年迎来了新年,送走了冬天迎来了春天。如今又快过年了,今年打算自己动手做个红灯笼,当然不是传统工艺的纸灯笼,那会是什么样呢?请跟我来。     

大力推广地膜复盖技术夺取蔬菜早熟高产

我市蔬菜地膜复盖技术推广工作,在省地市和有关部门的领导和支持下,从78年开展试验,示范和推广工作以来,取得了良好的效果促进了蔬菜早熟、高产,对满足蔬菜供应,起到了很大作用。78年进行了10余种蔬菜地膜复盖的小面积试验,均取得了良好的试验效果;79年进行了多点和多种类的示范,面积达到了300亩;80年进行了大面积推广,面积达到了600亩;81年推广面积达到1000亩。82年达到了1923.4亩,其中茄子     

Effect of RYR1 gene expression knock-down by siRNA on mitochondria in C2C12 cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) down-regulation on mitochondria in mouse myoblast C2C12 cell line and to explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: The expression of RYR1 in the C2C12 cells was knocked down by the targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA). The mitochondrial number and morpholo-gical changes were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and the stereoscopic analysis. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), respectively. RESULTS: The expression of RYR1 was significantly down-regulated by siRNA transfection (P<0.01), with fragmentized mitochondria in the C2C12 cells in knock-down (KD) group. Although no statistical difference of the mitochondrial number was observed, the mitochondria area and circumference were significantly lowered in KD group (P<0.05). In KD group, the mRNA and protein expression of Mfn2 was significantly reduced (P<0.01). The mRNA level of PGC-1α was also reduced (P<0.01), but no significant change at protein level was observed. No change of ERK1/2 expression and phosphorylated ERK1/2 level was detected. CONCLUSION: Knock-down of RYR1 expression leads to morphological changes of mitochondria, and down-regulation of Mfn2 expression may be involved in the underlying mechanism. While PGC-1α and ERK1/2-associated oxidative stress pathway may not play an important role in the process.     

Adipophilin induces expression of inflammatory factors through ERK1/2-AP-1 signaling pathway

AIM: To observe the effects of adipose differentiation-related protein (adipophilin) on the expression of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 macrophage and to clarify the related mechanism. METHODS: The cell models with high expression and low expression of adipophilin were constructed by transfecting PA317 packaging cells with stable high or low expression adipophilin retroviral vectors into the RAW264.7 cells. The concentrations of IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α in the cell culture medium were detected by ELISA. The protein levels of AP-1, p-AP-1, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 were measured by Western blot. The protein levels of adipophilin, p-ERK1/2 and p-AP-1 and the releases of the inflammatory factors in the RAW264.7 cells treated with or without ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 or AP-1 inhibitor curcumin were determined. RESULTS: The RAW264.7 cells with high expression of adipophilin had higher levels of IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α, and higher protein levels of p-AP-1 and p-ERK1/2 than those in the cells with low expression of adipophilin. ERK1/2 inhibitor had no significant effect on the expression of adipophilin, but the protein expression of ERK1/2 and AP-1 was significantly inhibited (P<0.05). The administration of AP-1 inhibitor curcumin had no significant effect on the protein expression of adipophilin and ERK1/2, but the protein expression of AP-1 was significantly inhibited (P<0.05). At the same time, the releases of inflammatory factors IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α were significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: Adipophilin may regulate the expression of inflammatory factors through ERK1/2-AP-1 pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages.     

科间融合品种金凤2-1高产栽培技术研究

对金凤 2 - 1进行配方实验结果表明 :在以稻草 ,蔗渣为主料栽培金凤 2 - 1时 ,添加 15 %的麸皮 ,可以使其产量与纯棉壳栽培相当 ,使用麦草和杂木屑为主料时 ,添加 2 0 %的麸皮其产量仍低于对照 ;在菇房内收三潮菇后 ,移至室外脱袋埋土栽培 ,比继续留在菇房内出菇有显著的增产效果 ;在菌袋不太紧和培养料含水量70 %时能获得较好的增产效果。     

转MdSOS2L1基因苹果植株根际微生物多样性的研究

以野生型‘嘎拉’苹果和转MdSOS2L1基因植株为试材,利用高通量测序技术研究转MdSOS2L1苹果植株对根际微生物的影响。结果表明,转基因与野生型植株根际微生物群落丰富度和多样性存在较大差异,其中原核微生物群落变化最为明显。转MdSOS2L1植株根际酸杆菌门丰度增加较多,蓝藻、放线菌门丰度略有下降。同时,转基因植株根际土壤pH值低于野生型,并且转基因植株根际土壤的苹果酸、柠檬酸、草酸含量明显升高,两者非根际土无明显差异,转基因植株根际微生物的差异极有可能与MdSOS2L1基因介导的有机酸分泌有关。     

BPH-1 induces aromatase expression in prostatic stromal cells through paracrine of PGE2

AIM: To characterize the effect of prostatic epithelial cell paracrine on aromatase expression in prostatic stromal cells.METHODS: Conditioned medium (CM) of prostatic epithelial cell lines (BPH-1, LNCap, DU-145 and PC3) were collected and used to treat prostatic stromal cells. Expression of aromatase was determined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in prostatic epithelial cell lines and prostaglandin (PGE2) in CMs were examined by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. The CM of BPH-1 cells cultured with NS-398, specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, were collected, and the effect of NS-398 and PGE2 on aromatase expression was analyzed.RESULTS: CM of human benign prostate hyperplasia epithelial cell line (BPH-1) stimulated expression of aromatase mRNA and protein in stromal cells. But CM of prostate cancer epithelial cell lines (LNCap, DU145, PC3) had no effect on aromatase expression. COX-2 mRNA level in BPH-1 was much higher than that of other cell lines and PGE2 concentration in BPH-1 CM was much higher than that of other CMs. PGE2 concentration of the CM from BPH-1 cultured with NS-398 significantly decreased. CM from BPH-1 cultured with NS-398 failed to stimulate aromatase expression, while PGE2 induced aromatase expression in prostatic stromal cells.CONCLUSION: BPH-1 could induce aromatase expression in prostatic stromal cells through paracrine of PGE2.     

Effects of ethane 1,2-dimethanesulfonate preconditioning on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in male rats

AIM: To investigate the effects of ethane 1,2-dimethanesulfonate (EDS) preconditioning on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. METHODS: Male SD rats (n=48) were randomly assigned to 6 groups: blank, sham, I/R, EDS+I/R, EDS+testosterone (TST)+I/R, and castration (Cast)+I/R. The renal pedicles were bilaterally occluded with a microvascular clamp for 45 min to establish renal I/R-induced injury model. Bilateral orchiectomy was conducted 2 weeks before surgery. EDS (75 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 5 d before operation. Blood samples were collected 24 h after reperfusion from the vena orbitalis posterior plexus. Luteinizing hormone (LH), TST, serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were detected. The renal tissues were harvested to measure the level of TNF-α and the expression of Fas mRNA and caspase-3 protein. RESULTS: Serum TST levels in EDS+I/R group and Cast+I/R group were below the minimum detectable threshold. Compared with other groups, the rats in EDS+I/R group and Cast+I/R group had higher levels of SCr, BUN and KIM-1 (P<0.05). SCr and BUN levels showed no significant difference between EDS+I/R group and Cast+I/R group (P>0.05), but KIM-1 level in EDS+I/R group was lower than that in Cast+I/R group (P<0.05). After reperfusion for 24 h, the levels of TST and LH in EDS+I/R group, Cast+I/R group and EDS+TST+I/R group were lower than those 1 h before operation (P<0.05). Compared with Cast+I/R and I/R group, the TNF-α level and expression of Fas mRNA and caspase-3 protein were significantly decreased in EDS+I/R group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EDS preconditioning substantially reduces the serum TST level, thus attenuating I/R-induced acute renal injury. TNF-α-induced Fas/FasL pathway may be involved in this process.     

菠萝锌指蛋白基因AcRCHY1的克隆与表达分析

 根据植物C3HC4型兼CHY型锌指蛋白的功能保守区设计简并引物, 通过RT2PCR结合RACE 方法从菠萝(Ananas comosus L. Merr) 幼苗中克隆获得了一个新的菠萝锌指蛋白基因cDNA全长, 将其命名为AcRCHY1。该基因cDNA全长1 261 bp, 开放阅读框ORF为918 bp, 推测其编码一个含有306个氨基酸残基的多肽。AcRCHY1蛋白具有保守的C3HC4 (RING finger) 和CHY两个锌指结构域, 与其它植物锌指蛋白的同源性高达81%～91%。半定量RT-PCR分析表明, AcRCHY1 在菠萝中呈组成性表达, 在子房、花瓣和小花中的表达量明显高于根和叶; 低温、高盐、干旱和ABA等非生物胁迫处理后, AcRCHY1在叶片中的表达明显增强。因此, AcRCHY1蛋白可能与花器官生长发育的调控有关, 而且可能作为一个转录调控因子在菠萝响应低温、高盐和渗透胁迫过程中参与了依赖ABA的信号转导途径。     

湖北海棠二价融合表达载体MhT2AC的构建及转化烟草耐盐性分析

 利用口蹄疫病毒2A序列将湖北海棠MhTGA2转录因子和几丁质酶基因（Mhchitl）两个抗病相关基因融合在同一个开放阅读框下，构建二价融合植物双元表达载体，命名为MhT2AC。将该载体转化烟草，获得了8个转基因株系，MhTGA2基因和Mhchitl基因在烟草中共表达，并且转基因株系中NtSOD、NtAPX和NtPPO等抗逆基因的表达量均加强；转基因烟草T₁代植株抗盐性增强。     

松杉灵芝提取物体外抗氧化活性的研究

利用1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼自由基(.DPPH)、脂质过氧化(LPO)和羟基自由基(.OH)3种抗氧化活性分析方法,对松杉灵芝石油醚提取物(PE)、氯仿提取物(TE)、甲醇提取物(ME)、水提取物(WE)进行抗氧化评价。结果表明,在2 mg.mL-1时,各组提取液都具有明显的抗氧化活性,对.DPPH自由基的清除率分别为68.73%(ME)、65.28%(WE)、57.78%(PE)和51.56%(TE);对脂质过氧化的抑制率分别为64.55%(ME)、59.72%(WE)、55.63%(PE)和49.31%(TE);对.OH自由基的清除率分别为100.00%(WE)、81.26%(ME)、75.07%(TE)和60.34%(PE)。提取物浓度与抗氧化性成正相关,甲醇层和水层的抗氧化活性最好。