石灰氮颗粒剂防治番茄根结线虫

用石灰氯颗粒剂（有效成分为氰胺化钙）进行了处理温室土壤防治番茄根结线虫试验。试验结果表明,石灰氮颗粒荆可较好地控制番茄根结线虫为害石灰氮3.3,5．0,6．7kg／667m^2 3个处理,药后90天土壤中2龄幼虫数量减退率分别为16．85％,31．58％和61．54％,而对照药剂1．8％阿维菌素乳油1．0L／667m^2处理的线虫减退率为37．28％。药后90天石灰氮颗粒剂各处理防治效果分别为60．00％,66．00％和73．72％,而对照药剂为61．99％。石灰氮颗粒剂可有效地控制番茄根结线虫的为害,有较高的推广应用价值。     

生物农药防治设施番茄根结线虫田间药效试验

通过试验筛选防治设施番茄根结线虫病的生物药剂。田间小区试验结果表明．4种生物农药处理均能在一定程度上控制大棚番茄根结线虫病的发生,定植后60d防治效果为65．4％～89．7％,收获时防治效果为51．5％～83．5％．其中以10％噻唑磷（福气多）颗粒剂和淡紫拟青霉颗粒剂效果较为明显,可在无公害蔬菜生产上推广应用。     

重庆市2009年2月蔬菜价格大幅回落

从重庆市农业信息中心了解，2月份全市蔬菜平均价格为2．94元，与1月相比（环比），统计的10个蔬菜品种中，8个下降，1个上涨，1个持平，总体均价下降9．06％，表现为下降。与2008年2月相比（同比），10个蔬菜品种7降2涨1持平，均价变化幅度总体平均降10．06％，总体表现为较大幅下降。     

不同培养料栽培杏鲍菇的品质分析

分析了三种培养料栽培的杏鲍菇（干品）的氨基酸、常规营养成分，微量元素和维生素含量。结果表明，以棉籽壳、玉米芯和玉米秸秆为主料栽培的杏鲍菇，其氨基酸总量分别为12．72mg/g、13．06mg/g和13．03mg/g。其中，必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的43．23％，42．27％和43．36％，鲜味氨基酸（Glu,Asp）占氨基酸总量的24．84％、25．88％和25．48％，甜味氨基酸（Ser,Gly,Ala)占氨基酸总量的16．27％，16．77％和17．04％，以棉籽壳和玉米芯为主料栽培的杏鲍菇，其蛋白质、脂肪，总糖和粗纤维含量比较接近，以玉米秸秆为主料栽培的杏鲍菇，其脂肪含量明显高于另外两种培养料栽培的杏鲍菇。锌和硒含量在三种培养料栽培的杏鲍菇中无明显差异，但钙含量差异显著。在棉籽壳和玉米芯为主料栽培的杏鲍菇中，VC，VB1和VB2含量相差无几，但VB2含量略低于玉米秸秆为主料栽培的杏鲍菇，VC含量亦低于玉米秸秆为主料栽培的杏鲍菇。     

三种杀虫剂对甘蔗害虫的田间防治效果

4月中下旬,结合甘蔗苗期施肥,施用3．6％杀虫双颗粒剂、4．5％敌毒粉剂或3％杀螟丹粉剂75-90kg／hm^2．试验结果表明：3种杀虫剂防治黑色蔗龟和蔗螟枯心苗防效达75％以上,可用作防治蔗龟、蔗螟的替代农药。     

临沂地区苹果园优质高产树体结构参数

在中等管理水平下，盛果初期粉红佳人每667m^2产4300kg时，667m^2枝量8．6万条，中枝、短枝分别占总枝量的33．1％、25．3％，其余依次为长枝、叶丛枝、徒长枝；盛果期红富士667m^2产4000kg时，667m^2枝量5．9万条，其中短枝、叶丛枝分别占总枝量的29．1％、24．6％，其余依次为中枝、长枝和徒长枝；     

云南水果发展平衡

本刊讯(特约通讯员)据云南省农业厅统计．2003年全省水果总面积为21．78万hm^2总产量为96．57万t，人均有水果22．07k，与3年前(2000年)相比，分别增加5．37％、25．49％、2．74％和21．59％；分另U占同年全国的2．31％、1．28％、69．44%和37．77％。     

关于统一南瓜属栽培种中文名称的建议

自20世纪90年代以来，南瓜属作物特别是南瓜、笋瓜、西葫芦的栽培面积逐年扩大。据农业部农业司统计，1989年全国南瓜播种面积为4．2万hm^2，占全国蔬菜总播种面积的0．6％；到1994年发展到5．6万hm^2，占全国蔬菜总播种面积的1．5％。据中国园艺学会南瓜分会对全国南瓜种子销售量及典型调查，2004年西葫芦播种面积约22万hm^2，南瓜和笋瓜播种面积达33万hm^2，总计55万hm^2，总产量约1650万t，占全国蔬菜总播种面积的3％，总产量的2．5％。     

姬松茸多糖对非电离辐射损伤的恢复效应

研究姬松茸菌丝体多糖对紫外线诱变后果蝇的突变率、体重、总抗氧化能力的影响?结果1.25％和2．5％的多糖可以降低果蝇F1代的突变率，增加体重和提高果蝇头部的总抗氧化能力。结论：姬松茸菌丝体多糖具有一定的防护辐射能力。     

细胞破壁酶在黑木耳多糖提取中作用条件的研究

单因素和正交实验结果表明细胞破壁酶的最通作用条件为，复合酶的添加量为1．75％，反应80min；蛋门酶的添加量为2％，反应60min。黑木耳多糖的提取率为16．83％。另外，复合酶作用的最适pH5，蛋白酶作用的最适pH6。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Expression and significance of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining, the antibodies CD30, CD15, CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%), there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05), meanwhile the positive rate of GAS1 showed statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05). ②Two cases were showed to be a mixed type combined with large tumor cells of HL and relatively smaller tumor cells of ALCL.CONCLUSION: ①The different expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in HL and ALCL implied a different mechanism of oncogenesis and the different defects in the pathway of signal transduction of apoptosis in HL and ALCL;②Few cases showed an overlap and a likely transitional state between HL and ALCL; ③The different expressing manner of GAS1 and c-IAP2 in HL and ALCL implied the potential marks for the differential dignosis of two kinds of lymphoma.     

Effects of patch attributes, barriers, and distance between patches on the distribution of a rock-dwelling rodent (Lagidium viscacia)

We tested whether size of habitat patches and distance between patches are sufficient to predict the distribution of the mountain vizcacha Lagidium viscacia a large, rock-dwelling rodent of the Patagonian steppe Argentina, or whether information on other patch and landscape characteristics also is required. A logistic regression model including the distance between rock crevices and depth of crevices, distance between a patch and the nearest occupied patch, and whether or not there was a river separating it from the nearest occupied patch was a better predictor of patch occupancy by mountain vizcachas than was a model based only on patch size and distance between patches. Our results indicate that a simple metapopulation analysis based on size of habitat patches and distance between patches may not provide an accurate representation of regional population dynamics if patches vary in habitat quality independently of patch size and features in the matrix alter connectivity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inhibitory β-adrenergic receptor in heart

β₃-adrenergic receptor is the third subtype of β-adrenergic receptors. The genetic structure and pharmacological property of β₃-adrenergic receptor are markedly distinguished from β₁-and β₂-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Recently studies show that myocardial β₃-adrenergic receptor mediates negative inotropic effect through Gi-protein/NO/cGMP pathway, the expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor and negative inotropic effect mediated by β₃-adrenergic receptor are increased in heart failure. However, because of the low expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor in the heart, the actual pathophysiological significance of β₃-adrenergic receptor remains unknown.