基于单片机的烟草育苗大棚温湿度监测系统设计

烟草是一种非常重要的经济作物,而育苗是烟草种植过程中特别重要的一个环节.课题组把单片机技术、传感器技术、通信技术应用到烟草育苗中,设计了以单片机为核心的监测系统.该系统的硬件部分主要包括主控模块、显示模块、温湿度传感模块、报警模块、通信模块等部分.该系统能够将实时检测的温湿度在液晶屏上显示,如果监测到温湿度超过所设定的...     

Si4432无线芯片在普适农业系统中的应用

为了解决无线模块发射距离近、穿透能力差的问题,将Si4432模块应用于普适农业系统[1],实现了较大范围农田的温湿度远程监测.该系统由控制中心和传感器节点组成,每个节点包括PIC16F877A单片机、Si4432无线模块和SHT10温湿度传感器,控制中心负责接收、显示、存储和发送温湿度信息.实验证明,该系统可以达到较远的通信距离和较强的穿墙能力,并且通信误码率低,具有很好的推广前景.     

基于ZigBee技术的播种机无线监测系统设计

为满足播种机工况监测的需求,在 Zigbee 技术和单片机技术的基础上,设计了精密播种机工况监测及显示系统。该系统以 PIC16 F877 A单片机和CC2530无线模块为主要部件,由各传感器监测播种机工作参数,所测数据由无线模块与单片机进行串口通信,再由单片机对数据进行分析处理后用液晶显示模块适时显示,使播种机操作手能及时掌握播种机工作状况。     

冬枣恒温库温度检测系统设计-基于数字温度传感DS18B20

介绍了基于89C52单片机和数字温度传感器芯片DS18B20的冬枣恒温库温度监测系统的设计。实际应用表明:该系统具有硬件接线简单、成本低、体积小、测量精度高以及抗干扰能力强等优点;温度的监测范围为-55～+125℃,-10～+85℃范围里的误差在0.5℃以内,具有很好的应用推广价值。     

基于模糊控制的温室温湿度无线智能监控系统

在现代温室生产中,对温湿度因子的精确监测和稳定控制是实现高效生产的关键。设计了一种基于无线单片机CC1110和模糊控制算法的温室温湿度无线智能监控系统。阐述了该系统的组成及其在温室生产中的应用,介绍了软硬件设计和模糊控制算法设计过程。对整个控制过程进行仿真试验,结果显示温湿度变化超调量较小,控制过程平稳,可以满足控制要求。      

大棚温湿度监测报警系统研究

文章以8751单片机为核心的作物温湿度监测报警系统,研究了系统的工作原理、设计系统硬件电路和系统软件设计等。该系统由显示接口电路、电源模块、声光报警设备和温湿度传感器等构成。各个模块电路相互协调和配合,共同维护系统的稳定运行。该系统监测灵敏度高、成本低、稳定性强、结构简单、效率高,非常适用于我国农业大棚种植使用,经济效益不可估量。     

基于无线传感器网络(WSN)的禽舍环境监测系统

针对禽舍环境监测水平低及监测方式落后等问题,提出了基于无线传感器网络的禽舍环境监测系统的设计,利用ZigBee技术将分布在禽舍的传感器节点组成无线传感器网络,及时监测禽舍内的环境因素。设计采用了Jennic公司生产的第二代开发平台JN5139为核心模块,利用温湿度传感器SHT11采集禽舍内的温湿度数据,将采集到的数据通过ZigBee网络发送到LabVIEW编辑的监测平台。模拟测试结果表明:该系统符合低成本、低功耗的要求,组网简单,能够有效准确地监测禽舍内的环境温湿度数据。     

基于无线通信的多点温湿度采集系统的设计

温湿度检测在工业和农业等多方面都有着广泛的应用.为此,利用新型超低功耗单片机MSP430、nRF905的无线射频通信技术以及先进的数字温湿度传感器,设计了多点无线温湿度检测系统,实现了多点无线温湿度的检测和无线传输.该系统使用方便,易于实现.     

基于STC单片机的种苗催芽室温湿度监控系统设计

针对种苗催芽室温湿度控制现状,设计并实现了一个基于单片机技术的温湿度控制器。该系统以STC89 C52单片机为控制中心,采用高精度数字式传感器DHT11作为温湿度检测元件,将采集到的温湿度信号传送给单片机;单片机处理传感器的测量数据,通过LCD 1602实时显示温湿度的数值;当实时监测到的温湿度值超出设定的温湿度变化范围时,单片机输出信号启动相应的加温、降温、加湿和除湿装置实现自动控制,并且报警电路进行声光报警。该温湿度控制系统具有控制精度高、性价比高及易于管理等优点。     

温室环境信息智能无线监控系统的设计

为了解决目前温室有线监测系统存在监测盲区、组网复杂等缺陷,基于单片机、无线传感、GSM 以及VB , Access 数据库技术,完成无线监控系统的硬软件设计。从机接收温湿度传感器的采集数据,通过控制电路实现控制设备的下位控制;利用NRF 905模块,将采集信息发送至主机;再由串口上传于上位机（ PC 机）。同时,设计了“VB 可视化监控平台”,实现阈值、采样方式的设定以及数据的多方式实时显示和处理;利用 GSM 模块,实现温湿度以及光照的上位远程控制。整个监控系统电路简单、性能稳定、扩展性强,市场应用前景广阔。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。