茄子ISSR和SSR分子标记的鉴定技术分析

以茄子为研究对象,初步建立起茄子的ISSR和SSR分子标记技术体系,包括DNA提取、退火温度、循环次数和引物筛选等。结果表明,ISSR分子标记体系中,从49条引物中筛选出3个条带清晰的引物对6个品种进行扩增,共检测出26条带,其中多态性带21条,多态性比例为80.77%;SSR分子标记体系中,从4对引物中筛选出3个条带清晰的引物对6个品种进行扩增,共检测出17条带,其中多态性带5条,多态性比例为29.41%,2种方法均能把6个茄子品种区分开来,本实验为茄子品种鉴定和新品种选育提供理论依据。     

百合种质资源ISSR标记研究的引物筛选

为筛选出适合于百合种质资源ISSR标记研究的有效引物,利用58个ISSR引物,对百合属的卷丹、川百合、西伯利亚和索邦进行PCR扩增,共筛选出11条多态性丰富、条带清晰且可重复性好的有效引物,11条引物在4个样品中共扩增出125条DNA带,其中108条为多态性带,占总扩增带数的86.4％,平均每个引物扩增出11.4条带.该研究结果为应用ISSR标记技术进行百合属植物遗传多样性分析和品种分子鉴别等研究奠定了基础.     

菠萝17份种质的ISSR分析

利用ISSR分子标记技术对17份菠萝种质进行了基因组DNA多态性分析。从62个ISSR引物中筛选出6个多态性引物用于PCR扩增，共扩增出70条DNA条带，其中多态性条带44条，所占比例为62.86%，平均每个引物扩增的DNA条带的数目为11.67条。6个品种具有特异性的扩增带，可作为种质鉴定的依据。根据ISSR扩增结果建立的UPGMA聚类图，在距离系数约0.1处可把供试的17份菠萝种质分为3大类。同时对供试品种的遗传关系进行了探讨     

应用ISSR分子标记绘制红麻种质资源DNA指纹图谱

以6份红麻种质资源为材料, 对UBC807~UBC80等80个ISSR引物进行筛选, 筛选出多态性好的ISSR引物20个。利用这20个ISSR引物扩增来自国内外84份红麻种质资源, 共获得230条谱带, 平均每个引物扩增出11.5条谱带, 其中多态性谱带185条, 多态性条带比率为80.43%, 表明供试的红麻种质资源遗传多样性较丰富。以供试84份红麻种质资源的ISSR扩增谱带为基础, 建立了供试材料扩增条带指纹数据库的Excel文件。根据指纹图谱唯一性原则, 采用自行开发的DNA指纹数据分析软件, 再从20个多态性好的ISSR引物中遴选出UBC 813、UBC 825、UBC 836、UBC 888和UBC 889引物, 绘制出82个红麻种质资源的DNA指纹图谱, 为红麻种质资源分子身份证的构建奠定了基础。     

用ISSR分子标记鉴定亚洲百合杂种F1代

百合杂交育种工作中,只有确定杂种的真实性,才能确定杂交工作是否成功。利用ISSR-PCR分子标记方法对5个亚洲百合系内杂种进行鉴定,建立了百合ISSR最佳扩增反应体系,从15个ISSR引物中筛选出了2个多态性引物,共扩增得到29条DNA条带,其中多态性条带24条,占总条带数的82.76%。结果表明,5个杂种多数条带和亲本共有,出现双亲相加性带型,或双亲各自特有条带,部分杂种出现双亲均没有的条带从这些特异的带型,我们可初步鉴定杂种的真实性。实践证明,ISSR分子标记,是百合杂交育种中杂种检测的快速简便手段。     

11个茶树品种遗传多样性的ISSR和TRAP比较分析

【研究目的】分析茶树种质资源的遗传多样性,比较ISSR和TRAP在茶树中的标记效率;【方法】用12个ISSR引物和18个TRAP引物组合分别对11个茶树品种的基因组DNA进行扩增;【结果】ISSR引物共产生61条带,多态性带占83．6％,遗传距离变化范围在0．231～0．707。TRAP引物共产生69条带,多态性带占79．7％,遗传距离变化范围为0．200～0．755。基于两种标记的聚类结果存在一定的差异,TRAP聚类结果能较好地体现供试品种的亲缘关系、地域特性和树型特点,与传统的基于形态特征建立的分类结果比较一致。在11个茶树品种间以及在亲缘关系比较近的黄旦、铁观音、毛蟹、白样观音4个品种间,ISSR的标记指数MI值都高于TRAP的MI值;【结论】ISSR具有更大的标记效率。也具有较高的多样性检测能力;TRAP比ISSR更适合于茶树特异种质资源和重要农艺性状的筛选。     

Genetic Diversity of Cultivated Chinese Chive Germplasm by ISSR and RAPD Markers

利用RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)和ISSR(Inter-simple Sequence Repeat)两种分子标记技术对20份韭菜栽培品种进行了遗传多样性研究。结果表明，筛选后选用的12个ISSR引物和15个RAPD引物分析分别产生了258和101条扩增产物带，其中多态性条带(即20个韭菜品种中一个或多个但不是全部具有的带)分别为132和40条，分别占总数的51.2%和39.6%。，也就是说12个ISSR引物和15个SSR引物对韭菜不同品种的扩增可分别产生51     

白菜种质遗传多样性与亲缘关系的ISSR标记分析

摘要：从分子水平用ISSR标记法对白菜遗传多样性进行分析,从100个ISSR引物中共筛选出11个多态性明显、条带清晰、反应稳定的引物,对65个样品DNA共扩增出107条谱带,平均每个引物扩增出9.72条带,其中多态性位点102个(93.5% )。种间遗传相似系数在遗传距离在0.40～0.65 之间,表明白菜栽培种内品种间的遗传基础相对较宽,存在较大的遗传变异性。利用UPGMA聚类分析表明：能将65个白菜地方品种划分为四大类。由ISSR标记聚类结果所表现出的大多种质之间的亲缘关系与其来源地有较大的相关性,但也有地理差别很大的白菜资源遗传关系较近的情况。本研究还表明,ISSR 标记比RAPD 标记具有更高的稳定性,在植物遗传多样性的分子标记或克隆研究中,可优先使用ISSR 标记。     

zhanshenno1@sina.com

 利用RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)和ISSR(Inter-simple Sequence Repeat)两种分子标记技术对20份韭菜栽培品种进行了遗传多样性研究。结果表明，筛选后选用的12个ISSR引物和15个RAPD引物分析分别产生了258和101条扩增产物带，其中多态性条带(即20个韭菜品种中一个或多个但不是全部具有的带)分别为132和40条，分别占总数的51.2%和39.6%。，也就是说12个ISSR引物和15个SSR引物对韭菜不同品种的扩增可分别产生51     

菜心ISSR分子标记技术初步研究

以菜心为研究对象,初步建立起菜心的ISSR分子标记技术体系,包括DNA提取、退火温度、循环次数和引物筛选等.对退火温度进行优化,确定最佳退火温度为48℃,最优循环次数为45次.共筛选了49条引物,其中11条引物能扩增出多态性带,选择4个条带清晰的引物对6个品种进行扩增,共检测出32条带,其中多态性带为22条,多态性比例为68.80%,6个品种的遗传相似性系数为0.19～0.77.说明ISSR标记能够揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性,本试验为菜心的种子纯度鉴定和新品种选育提供理论依据.     

应用SSR和ISSR标记分析栽培香稻品种的遗传多样性

本研究利用24对SSR引物和36个ISSR引物,分析33份来源于亚洲10个国家的香稻品种的遗传多样性。分别获得93条和181条多态性片段,每个SSR座位可检测3～8个等位基因,平均为4．23个;每个ISSR引物可检测3～8个多态性位点,平均为5．03个。根据SSR和ISSR标记计算的品种间遗传相似系数分别在0．294～0．884之间和0．595～0．867之间。聚类分析表明,利用两种标记所得的聚类结果基本上一致,与品种所处的3种气候类型变化基本相符。进一步证实SSR和ISSR标记是研究水稻种质资源分类有效的工具。     

Molecular characterisation of cultivars of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) using microsatellite (SSR and ISSR) markers

In this study, two microsatellite-based methodologies (SSR and ISSR) were evaluated for potential use in fingerprinting and determination of the similarity degree between 41 commercial cultivars of apple previously characterised using RAPD and AFLP markers. A total of 13 SSR primer sets was used and 84 polymorphic alleles were amplified. Seven ISSR primers yielded a total of 252 bands, of which 176 (89.1%) were polymorphic. Except for cultivars obtained from somatic mutations, all cultivars were easily distinguishable employing both methods. The similarity coefficient between cultivars ranged from 0.20 to 0.87 for SSR analysis and from 0.71 to 0.92 using the ISSR methodology. Dendrograms constructed using UPGMA cluster analysis revealed a phenetic classification that emphasises the existence of a narrow genetic base among the cultivars used, with the Portuguese cultivars revealing higher diversity. This study indicates that the results obtained based on the RAPD, AFLP, SSR and ISSR techniques are significantly correlated. The marker index, based on the effective multiplex ratio and expected heterozygosity, was calculated for both analyses (MI = 1.7 for SSR and MI = 8.4 for ISSR assays) and the results obtained were directly compared with previous RAPD and AFLP data from the same material. The SSR and ISSR markers were found to be useful for cultivar identification and assessment of phenetic relationships, revealing advantages, due to higher reproducibility, over other commonly employed PCR-based methods, namely RAPD and AFLP. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Assessment of genetic diversity within and among Basmati and non-Basmati rice varieties using AFLP,ISSR and SSR markers

Molecular markers provide novel tools to differentiate between the various grades of Basmati rice, maintain fair-trade practices and to determine its relationship with other rice groups in Oryza sativa. We have evaluated the genetic diversity and patterns of relationships among the 18 rice genotypes representative of the traditional Basmati, cross-bred Basmati and non-Basmati (indica and japonica) rice varieties using AFLP, ISSR and SSR markers. All the three marker systems generated higher levels of polymorphism and could distinguish between all the 18 rice cultivars. The minimum number of assay-units per system needed to distinguish between all the cultivars was one for AFLP, two for ISSR and five for SSR. A total of 171 (110 polymorphic), 240 (188 polymorphic) and 160 (159 polymorphic) bands were detected using five primer combinations of AFLP, 25 UBC ISSR primers and 30 well distributed, mapped SSR markers, respectively. The salient features of AFLP, ISSR and SSR marker data analyzed using clustering algorithms, principal component analysis, Mantel test and AMOVA analysis are as given below: (i) the two traditional Basmati rice varieties were genetically distinct from indica and japonica rice varieties and invariably formed a separate cluster, (ii) the six Basmati varieties developed from various indica × Basmati rice crosses and backcrosses were grouped variably depending upon the marker system employed; CSR30 and Super being more closer to traditional Basmati followed by HKR228, Kasturi, Pusa Basmati 1 and Sabarmati, (iii) AFLP, ISSR and SSR marker data-sets showed moderate levels of positive correlation (Mantel test, r = 0.42–0.50), and (iv) the partitioning of the variance among and within rice groups (traditional Basmati, cross-bred Basmati, indica and japonica) using AMOVA showed greater variation among than within groups using SSR data-set, while reverse was true for both ISSR and AFLP data-sets. The study emphasizes the need for using a combination of different marker systems for a comprehensive genetic analysis of Basmati rice germplasm. The high-level polymorphism generated by SSR, ISSR and AFLP assays described in this study shall provide novel markers to differentiate between traditional Basmati rice supplies from cheaper cross-bred Basmati and long-grain non-Basmati varieties at commercial level.The first two authors have equal contribution     

8份剑麻种质亲缘关系的ISSR和RAPD分析

为了揭示剑麻栽培品种的遗传多样性,利用ISSR和RAPD分子标记技术对8份剑麻种质的亲缘关系进行分析。结果表明,筛选后选用的8条ISSR引物和8条RAPD引物,分别产生了53条和66条扩增条带,其中多态性条带分别为44条和61条,多态性条带百分率分别为83.02%和92.42%。根据2种标记的扩增结果,用UPGMA法对8份剑麻种质进行聚类分析,供试材料之间具有较高的遗传多样性,其品种间遗传相似系数分别为0.59~0.80和0.52~0.76。2个标记的聚类结果基本一致,但有点差异,可将供试的8份剑麻种质划分为2类群,而且2个标记聚类结果呈显著相关性,相关系数为0.70。可见,剑麻种质资源的遗传多样性丰富。     

Assessment of genetic diversity in cabbage cultivars using RAPD and SSR markers

Genetic relationship and diversity among seven cabbage cultivars were analyzed using RAPD and SSR markers. These cultivars are of great commercial value in India and are confirmed for their reaction to black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. However, so far the extent of genetic diversity and relatedness has not been studied in these cultivars. A total of 17 selected RAPD primers generated 90 bands, 76 of which were polymorphic (84.44%). In addition, 27 selected SSR primers generated 67 amplified bands with 59 of which were polymorphic (87.6%). Though both the marker techniques were able to discriminate the cultivars effectively, analysis of combined data of markers (RAPD and SSR) resulted in better distinction of cultivars. By combining both the markers, a total of 157 bands were detected of which 135 bands (85.98%) were polymorphic, i.e. an average of 5.95 bands per primer. High level of polymorphism (> 85%) recorded with two different marker systems indicated a high level of genetic variation existing among the cultivars. Genetic relationship estimated using similarity co-efficient (Jaccard’s) values between different pairs of cultivars varied from 0.21 to 0.77 in RAPD, 0.42 to 0.82 in SSR, and 0.43 to 0.89 with combined markers. A high correspondence had been recorded between the values of genetic variations generated by UPGMA, clustering, and scatter plot diagrams. The cultivars ‘January King Sel. Improved’ and ‘Golden Acre’ are highly divergent cultivars as demonstrated by both the marker systems.     

水稻光温敏核不育系的ISSR和SSR遗传分析比较

本研究应用ISSR和SSR技术建立了24个水稻光温敏核不育系的DNA指纹图谱，利用13个ISSR引物和20对SSR引物，分别获得174个多态性片段和62个多态性片段，平均每个ISSR引物检测到13．38个多态性片段，远远高于SSR引物的检测率。根据遗传距离进行的聚类分析表明，利用这两种标记所得的聚类结果十分相似，24个材料被聚为粳型，偏籼型和籼型三个类群，在籼型不育系类群内，又可明显的分成三个亚类群，其中7个安农S-1衍生的不育系聚为一类，与农垦58S衍生的不育系有明显的遗传差异。根据两种标记计算的遗传距离及其遗传关系，所得的结果仍有一些差异，但总体趋势是一致。研究结果表明，ISSR和SSR标记适用于构建DNA指纹图谱，进行分类鉴定和遗传分析。     

利用RAMP-PCR技术对枸杞10个品种资源的分析

以枸杞为材料,建立基因组DNA的有效提取方法,并对10个枸杞品种进行了RAMP技术分析研究。结果表明,利用10对引物共扩增出87个条带,其中多态性条带53个;多态性条带比率33.3%~81.9%,10个枸杞品种间的遗传距离为0.1111~0.8333;研究表明,利用RAMP进行枸杞的品种DNA指纹分析是可行的。     

部分烟草种质遗传多样性与亲缘关系的ISSR标记分析

烟草遗传资源多样性与亲缘关系研究，是烟草遗传育种与起源演化研究的重要基础，本文首次应用ISSR标记，对烟草属（Nicotiana）4个种30份材料的遗传多样性进行分析。从70个ISSR引物中共筛选出16个多态性明显、条带清晰、反应稳定的引物，对30个样品DNA共扩增出309条谱带，平均每个引物扩增出19.31条带，多态性条带比率（PPB）达93.20%。种间遗传相似系数在0.26~0.96之间，表现出丰富的遗传多态性。系统聚类结果显示，N. glutinosa、N. suaveolens、N. gossei 3个野生种间存在较大的遗传差异，遗传相似系数在0.29~0.52之间；27份栽培品种种内遗传相似性相对较高，在0.54~0.96之间，显示出栽培种内的遗传基础相对比较狭窄，但其中白肋21、台烟7号与其他供试材料有较大的遗传差异。ISSR聚类分析表明，当L1取值为D = 0.475时，可将3个野生种与27份烟草栽培品种明显区分开，反映出种间的遗传差异；当L2取值为D = 0.776时，可将30份材料分为2个大类、3个小类和6个独立的个类，较好地揭示了烟草属种间或栽培种品种类型间的遗传多样性与亲缘关系，可为烟草遗传育种和遗传连锁图谱构建的杂交亲本选择提供科学依据。本研究还表明ISSR标记比RAPD标记具有更高的稳定性，在植物遗传多样性的分子标记或克隆研究中，可优先使用ISSR标记。     

利用SSR引物通用性分析杨柳科树种遗传多样性

利用SSR引物的种间通用性,本研究分别从杨属和柳属中各随机筛选出10对SSR引物,对17个杨树品种和20个柳树品种的遗传关系进行了分析。结果表明,18对引物在杨树品种有扩增,共扩增出155条多态性谱带,多态性比率为93.4%,平均每对引物扩增出8.6条谱带;16对引物对在柳树品种有扩增,共扩增出120条多态性谱带,多态性比率为91.6%,平均每对引物扩增出7.5条谱带。筛选出了14对杨柳树通用引物,14对通用引物可以将37个供试材料分成两大类,一类为杨树树种,一类为柳树树种,与传统的植物学分类相符。