反转录病毒介导的稳定表达HIV-1Gag蛋白和增强型绿色荧光蛋白细胞系的建立

本研究旨在建立中国流行株人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)衣壳蛋白(Gag)哺乳动物稳定表达细胞系。将HIV-1核心蛋白基因gag和增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因EGFP依次串联插入反转录病毒载体pFB-neo,构建重组反转录病毒载体pFB-gag-EGFP,并与含有辅助病毒gag-pol和env基因的质粒pVPack-GP、pVPack-10A1共转染HEK293T细胞,包装出的反转录病毒感染小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0。荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白EGFP表达,验证HIV-1核心蛋白Gag表达,G418抗性筛选阳性细胞。结果表明,HIV-1核心蛋白Gag和增强型绿色荧光蛋白可在SP2/0细胞中稳定表达,HIV-1核心蛋白gag基因稳定表达细胞系成功建立,为抗AIDS治疗用基因工程制剂及靶向药物的活性检测提供了理想方法。     

Evidence for immunosuppression associated with Jembrana disease virus infection of cattle.

Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is a newly recognised bovine lentivirus causing an acute disease syndrome in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) in Indonesia. We evaluated the effect of JDV infection on the antibody response to chicken ovalbumin (cOVA) and Brucella abortus Strain 19 in Bali cattle. In infected cattle the IgG and IgM response to cOVA was suppressed and delayed and the IgG response to B. abortus Strain 19 was delayed. The results indicate that the humoral immune response is suppressed and delayed in JDV infected cattle.     

Serological evidence of an Australian bovine lentivirus.

Recombinant 26 kDa capsid (CA) proteins of bovine lentiviruses, bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) and Jembrana disease virus (JDV), were expressed in Escherichia coli and utilised as antigens for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a western immunoblot (WIB) procedure for the detection of antibody in dairy cattle in Western Australia. A total of 690 serum samples, 30 from each of 23 farms, were tested by ELISA with a JDV CA protein antigen, and antibody was detected in 3.8% (p<0.05) of the sera. Nine sera from each farm were also tested by WIB with JDV CA protein antigens and antibody was detected in 15.9% of these samples. All ELISA-positive results were also WIB-positive, and all sera antibody-positive by WIB with JDV CA protein antigens were also antibody-positive by the WIB using recombinant BIV CA antigens. This study showed that recombinant protein antigens can be used for serological tests to detect bovine lentivirus infection in Australia.     

Evidence for the presence of two bovine lentiviruses in the cattle population of Bali

Antibodies directed against two bovine lentiviruses, Jembrana disease virus (JDV) and bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), were detected in Balinese cattle sera using two new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) based on the combination of capsid (CA) protein and transmembrane (TM) peptides derived from JDV or BIV sequences.

Twenty eight of the 77 sera tested on the JDV ELISA showed anti-JDV antibodies with an unequal distribution of seropositive animals throughout the different districts of Bali. Furthermore, when 17 of the JDV positive sera were tested on Western blot, using the same JDV CA antigen, only 13 were judged positive confirming that the ELISA was a more sensitive technique for the detection of seropositive animals. Finally, 9 of the 49 JDV seronegative animals showed anti-BIV antibodies when tested on BIV-specific ELISA.

These two ELISAs appeared to be highly sensitive for the detection of anti-JDV and anti-BIV antibodies. Moreover, for the first time, animals showing antibodies against BIV were identified on the main island of Bali and on the JDV-free Nusa Penida island.     

Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subset kinetics in Bali cattle experimentally infected with Jembrana disease virus

Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is an unusual bovine lentivirus that causes an acute and sometimes fatal disease after a short incubation period in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus). The pathological changes occur primarily in lymphoid tissues, which feature proliferating lymphoblastoid-like cells predominantly throughout parafollicular (T-cell) areas, and atrophy of follicles (B-cell) areas. Five Bali cattle were experimentally infected with JDV and all developed typical clinical signs of Jembrana disease characterised by a transient febrile response, enlargement of superficial lymph nodes and a significant leukopenia. Flow cytometric analysis of PBMC during the acute (febrile) disease phase showed that the reduced number of lymphocytes was due to a significant decrease in both the proportion and absolute numbers of CD4(+) T cells, but not CD8(+) T-cells or CD21(+) B-cells. At the end of the febrile phase, total numbers of both CD8(+) T-cells and CD21(+) B-cells increased significantly, while CD4(+) T-cell numbers remained below normal values, resulting in a significantly reduced CD4(+):CD8(+) ratio. We speculate that the persistent depletion of CD4(+) T cells following JDV infection, through lack of CD4(+) T cell help to B cells, may explain the lack of production of JDV-specific antibodies for several weeks after recovery despite an increase in CD21(+) B cell numbers. Further, our previous data showing that IgG(+) plasma cells are targets for JDV infection, correlated with our current data demonstrating an increase in CD8(+) T cell numbers, supports the suggestion that anti-viral cytotoxic T cell or other cell-mediated immune responses may be critical in the recovery process, although this remains to be formally demonstrated for JDV.     

表达H5N1亚型禽流感病毒HA和NA基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

利用PCR技术扩增出鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需的TK基因(约1.1kb),将其克隆入pGEM-Teasy载体获得载体pGTK。根据已知的绿色荧光蛋白载体pEGFP-C1的序列设计了一对引物,PCR扩增出pEGFP-C1上含CMV启动子、EGFP及其多克隆位点的完整的基因表达盒插入pGTK的TK上,获得质粒pGTK-EGFP。根据Genbank已发表的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因序列,设计了两对引物,分别从pT-HA和pT-NA两个质粒上扩增出HA和NA基因,克隆到pGTK-EGFP的表达盒的多克隆位点Kpn2I与SmaI之间,构建含EGFP及HA和NA基因的转移质粒载体pGTK-EGFP-HA-NA。将这质粒载体与DPV34F2疫苗毒共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),通过荧光方法筛选,获得了表达HA和NA基因的重组DPV(rDPV-HA-NA)。     

表达gpt和EGFP基因重组山羊痘病毒的构建和鉴定

在包含山羊痘病毒(Goatpox virus,GPV)疫苗株复制非必需区TK(Thymidine kinase)基因和背靠背启动子的质粒PtkPP的两个启动子下游插入EGFP(增强绿色荧光蛋白)基因,构建了质粒PtkPegfpP和PtkPPegfp,这两个重组质粒分别瞬时转染LT细胞,验证了启动子P11和P7.5能成功表达EGFP基因后,在PtkPP启动子P11的下游插入gpt(黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸转移酶)基因和EGFP基因,构建重组质粒PtkPgpt-egfpP,该重组质粒和GPV同源重组获得重组病毒rGPV-PtkPgpt-egfpP,利用MPA(霉芬酸)阻断核酸代谢途径筛选到稳定表达EGFP基因的重组GPV。为进一步开展GPV活载体疫苗的研究提供了技术平台。     

Isolation and partial characterization of bovine foamy virus from Polish cattle

The first isolation and partial characterization of bovine foamy virus (BFV), also known as bovine syncytial virus, in Poland is described. This virus was isolated by co-cultivation of peripheral blood leukocytes from infected cattle with permissive Cf2Th cells. The new isolate, called BFV100 was identified using several techniques: electron microscopy, western blotting, PCR and sequencing of a part of the gag and pol/env genes. Based on syncytia induction, antigenic determinants, primer binding sites and sequence analysis, it can be concluded that isolate BFV100 is bovine foamy virus and is related to the known American and German BFV isolates by sequence homology and antigenic relatedness.     

表达牛流行热病毒G基因的牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒转移载体的构建

本试验将克隆到 p BLG中的牛流行热病毒 (BEFV)糖蛋白 G基因亚克隆到含有 CMV启动子和 Poly(A)信号尾的 p CR3- Uni载体上 ,获得 p CR3- G重组体 ,酶切后将含有 CMV、G基因和 Poly(A)的目的片段 (约 3.6 kb)插入通用转移载体 pd TK- CMB中 ,获得 pd TK- CMB- G重组体 ;再将含 SV4 0启动子的 L ac Z报告基因也亚克隆到该载体中获得表达 BEFV G基因的pd TK- L ac Z- G转移载体 ,为开发 BEFV/IBRV二联基因工程疫苗奠定了基础     

表达绿色荧光蛋白的鸭肠炎病毒gE基因转移载体构建

本实验利用PCR方法扩增DEVC-KCE株gE基因片段(包含gI基因及其侧翼序列),扩增产物克隆入pGEM-T载体测序后亚克隆至pUC19 EcoRI、SalI位点间,获得pUC-gE。将增强型绿色荧光蛋白表达盒插入pUC-gE BamHI位点,构建转移载体pUC-gE-EGFP。该转移载体有7个单一酶切位点可供外源基因插入,上下游侧翼分别为1.57Kb和1Kb。将转移载体pUC-gE-EGFP转染鸭胚成纤维细胞(DEF),观察到绿色荧光,说明EGFP基因获得有效表达,为开发以鸭肠炎病毒为载体的多价、多联基因工程疫苗提供了物质基础。     

重组辛德毕斯病毒E基因痘苗病毒的构建

为了构建表达辛德毕斯病毒E基因的重组痘苗病毒,本研究通过基因重组的方法将辛德毕斯病毒E基因及绿色荧光蛋白（enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP）基因分别连接至痘苗病毒转移载体pSTK,酶切鉴定得到阳性重组质粒pSTK-SINE-EGFP。采用脂质体转染的方法,将该重组质粒与痘苗病毒天坛株共转染BHK-21细胞,通过同源重组获得重组痘苗病毒。利用EGFP筛选阳性重组痘苗病毒vTTVV-SINE-EGFP,收集感染重组痘苗病毒的BHK-21细胞,SDS-PAGE电泳检测辛德毕斯病毒E基因在细胞中的表达情况,Western blot分析表达产物的免疫原性。结果证明辛德毕斯病毒E基因能在重组痘苗病毒vTTVV-SINE-EGFP中获得表达,且表达产物具有良好的免疫原性。表达辛德毕斯病毒E基因的重组痘苗病毒的成功构建,为研制辛德毕斯病毒活载体疫苗奠定了基础。     

体细胞核移植技术生产猪植酸酶转基因胚胎的研究

为获得具有植酸酶腮腺特异性表达的猪转基因克隆胚胎,本研究使用植酸酶腮腺特异性表达的DNA质粒(包含腮腺分泌蛋白(parotid secretary protein,PSP)启动子与终止子序列、Neo筛选基因、绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)报告基因和高比活的植酸酶appA基因),采用脂质体转染和基因素418(G418)药物抗性筛选的方法获取稳转细胞系,并利用体细胞核移植技术获得植酸酶转基因胚胎。结果表明,本研究构建的DNA质粒可用于细胞筛选,且质粒越小,细胞的转染效率越高,14.89 kb的YM6552仅获得了7.1%的转染率,EGFP质粒则获得了43.4%的转染效率。在单克隆形成上,较小的pYN3600也获得了更高的单克隆形成数(25个),其中表达EGFP的单克隆有14个,植酸酶PCR阳性集落有11个,高于YM6552的单克隆数(19、8和6)。转基因细胞构建重构胚胎后,所有的胚胎均能表达绿色荧光蛋白,虽其体外发育能力有所下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,本研究所采用的植酸酶质粒、细胞筛选方法和核移植技术可生产植酸酶重构胚。     

表达Ⅰ型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

扩增鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需区的TK基因,并在其中间引入Bgl II酶切位点,再之克隆到pUC19载体,获得载体pTK。用限制性内切酶从已有质粒pcDNA-LacZ上切下CMV启动子、多克隆位点、SV40及LacZ的完整的基因表达盒,插入到pTK的TK基因中,获得质粒pTCL。用质粒T-VP1做模板,扩增出I型鸭甲肝病毒(以前称为血清I型鸭肝炎病毒)VP1基因,克隆到质粒pTCL表达盒的多克隆位点KpnI与XbaI之间,构建含LacZ及VP1基因的转移载体质粒pT-CL-VP1。将此转移载体与鸭瘟病毒C-KCE毒株共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),经蓝斑克隆筛选和纯化,获得了遗传性状稳定的表达I型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒。     

通用伪狂犬病病毒转移载体的构建

克隆伪狂犬病病毒（ＰＲＶ） Ｂａｒｔｈａ－Ｋ６１株基因组的ＫｐｎⅠ　Ｊ片段,然后亚克隆其中的ＫｐｎⅠ－ ＰｓｔⅠ片段,缺失重组质粒中的ＥｃｏＲⅠ位点和ＮｏｔⅠ－Ｈｉｎｄ Ⅲ片段;再用ＡｃｃⅠ切去３７８ｂｐ,在此缺失位置插入来源于ｐＣＲ３－Ｕｎｉ的ＣＭＶ启动子、多克隆位点和ＢＧＨ ｐｏｌｙＡ信号,构建了通用 ＰＲＶ转移载体 ｐＢｄＴＫ－Ｕｎｉ。此转移载体为改造 Ｂａｒｔｈａ－Ｋ６１株及开发二价或多价基因工程疫苗提供了有力工具。     

猪伪狂犬病毒TK缺失株PRV/TK~-的构建及其生物学特性

为了构建伪狂犬病毒容A株(PRV-Ra)TK基因缺失重组病毒,本研究利用PCR从PRV-Ra株基因组分别扩增TK基因两侧的序列LTK和RTK,将LTK和RTK克隆到pUC19载体,构建转移质粒pUC19-TK/HEK。进一步将增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因(EGFP)表达盒克隆到pUC19-TK/HEK质粒中,构建转移质粒pUC19-TK/EGFP。用pUC19-TK/EGFP与PRV-Ra株基因组共转染BHK21细胞,通过噬斑纯化获得重组病毒PRV/TK-/EGFP;用pUC19-TK/HEK与PRV/TK-/EGFP病毒基因组共转染BHK21细胞,噬斑纯化获得不含EGFP基因的重组病毒PRV/TK-。该重组病毒在体外传30代后仍其有良好的遗传稳定性;PRV/TK-体外增殖速度、对家兔的毒力以及对仔猪的安全性和抗体反应性研究表明,重组毒株与原始株(PRV-Ra)在BHK21上具有相似的增殖规律;PRV/TK-对家兔的毒力比PRV-Ra下降了10000倍;以105.0TCID50PRV/TK-免疫小猪后4周,体内产生的平均中和抗体水平达101.9,略高于对照疫苗产生的抗体水平(101.8)。本试验为PRV基因功能的研...     

山羊痘病毒ORF8～ORF18缺失重组毒株的构建和鉴定

本研究旨在通过敲除山羊痘病毒(GTPV)大段基因组片段尝试构建安全性更好的基因工程减毒株和病毒表达载体.采用PCR方法,克隆了GTPV AV41株基因组ORF7～ORF8间1 242 bp的基因片段,以及ORF18～ORF19间1 355 bp的片段.接着分别以上述2片段作为左、右侧同源重组臂,构建了包含报道基因EGFP和抗性基因gpt的GTPV重组转移载体pCF-Eg.然后采用脂质体介导法,将重组转移载体pCF-Eg与GTPV AV41株共转染原代羊睾丸细胞,通过空斑纯化筛选阳性重组病毒,并鉴定重组病毒的遗传稳定性和生长特性.结果成功获得1株敲除掉ORF8～ORF18间9个ORF、长达7 kb基因组片段的重组病毒vCF-Eg.该重组病毒能稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白至少10代,并且其增殖滴度与亲本毒株基本相同.表明上述区域是GTPV的复制非必需区.     

利用柞蚕核型多角体病毒表达载体系统在柞蚕蛹中表达增强型绿色荧光蛋白

为了探讨外源蛋白在柞蚕蛹-柞蚕核型多角体病毒(ApNPV)表达系统的表达水平和稳定性,将增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因克隆到柞蚕核型多角体病毒转移表达载体pApM748BE中,获得重组质粒DNA,与ApNPV DNA共转染樗蚕(Phi-losamia cynthiam)培养细胞Pc-01后,用末端稀释法筛选获得重组病毒ApNPV-Δph/egfp+。将该重组病毒感染柞蚕蛹,采用SDS-PAGE和Western blot方法检测EGFP在柞蚕蛹中的表达,结果显示:在柞蚕蛹感染重组病毒ApNPV-Δph/egfp+后6 d,EG-FP就有明显的表达;感染后12～18 d,蛹体液中的EGFP含量保持较高水平,以EGFP标准样品定量分析EGFP在柞蚕蛹体液中的表达水平高于1 mg/mL;感染后30～39 d仍可以检测到蛹体液中EGFP的表达,而且蛋白稳定。研究结果表明,利用柞蚕核型多角体病毒作表达载体,可在柞蚕蛹中高效稳定地表达EGFP,并且EGFP在雌雄蛹间的表达水平无明显差异。     

表达H5N1亚型禽流感病毒HA基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

利用PCR技术扩增出鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需区的TK基因(约2.5kb),将其克隆入pUC19载体获得载体puDTK。根据已知载体pcDNA-LacZ的序列设计了一对引物,PCR扩增出pcDNA-LacZ上含CMV启动子、多克隆位点、SV40及LacZ的完整的基因表达盒插入puDTK的TK上,获得质粒puDTCL。根据Genbank已发表的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的血凝素(HA)基因序列,设计引物从T-HA质粒上扩增出HA基因,克隆到puDTCL的表达盒的多克隆位点NheI与ApaI之间,成功构建含LacZ及HA基因的转移载体质粒puDTCL-HA。将这载体质粒与DPV34F2疫苗毒共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),经蓝斑克隆筛选和纯化,获得了遗传性状稳定的表达HA基因的重组鸭瘟病毒。     

猪细小病毒VP2蛋白病毒样颗粒在伪狂犬病病毒表达系统中的表达

利用PCR技术从猪细小病毒（PPV）SC1株基因组中扩增VP2全基因,并将其插入真核表达载体pPI-2.EG-FP中,构建转移载体pPI-2.EGFP.VP2。采用脂质体介导法将猪伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）SA215株DNA与pPI-2.EGFP.VP2DNA共转染Vero细胞,待出现细胞病变后收集病毒液。经空斑纯化,并同时采用检测PPV VP2基因的PCR方法筛选获得重组病毒PRV SA215/VP2株。以兔抗VP2的多克隆抗体建立的免疫荧光技术可检测到Vero细胞发出的特异性荧光,表明PPV VP2成功插入到PRV SA215基因组中,并获得表达。进一步电镜观察表明,感染PRV SA215/VP2的Vero细胞中可同时观察到PRV与PPV 2种类病毒样颗粒。结果表明,成功实现了利用PRV载体表达PPV VP2蛋白病毒样颗粒,为进一步研制PPV病毒样颗粒疫苗奠定了基础。