居住区“雨水花园”基础理论研究

本文首先对居住区和雨水花园的概念进行界定,其次对雨水花园的基础理论进行了大量研究,不拘泥于研究居住区"雨水花园"的概念、类型、功能,而是深入剖析居住区"雨水花园"的结构、设计步骤、工作模式,以此把握居住区"雨水花园"设计的理论核心。通过研究,以期将"雨水花园"运用到居住区景观这一特定区域,促进居住区"雨水花园"的实践,推广普及居住区"雨水花园"的设计策略和方法,达到实现建设海绵城市的目的。     

开放式居住区植物景观营造模式分析

城市建设发展中,为满足城市居民居住需求,居住区"开放式"模式得以推广应用。开放式居住区植物景观营造也随之引起相关人员的高度关注。如何营造开放式居住区植物景观,逐渐成为优化居民区内容结构的重要部分。以开放式居住区植物景观为主题,以开放式居住区植物景观配置原则入手,简要分析了开放式居住区植物景观营造模式。     

居住区园路的设计

从园路构成、设计原则和园路典型结构方面分析了居住区园路的设计。     

广西钦州市居住区园林景观规划调查分析

随着城市居民对生活环境越来越讲究及重视,房地产开发商在居住区的园林景观规划与建设上也有很大进步;合理的植物景观规划不仅能丰富城市园林景观效果,更重要的是能改善建筑环境,提高居民的生活质量。文章选择钦州市主城区内10个成熟居住区为调研对象,对居住区绿化规划中的绿化面积大小、植物选择运用、植物群落结构、绿化规划模式等方面进行研究与分析,希望能为建设具有一定环境效益和经济效益的居住区园林景观提供参考。     

浅析生态风景园林理论在居住区室外景观设计中的应用

现如今,越来越多的人们在社会和生活不断发展的基础上,对精神文化的需求也在逐日递增,最明显的在于人们开始关注自身居住区的环境质量。同时,判断居住区是否优良的关键也由地理条件、房屋条件等因素转变为室外空间的景观设计因素。这也就需要越来越多的园林学者和景观设计师用专业的风景园林理论知识,在居住区做出因地制宜的景观结构,这也是从根本上提升城市品质和百姓生活水平的重要因素之一。     

浅谈居住区环境景观设计

随着我国房地产产业的发展,怎样设计一个合理的、适合人类居住区环境,是一项值得我们探讨的问题。居住区环境景观设计的合理性关系到居民的健康,并且直接影响到居民的心理健康。由于我国居住区环境景观设计缺乏经验,设计居住区环境景观不合理,风格体系不明确。通过对我国居住区环境景观设计认真分析,认真分析社会发展和居民需求,实地调查居民对现阶段居住区环境景观设计的要求。并且通过调查分析提出现在居住区环境景观中功能性滞后和人性化设计缺乏。为我国居住区设计出来合理的景观的设计理念而努力,为实现设计有利于居民生活的居住区环境景观提出一些意见。     

居住区绿化设计初探

近几年来,居住区的环境建设越来越被人们关注,"以人为本"景观的设计原则,舒适、安全、健康、平衡的生态型景观环境已开始走进人们的生活,成为居住区一大亮点。本文针对居住区绿化的现状及人们对居住环境的要求,结合居住区绿化中存在的问题,阐述了居住区绿地的规划和设计原则,提出了应对策略,以期为进一步建设人性化的生态居住区提供一定借鉴。     

居住区公园规划设计探讨

居住区公园作为居住区的重要组成部分,具有营造绿色空间、景观元素和生态效益等功能。本文试图通过比较不同规模的居住区公园的设计方案,来探讨居住区公园设计的方法,并提出了应该注意的一些问题。     

现代居住区园林绿化规划设计的思考

我国经济的快速发展,使得人们的生活水平逐渐提高,人们对生活环境的要求也越来越高,因此,规划设计师在规划设计居住区园林绿化时,就应充分考虑人们对品质的追求。根据人们的生活需求和功能结构要求,突破传统的城市居住区规划模式,为人民营造一个舒适的社区居住氛围。     

浅谈居住区的园林景观设计

居住区园林景观设计是提升人们居住环境的一项重要手段,优秀的居住区园林景观具有良好的社会效益及生态效益,能够使人们的生活空间更为舒适、自由和完美。为使居住区园林景观的设计不断完善,使其真正成为居民生活以及休闲的最佳场所,从居住区园林景观的设计的重要性入手,分析了居住区园林景观的几项基本设计原则,并对提升居住区园林景观设计水平提出了相关建议。     

虎舌红营养器官分泌结构的解剖学观察

利用植物解剖学方法对虎舌红(Ardisia mamillataHance)的分泌结构进行观察。结果表明:虎舌红具有发达的分泌结构。其分泌结构分为内分泌结构(分泌细胞和分泌道)和外分泌结构(腺毛和分泌表皮)。植株的茎、叶均密被腺毛,而分泌细胞及分泌道则广泛地分布于根、茎、叶的皮层或髓部薄壁组织中;分泌道为溶生型。     

Effect of rhizoma acori graminei on the secondary structure of amyloid beta-protein 25-35

AIM: To study the effect and the mechanism of rhizoma acori graminei’s water extract and its naphtha on the secondary structure of amyloid beta-protein 25-35 (abeta 25-35). METHODS:Abeta 25-35 protein was cultured in PBS for 30 min, 24 h, 7 d in 37 ℃, then the change of secondary structure in abeta 25-35 was measured by circular dichroism (CD). Under the same condition, abeta 25-35 protein was cultured with different concentrations of RAG’s water extract and its naphtha instead of PBS, its secondary structure was also observed with CD. RESULTS:Obvious changes were observed between the CD graphs: when cultured in PBS for 30 min, the secondary structure of abeta 25-35 protein all were α-helix; but after 24 h, its secondary structure change, only 10.10% α-helix and 18.40% β-sheet was observed. When cultured for 7 days, its secondary structure mainly were β-sheet (27.00%) and random (56.40%). After cultured with RAG’s water extract and its naphtha, α-helix structure increased evidently, and the result showed that the best effect was when it is cultured with 100% RAG’s water extract and 100% naphtha for 7 days, its secondary structure all converted to α-helix. CONCLUSION: Definite concentration of RAG’s water extract and its naphtha effectively prevented abeta 25-35 protein’s secondary structure change from α-helix to β-sheet in definite times.     

荔枝果皮的扫描电镜观察

荔枝极不耐贮，果实采收后３～４天即开始变褐、变质、霉烂。用扫描电镜技术观察查皮结构，发现其外果皮细胞外壁和角质层很薄，且向外作半球形突出，易受机械损伤，因而保护能力较差。     

江苏沿海地区单体大棚棚型结构研究与分析

通过对盐城地区主要单体大棚棚型结构研究与分析,指明各单体大棚棚型结构的优缺点,在此基础上研究形成符合本地区气候特点、具有适用性和针对性的优化型大棚结构。     

不同倍性西瓜果实果皮解剖结构的比较

果皮是西瓜果实的重要组成部分,其结构对果实的贮运性能有重要影响。通过制作果皮组织的石蜡切片,观察了8组同基因型不同倍性西瓜果皮结构,研究不同染色体倍性对西瓜果实果皮结构的影响及西瓜果实贮运性能的影响。研究表明,不同倍性西瓜果皮结构存在差异,多倍体西瓜果皮厚度及各组成部分的厚度均大于二倍体,石细胞大小及形态与二倍体存在差异,多倍体西瓜果实的内果皮层从外到内有较为明显的小细胞向大细胞的过渡,而二倍体的这一变化不明显,在西瓜果实的不同发育时期,果皮结构也存在一定的差异。     

真菌多糖结构修饰及鉴定研究进展

真菌多糖具有抗肿瘤、抗凝血、免疫调节、降血脂、抗病毒等多种生物活性,其生物活性与多糖的结构密切相关。近年来,国内外对多糖的结构修饰方法、结构与功能关系的研究越来越热。对真菌多糖结构修饰方法进行了简述,并阐述了4大波谱（紫外光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振波谱、质谱）在结构修饰多糖鉴定中的应用。     

蕨麻试管苗根、叶的形态解剖学研究

通过对蕨麻试管苗和大田实生苗根、叶形态解剖的观察比较,在离体培养条件下：蕨麻的株形呈直立状,叶色浅绿,叶形与自然条件下实生苗相似,只是叶片数少而小,叶片光滑、叶被绒毛稀少;从解剖结构看：试管苗的根与大田苗的幼根结构极为相似,根中初生木质部为四原型;叶的结构,两类苗叶肉均有栅栏组织与海绵组织的分化,属于背腹型叶;区别在于试管苗叶的叶表无角质层,气孔突起、开口大,栅栏组织与海绵组织比值较低。综合这些指标,说明植物的形态结构与环境是相互依存、互为统一的。     

缺铁对苹果叶片解剖结构的影响

对不同树龄、不同品种苹果缺铁及正常状况下绿叶和黄叶的解剖构造进行比较研究，结果表明，在缺铁失绿状态下，其内部解剖构造发生了相应的变化。缺铁叶栅栏组织细胞排列疏松、细胞变短、外形由棒状变为念珠状，叶绿体数量明显减少、对番红一般呈负反应，中脉维管束下方为无或很少含匀质内含物的薄壁细胞或为含颗粒状内含物的薄壁细胞，输导组织中钙结晶较少。此外，在相同的铁供应条件下，老龄树较幼龄树的解剖构造均表现为发育不良，对此缺铁诊断时应以考虑。叶解剖构造的变化对于判断苹果树缺铁状况具有重要的参考价值。     

Influence of landscape structure on reef fish assemblages

Management of tropical marine environments calls for interdisciplinary studies and innovative methodologies that consider processes occurring over broad spatial scales. We investigated relationships between landscape structure and reef fish assemblage structure in the US Virgin Islands. Measures of landscape structure were transformed into a reduced set of composite indices using principal component analyses (PCA) to synthesize data on the spatial patterning of the landscape structure of the study reefs. However, composite indices (e.g., habitat diversity) were not particularly informative for predicting reef fish assemblage structure. Rather, relationships were interpreted more easily when functional groups of fishes were related to individual habitat features. In particular, multiple reef fish parameters were strongly associated with reef context. Fishes responded to benthic habitat structure at multiple spatial scales, with various groups of fishes each correlated to a unique suite of variables. Accordingly, future experiments should be designed to test functional relationships based on the ecology of the organisms of interest. Our study demonstrates that landscape-scale habitat features influence reef fish communities, illustrating promise in applying a landscape ecology approach to better understand factors that structure coral reef ecosystems. Furthermore, our findings may prove useful in design of spatially-based conservation approaches such as marine protected areas (MPAs), because landscape-scale metrics may serve as proxies for areas with high species diversity and abundance within the coral reef landscape.     

Landscape structure influences continental distribution of hantavirus in deer mice

We hypothesized that landscape structure affects movement of individuals through the landscape, which affects the rate and pattern of disease transmission. Based on this hypothesis, we predicted a relationship between landscape structure and disease incidence in spatially structured populations. We tested this prediction for hantavirus incidence in deer mice (Penomysens moniculatus), using a novel index of habitat fragmentation for transect data. A series of four stepwise logistic regression analyses were conducted on serological and ecological data from 2837 mice from 101 sites across Canada. The significant variables, ranked in decreasing order of size of their effect on virus incidence were: human buildings, landscape composition (amount of deer mouse habitat in the 1-km radius landscape surrounding each site), landscape configuration (fragmentation of deer mouse habitat in the 1-km radius landscape surrounding each site), mean annual temperature, and seasonal variation. Our results suggest that epidemiological models should consider not only the demographic structure of the host population, but its spatial structure as well, as inferred from landscape structure. Landscape structure can have a greater effect on the pattern of distribution of a virus in its host population than other ecological variables such as climate and seasonal change. The usefulness of landscape data in epidemiological models depends on the use of the appropriate spatial scale, which can be determined empirically. Epidemiological models with a spatially structured host population can benefit from the explicit consideration of landscape structure.