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烟酸是反刍动物机体内的一种必需维生素,是重要辅酶NAD和NADP的直接前体,参与脂肪酸、碳水化合物和氨基酸的合成和分解。一般认为,反刍动物饲料中和瘤胃微生物合成的烟酸,完全可以满足需要,不需另外添加。但生产观察和实验资料证明,反刍动物在某些条件下需要补充烟酸,如奶牛产奶量的提高、日粮中精料比例增加或亮氨酸和精氨酸过量、饲料加工过程中饲料中烟酸和体内可以合成烟酸的色氨酸的破坏均可导致反刍动物缺乏烟酸(杨赵军,1997)。一些试验证明,奶牛日粮中补加烟酸,可提高产奶量(Fronk和Schultz,1979;Riddel等,1981;Jaster,1983a)、… 相似文献
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烟酸在反刍动物营养中的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述烟酸在反刍动物营养代谢的作用和对生产性能的影响,反刍动物对烟酸的需要量及影响因素等多方面的研究成果,为生产中烟酸在反刍动物营养中的应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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粗饲料在反刍动物营养中的作用及影响饲料营养价值的因素 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文从粗饲料在反刍家畜营养中的作用和影响粗饲料品质两个方面进行了较为详细的讨论,为粗饲料在反刍动物日粮中的应用提供科学依据。 相似文献
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不同配比的培养基对纤维素分解菌发酵饲料的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用纤维素分解菌生产发酵饲料是当前饲料业的一个发展方向,它可将纤维素分解为牲畜可利用的糖,同时增加饲料中蛋白质的含量。本试验以康氏木霉和酿酒酵母两株菌混合发酵生产单细胞蛋白饲料,并对加水比、物料比、氮源添加量等因素进行研究,最终通过正交实验对各因素综合分析,确定最佳培养基配方,为玉米秸秆粉与麸皮1:1混合,3.5%(NH4)2SO4,原料:水为1:4,pH5.5,30℃,培养周期5d。发酵终产物粗蛋白含量20.05%,经发酵前提高了60.4%;粗纤维含量为11.01%,降低了61.96%。 相似文献
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Effects of rumen-protected methionine and lysine on ruminant performance and nutrient metabolism 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Four trials were conducted to determine the effects of supplemental rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) and lysine (RPLys) on lamb N metabolism and steer feedlot performance. In trial 1, 20 Suffolk-sired, crossbred lambs (avg weight 32 kg) were fed diets containing no supplemental methionine (Met) and lysine (Lys), .03% RPMet, .05% RPLys or .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys. Lambs fed .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys had a 33% increase in N retention compared with lambs fed no supplemental Met and Lys. In trial 2, to verify the protection and availability of these amino acids, five Targhee lambs (avg weight 35 kg) were fed corn-soybran flake diets supplemented with urea and were assigned in a 5 X 5 Latin square to one of the following treatments: 1) control; 2) .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys offered in the diet; 3) .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys abomassally infused; 4) .03% non-protected Met + .05% non-protected Lys offered in the diet and 5) .03% Met + .05% Lys abomasally infused. Treatments 2, 3 and 5 decreased (P less than .05) urinary N (g/d) and increased N retention (P less than .05) compared with the control diet (treatment 1). Increases (P less than .05) in plasma Met and Lys concentrations indicated that the amino acids were protected and available for animals at the site of absorption. In trial 3, 40 crossbred Angus steers (avg weight 247 kg) were fed diets composed of 53% corn silage and 47% concentrate and supplemented with soybean meal to 11.3% crude protein. Steers that were fed diets containing .19% RPMet + .11% RPLys had greater daily gain (P less than .05) than those fed diets containing no supplemental amino acids, .11% RPMet + .01% RPLys, and .15% RPMet + .06% RPLys (1.39 vs 1.23, 1.22 and 1.20 kg/d, respectively). Similar improvements in feed conversion resulted and increases in plasma Met concentrations followed the same trend. In trial 4, 40 crossbred Angus steers (avg weight 368 kg) were fed corn grain-corn silage diets supplemented with urea. Treatments were: no supplemental amino acids; .05% RPMet + .01% RPLys; .10% RPMet + .04% RPLys; and .15% RPMet + .07% RPLys. No differences in steer performance resulted due to supplemental RPMet and RPLys (P greater than .05). The results of these trials suggest that the RPMet and RPLys used in this study are protected from ruminal degradation, are available post-ruminally and can improve lamb N balance and growing steer performance. 相似文献
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瘤胃微生物、饲料特性以及动物饲喂方式等都能够影响反刍动物对纤维素的消化,日粮中纤维的降解程度和降解速度主要取决于微生物与饲料纤维发酵基质的接触程度。文中就瘤胃微生物和动物自身对纤维降解的影响进行了讨论。 相似文献