油菜不同地表覆盖栽培方式产量与效益的比较研究

西部地区是我国油菜的主产区, 干旱是该地区油菜高产的主要制约因子。为寻求适宜西北沿山干旱区自然气候条件下油菜抗旱栽培技术, 选膜侧沟播、半膜覆盖平播、全膜覆盖平播、麦秸覆盖平播和全膜覆盖沟播5种地表覆盖栽培方式, 与常规露地平播种植方法进行了植株形态、产量和效益比较。结果表明: 不同地表覆盖栽培方式对油菜株高、茎粗、主花序长度、单株分枝数量、角果数等性状产生较大影响。除麦秸覆盖平播外, 全膜覆盖平播、全膜覆盖沟播、膜侧沟播和半膜覆盖平播均能显著提高油菜的株高、茎粗和主花序长度; 全膜覆盖平播和全膜覆盖沟播可有效地促进油菜植株的一次分枝, 而半膜覆盖平播、膜侧沟播和麦秸覆盖平播无明显作用; 地表覆盖处理抑制了油菜的二次分枝。全膜覆盖沟播、全膜覆盖平播、膜侧沟播和半膜覆盖平播均促进了油菜单株角果数的增多, 而膜侧沟播、麦草覆盖平播、半膜覆盖平播提高了油菜角粒数, 全膜覆盖沟播、全膜覆盖平播、膜侧沟播、麦秸覆盖平播降低了油菜千粒重。采用全膜覆盖沟播、全膜覆盖平播、膜侧沟播栽培油菜, 产量分别达2 111.25 kg·hm^-2、2 017.95 kg·hm^-2和1 934.70 kg·hm^-2, 比常规露地平播增产52.16 %、45.44 %和39.44 %; 纯经济效益分别达1 985.85元·hm^-2、1 868.55元·hm^-2和1 495.20元·hm^-2, 比常规露地平播高2.22倍、2.03倍和1.43倍。半膜覆盖平播、麦秸覆盖平播产量及效益均显著低于常规露地平播。因此, 我国西北沿山旱作区采用全膜覆盖沟播、全膜覆盖平播、膜侧沟播等3种栽培方式种植油菜, 可获得较高的产量和较为理想的经济收入, 应在生产上大力推广应用。     

西峰黄土高原麦田土壤水分的垂直分布

利用西峰1989~2005年冬小麦生长期的土壤水分含量,分析了麦田土壤水分的旬月变化特征、垂直分布特征和土壤水分含量与降水量的关系,以及冬小麦生长期土壤总含水量与冬小麦产量间的关系。结果表明:西峰土壤水分含量具有明显的时间变化特征,8~11月与次年3~7月的实测土壤水分变化先增加再减少;垂直变化明显,0~40 cm为多变层,40~110为缓变层,110~200 cm为稳定层;垂直分布有明显的规律性,表现为旱季深层水分有向上传输的延迟,雨季水分有向下渗透的延迟;其年际变化振荡比较明显,呈多波动年际变化,冬小麦千粒重与生长期内土壤平均含水量呈正相关,相关系数为0.75,达到α=0.01置信度相关水平。     

密度和有机肥对苏北滩涂蓖麻群体生长及产量构成的影响

本研究于2013-2015年连续3年在江苏省大丰市金海农场沿海滩涂试验基地进行蓖麻种植密度和有机肥试验,探讨江苏沿海滩涂连续有机肥施用和种植密度对蓖麻群体生长和产量构成的影响。试验设高(18 000株·hm~(-2))、中(15 000株·hm~(-2))、低(12 000株·hm~(-2))3个种植密度与3个有机肥施肥水平(12 000 kg·hm~(-2)、6 000株·hm~(-2)和0 kg·hm~(-2))的田间小区互作试验。在蓖麻各生育期调查地上部干物质积累及其分配、叶面积指数、功能叶叶绿素含量、穗部性状及籽粒产量等指标。研究结果表明,连续3年施用有机肥可明显改善土壤养分状况,中密度下施用12 000 kg·hm~(-2)有机肥使开花期土壤全氮、有效磷、有效钾和有机质含量比不施有机肥处理分别升高47.37%、169.21%、54.65%和13.77%,达到显著水平(P0.05)。有机肥施用增加了中、低密度下蓖麻生长后期叶面积指数与功能叶叶绿素含量,对群体生长率产生了一定的促进作用,使得中密度群体地上部干物质积累量达到高密度水平。中密度群体增施有机肥还促进了干物质在花后生殖器官中所占比重,且单株有效穗数、单株粒数和百粒重随着有机肥施用量的增加而增加,有效补偿了密度降低带来的蓖麻群体产量降低,最终中密度处理下施用12 000 kg·hm~(-2)有机肥蓖麻获得最高产量(3 943.77 kg·hm~(-2)),与高密度群体差异不显著(P0.05)。由此可见,通过适当降低种植密度并增施有机肥能够有效合理地调控蓖麻群体生长,促进干物质的合理分配和转移,实现了保穗增重增产的目的。     

不同密度下增施有机肥对夏玉米物质生产及产量构成的影响

本研究在夏玉米季适当降低种植密度并连续两年施用有机肥,旨在了解黄淮海地区夏玉米群体物质累积和产量构成对有机肥施用量和种植密度的响应,从而降低倒伏风险,确保稳产、高产。试验采用随机区组设计,设高、中、低3个种植密度,分别为90 000株·hm-2、75 000株·hm-2和60 000株·hm-2,3个种植密度下设不同的有机肥施用量处理,其中高密度下设30 m3·hm-2一种施肥量,中密度下设30 m3·hm-2一种施肥量,低密度下设0 m3·hm-2、30 m3·hm-2和45 m3·hm-23种施肥量。研究结果表明:施用有机肥可以有效改善土壤肥力。施用有机肥第1年,在中、低密度下对玉米干物质生产、群体生长速率和产量构成均产生一定的促进作用,但效果不显著。施用有机肥第2年,低密度下玉米群体衰老速率减缓,叶面积指数和棒三叶叶绿素相对含量在生育后期均维持在较高水平,花后群体生长速率维持在较高水平,且与中高密度无显著差异,群体花后生物量增加幅度最大,成熟期地上部总生物量显著提高甚至接近中高密度。低密度下施用有机肥后穗粒数和千粒重均大幅度提高,从而有效补偿了低密度下穗数的不足,最终低密度下施用45 m3·hm-2有机肥处理产量达10 838 kg·hm-2,与中、高密度下施用30 m3·hm-2有机肥处理的产量11 080 kg·hm-2和11 202 kg·hm-2基本持平且差异不显著。由此可见,通过适度降低密度并增施有机肥能够有效合理地调控群体花前花后生长,避免前期旺长和后期早衰,实现保穗保花增重增产的目的。     

滴灌条件下不同覆盖材料对玉米产量效益及土壤水分的影响

为探明不同覆盖材料对滴灌水肥一体化条件下玉米产量和土壤水分分布的影响,以普通PE地膜和裸地为对照,分析全生物降解膜、加厚PE地膜、玉米秸秆等3种材料覆盖下对玉米产量和水分的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆、加厚PE地膜和生物降解膜覆盖后玉米产量为13 114.5～13 708.5 kg/hm2,较普通PE地膜增产1.4%～6.0%;水分利用效率为24.17～25.11 kg/(mm·hm2),较普通PE地膜提高2.3%～3.8%。产值与效益均高于普通PE地膜,均以玉米秸秆处理最高,分别为38 383.8、24 283.8元/hm2;生物降解膜次之,分别为37 674.0、21 624.0元/hm2;加厚PE 地膜排第3,分别为36 720.6、21 570.6元/hm2。收获后覆盖处理土壤水分均呈典型的“双峰”曲线,上层含水量高于下层,对深层土壤水分影响较大。在降水量低、蒸发量高的沿黄灌区,覆膜的主要作用是减蒸保水,用可生物降解的环保型降解地膜、易回收型的加厚PE地膜或固炭培肥型的秸秆替代普通PE膜可行。     

Photosynthetic Traits of Spring Barley throughout Development Stages under Field Conditions

Photosynthetic traits are affected by many environmental factors, of which the most important ones are microclimate of crop stand and meteorological conditions. A 2-year field study was conducted to determine the photosynthetic rate (P) and chlorophyll index (SPAD) alteration in various spring barley cultivars throughout development stages under field conditions. The tests involved three seed rates (SR) [200 (SR I), 400 (SR II), and 600 (SR III) viable seeds per m²] and three cultivars (Aura DS, Barke, and Gustav). The measurements were made four times during the growing season. In 2008, the P values were the greatest at BBCH 45 under warm conditions coupled with a lack of rainfall. The spring barley cultivars differed in tolerance of the weather conditions between the experimental years. The P of Barke was the greatest in warm and dry conditions (2008), and that of Gustav was greatest mainly in wet conditions. The P of Aura DS was lower than the trial mean in both years. The SRs effect on P and SPAD was significant only in sporadic cases. The variation of P and SPAD depended significantly (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) on the weather factors and their interaction.     

不同生产条件下留茬高度对水稻秸秆可收集量的影响

研究水稻不同留茬高度下秸秆资源可收集量与还田量是开展水稻秸秆资源合理开发利用的基础。本文通过对江苏省境内推广的主栽水稻品种进行调查研究, 将秸秆从基部向上依次截成长度为5 cm、10 cm、5 cm、5 cm 和剩余部分5 段, 对穗部单独脱粒处理, 分别进行烘干称重, 在此基础上分析了品种类型、种植方式和产量水平对水稻秸秆资源产生量及不同留茬高度下的秸秆可收集量的影响。结果表明: 水稻秸秆量多少表现为粳型稻>籼型稻, 机插秧>人工栽插>直播>抛秧, 高产水平>低产水平的特征; 相同留茬高度下, 水稻秸秆可收集量占秸秆总量的比例在不同产量水平之间和不同品种类型之间差异不显著, 而在不同种植方式之间存在较大差异, 以抛秧稻的秸秆可收集比例最低。不同生产条件下, 水稻秸秆可收集比例随留茬高度改变而改变, 在低留茬条件下, 其变化幅度较小, 高留茬条件下, 变化幅度相应增大。在留茬5 cm 时, 其变幅为0.815~0.868; 在留茬15 cm 时, 变幅为0.668~0.732; 在留茬20 cm 时, 变幅为0.600~0.669; 在留茬25 cm 时,变幅为0.533~0.618。水稻秸秆产生量分别受品种类型、种植方式及产量水平的影响, 在留茬高度一致的条件下, 水稻秸秆可收集比例受种植方式的影响最大, 而产量水平与品种类型对其影响不显著。     

麦套春棉小麦株高对生态环境的影响

通过对不同株高小麦套种下棉行生态环境的研究表明：套种棉行的土壤温度和光照度，与小麦遮荫程度和遮荫时间有明显关系。小麦对套种棉行的遮荫程度，随着小麦株高的增加而加重；小麦对套种棉行的遮荫时间，随着小麦成熟期的推迟而延长。而套种棉苗的生长量，与小麦株高和成熟期有密切关系，小麦植株越高，成熟期越晚，棉苗生长越慢。因此，麦套春棉的小麦应选用高产、植株较矮的中早熟品种，使之既有利于小麦产量的提高，又有利于棉花的生长发育。     

灌溉条件下秸秆覆盖麦田耗水特性研究

试验于2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3年在中科院禹城综合试验站完成,研究了秸秆覆盖和灌溉对冬小麦农田耗水特性的影响,结果表明:秸秆覆盖能够增强灌溉水的入渗能力。随着灌溉量的增加,秸秆覆盖减少深层底墒水(SMBS)的消耗。灌溉显著增加冬小麦的耗水强度,返青后,覆盖处理冬小麦的耗水强度大于不覆盖处理。在播种到返青期间,覆盖比不覆盖处理平均少蒸散5 2 2 5mm。返青后,覆盖处理的阶段耗水量大于不覆盖处理,但覆盖与不覆盖处理间的总耗水量差异不大     

氮素和生物腐解剂调控下稻草还田对水稻氮素积累及产量的影响

采用田间试验,研究在不同的氮素和生物腐解剂调控措施下稻草还田对水稻氮素积累及其产量的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田能显著提高水稻穗的氮素积累量。与对照相比,无论是总的氮素积累量,还是籽粒的氮素积累量,均以稻草还田两年+高氮+生物腐解剂的处理为最大值。不同处理水平对水稻产量也有明显影响:稻草还田两年的处理显著高于一年的处理,高氮水平显著高于低氮水平,添加生物腐解剂的处理优于未添加生物腐解剂处理;其中以稻草还田两年+高氮+生物腐解剂处理的水稻产量最高。因此,我们认为稻草还田两年+高氮+生物腐解剂是东北地区的最佳稻草还田方式。     

高肥力稻田分次施氮对氮素淋失的影响

通过自行设计的渗漏计研究在控水灌溉条件下稻田不同氮肥处理氮素淋失的动态规律,结果表明:在水稻整个生育期间,渗漏水中铵态氮、硝态氮保持较低的浓度,均小于1mg/L,但对硝态氮而言,仍是氮素淋失的主要类型。从总的趋势来看,渗漏水中氮素浓度随施肥量增加而增加。每次施肥后,不同处理渗漏水中的NO3--N浓度均表现为短期内迅速上升、后期逐渐下降的趋势,其中NH4 -N浓度与NO3--N消长规律相似,但表现出峰值超前的特征。各小区渗漏计中NH4 -N、NO3--N及TN累积渗漏量与施肥量之间存在显著相关性,R2分别达到0.933*,0.984**和0.982**。另外从环境和经济角度考虑,建议在土壤质地粘重、基础肥力较高的水稻土施肥量控制在75～150kg/hm2为宜,控制氮素淋失主要时期为施肥后一周内,特别在基肥施后尤为关键。     

Growth Promotion of Maize (Zea mays L.) by Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria under Field Conditions

Plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play an important role in plant health and soil fertility. The experiment was conducted as factorial experiment with two factors of Azospirillum and Azotobacter. The bacterial strains were Azospirillum lipoferum s-21, A. brasilense DSM 1690, A. lipoferum DSM 1691, Azotobacter chroococcum s-5, and A. chroococcum DSM 2286. The results indicated that growth promotion by PGPR appears from early stages of growth, 45 days after inoculation (DAI). Beneficial effects of bacterial inoculation on ear growth were observed after 75 DAI. Inoculation with PGPR increased dry weights of leaf, stem, and grain and hence total biomass sampled at 90, 105, and 120 (harvest time) DAI. The greatest grain weight was produced by Azospirillum s-21 inoculation. Dual inoculation with Azotobacter s-5 + Azospirillum s-21 significantly increased total dry weight up to 115%. Results of this study showed that leaf area index and crop growth index were significantly affected by bacterial treatments.     

施肥量和播种密度对陇东优质冬小麦灌浆期生理特性的影响

为明确施肥量和种植密度对优质小麦灌浆期生理特性的影响, 采用多因素随机区组设计试验方法, 对优质冬小麦"陇鉴301"的籽粒灌浆期生理特性进行了研究, 并就施肥量、种植密度2因素进行了方差分析.结果表明: 不同肥密水平对小麦灌浆进程均产生影响.中肥高密度处理对小麦灌浆最有利, 高肥高密度处理下产量最高, 为4 188.09 kg·hm-2.肥密水平对冬小麦3项光合指标均产生影响, 但影响的具体程度因光合指标和处理而异, 高密度中肥处理有利于提高叶片光合速率, 高密度高肥处理有利于提高叶片蒸腾速率, 高肥水平则有利于提高叶片的气孔导度.灌浆、产量及生理特性的肥密互作效应达极显著水平, 且具有正向的互作值.为提高小麦产量, 生产上应依据品种特性来协调确定施肥量和种植密度.     

不同水分条件下葡萄临界氮稀释曲线模型的建立及氮素营养诊断

以1a生葡萄植株“红提”为试材,在Venlo型试验温室内进行土壤水分和施氮量双因素区组试验。试验设置4个灌水水平,分别为正常灌溉量W1（田间最大持水量的70%～80%）、轻度水分胁迫W2（60%～70%）、中度水分胁迫W3（50%～60%）和重度水分胁迫W4（30%～40%）;设置4个施氮水平,分别为1.5倍推荐施氮量（N1,25.5g plant-1）、正常推荐施氮量（N2,17g plant-1）、0.5倍推荐施氮量（N3,8.5g plant-1）和不施用氮肥（N4,0g plant-1）。每10d观测一次植株体内氮浓度和植株地上部生物量,利用不同水分条件下葡萄植株在一定生长时期内所获最大生物量时对应的最小氮浓度值即临界氮浓度（Nc）构建葡萄临界氮浓度稀释曲线模型,并在此基础上建立氮素吸收模型（Nupt）和氮素营养指数模型（NNI）,对不同水分条件下葡萄氮营养状况进行定量诊断。结果表明：设施葡萄植株临界氮浓度与地上部生物量存在幂函数关系,随着灌水量的增加,葡萄植株临界氮浓度值增大,氮素吸收量及地上部生物量也呈增加趋势;在W1、W2水分条件下,葡萄植株生物量随施氮量增加而增加,而W3和W4处理葡萄生物量随施氮量增加呈先增后降的趋势;在相同水分条件下,氮浓度随施氮量增加而增加,随葡萄生长进程而降低;利用Nupt和NNI模型可对植株体内氮营养元素亏缺与否进行有效诊断。     

不同施肥处理对白菜的物质积累与养分吸收的影响

研究了在洞庭湖平原的冲积性菜园土条件下,不同施肥结构对白菜生育期间的物质积累与白菜对N,P,K养分的吸收规律以及土壤有效N,P,K养分的动态变化.结果表明,不同处理白菜的产量相差较大,各施肥处理比不施肥对照平均增产达33.1%,但各施肥处理之间产量差异不显著.白菜对N,P,K养分的吸收都是在移栽30 d以后的生长中、后期,与其地上部生物产量的积累规律一致.专用肥处理和有机无机肥配施处理明显促进白菜对N,P,K养分的吸收.从而提高白菜对肥料养分的利用率.当地习惯施肥处理的N,P施用量明显过大,浪费肥料,也对当地水体及环境造成污染.其施K量明显低于白菜一季的总吸钾量,既影响白菜产量和品质,也造成土壤K素的耗竭.根据不施肥对照和4个平衡施肥处理白菜地上部分的养分吸收总量结果,以白菜对肥料N,P,K的当季利用率分别为40%,25%和60%计算,供试土壤条件下白菜一季所需N,P_2O_3,K_2O的施用量分别为195.25 kg/hm~2,145.60 kg/hm~2,228.53 kg/hm~2.其N:P_2O_5: K_2O值为1:0.75-1.17.     

Optimizing Weight Method to Evaluate Nitrogen Release Characters of Polymer-Coated Urea in Paddy Soil under Field Conditions

Polymer-coated urea can improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency of rice. But, the nitrogen release characters from flooded paddy soil are lacking. Traditional weight methods use a vacuum oven to dry. Depending on the coating, some polymer-coated urea still retain water after drying. A new weight method was proposed: washing fertilizer granules in the buried bags with distilled water, and transferring to a plastic bag, then placing it at ?80°C for 2 h, and then transferring to the lyophilizer to dry for 24 h. The method was compared with chemical analyses. This result indicated that the weight method can be used for determining N release characteristics in paddy soil. In the whole growing season, over 75% of N was released. Different amounts of granules in the bag can influence the result. The release rate of 10.0 g in bags was higher than 3.0 g. Surface applied polymer-coated urea has a higher rate than deep application.     

Performance Assessment of Chlorophyll Meter to Determine When to Irrigate Wheat under Different Soil Moisture Deficit Conditions: An Initial Study

ABSTRACT

Proper irrigation timing can minimize the negative impacts that reduce crop yields. Therefore, in an initial pot experimental study, we assessed the SPAD (Soil–Plant Analysis Development)-chlorophyll meter as a tool to determine proper irrigation timing of wheat under different soil water deficit conditions in a controlled-environment greenhouse. The treatments were controlled irrigation at 100% (T₁), 70% (T₂), 50% (T₃) and 30% (T₄) of soil water content at field capacity; and the growth stages were development, mid-season and late-season. SPAD readings were measured pre-irrigation events. The results indicated that the T₃ and T₂ achieved maximum grain yield per accumulated crop evapotranspiration, i.e. water productivity (0.82 and 0.76 kg m^?3), and were at par with T₁. Moreover, the SPAD readings had a high Pearson’s correlation coefficient with crop evapotranspiration (r = 0.95; P ≤ 0.001) and wheat grain yield (r = 0.90; P ≤ 0.001), indicating that SPAD reading could be used to reliably estimate when to irrigate wheat. Therefore, T₃ and T₂ SPAD readings were averaged to estimate a target limit at which irrigation should be applied. Accordingly, the target limit was defined as >44.76 for the development stage, >50.72 for the mid-season stage, and >37.64 for the late-season stage; readings below this target limit indicate that it is time to irrigate.     

Transformation of S Fractions under Field Conditions with Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in an Alfisol of Karnataka

A field experiment involving four levels of sulfur (S; 0, 15, 30, and 45 kg ha^?1) and three sources [elemental S, gypsum, and ammonium sulfate] significantly increased contents of all the S fractions compared to no S application and which decreased with crop growth. Application of ammonium sulfate recorded greater values of S fractions compared to gypsum and elemental S. Lower values of S fractions were recorded in elemental S treatments. Significant decreases in water-soluble and available soil S between flowering and harvest contributed to the pool of plant-available S. Significant increases in residual S fractions were observed due to levels of applied S even after harvest. Correlations between the S fractions indicated significant positive relations. Greatest pod and haulm yields, oil content, and oil yield of the groundnut were recorded in the T₁₀ treatment followed by gypsum and elemental S treatments.     

Migration of Sr,Nd and Ce in Unsaturated Chinese Loess under Artificial Sprinkling Conditions: A Field Migration Test

Double concentration peak phenomenon has been observed in nuclide migration tests in unsaturated Chinese loess during the cooperative research between China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP) and Japan Energy Atomic Research Institute (JEARI), and was considered conflicting with traditional theory of solute migration. In order to confirm the existence of this phenomenon and better understand its formation mechanism, we conducted a nuclide migration test that lasted 470 days using Sr, Nd and Ce which are analogues of ⁹⁰Sr and actinides, with loess and fine arenaceous quartz, respectively, as tracer carriers. In addition, we examined the efficacy of capillary barrier which is constructed by placing fine-grained soil on a layer of course-grained material, according to its influence on nuclide migration. When using loess as tracer carrier, a fraction of Sr migrated downward from the source layer to form a migration peak, and the residual Sr formed another concentration peak which corresponds to the source layer; while Nd and Ce hardly migrated during the 470 day test with only one concentration peak in the source layer. When using fine arenaceous quartz as tracer carrier, double concentration peak phenomenon occurs for all the nuclides examined, with the peaks distributing, respectively, on the upper and lower sides of the source layer. This phenomenon was suggested to result from the very low water containment ability and nuclide retentivity of the source layer arenaceous quartz. Thus, the so called double concentration peak phenomenon is formed by the source and subsequent migration of part of the source. The obviously reduced migration of Sr when taking fine arenaceous quartz as tracer carrier demonstrated significant influence of the capillary barrier formed by the fine arenaceous quartz layer and overlying loess on nuclide migration. Considering that the fine arenaceous quartz layer is very small (7 mm) in thickness and horizontally placed and the small dimension of the test pit, capillary barrier could be an effective way to protect the underlying waste from leaching.     

基于高光谱参数建立苗期高温条件下草莓叶片叶绿素含量估算模型

以“红颜”草莓（Fragaria×ananassa Duch“Benihope”）为试材,于2021年9−11月在人工气候室进行苗期（9～12片真叶,叶长≥5cm）动态高温环境控制实验,日最高温度以32℃为起点,设置日最高气温/日最低气温分别为32℃/22℃、35℃/25℃、38℃/28℃和41℃/31℃共4个水平,持续时间分别为2d、5d、8d和11d,以28℃/18℃为对照（CK）。试验期间空气相对湿度60%～70%,光周期12h/12h（6：00−18：00）,光照强度800μmolm⁻²s⁻¹。测定不同处理下叶片叶绿素含量及高光谱反射率,对原始光谱进行变换,从而细化光谱特征信息。在相关分析的基础上,建立原始和一阶敏感波段植被指数,进而筛选出表征叶绿素含量的光谱特征参数,以期构建叶绿素含量最佳估算模型。结果表明：（1）随着温度的升高和高温持续时间的延长,草莓叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素（a+b）含量呈下降趋势。（2）草莓叶片原始光谱在可见光区域均存在绿峰和红谷,除绿峰和红谷外各处理间差异不明显,高温条件下的近红外区域反射率与CK相比出现不同程度的上升。与原始光谱相比,一阶导数光谱曲线震荡更剧烈,且能够显著突出红边参数特征,各处理的红边位置λ_r稳定在716nm,红边幅值D_r与红边面积S_r差异显著;而在连续统去除光谱中各处理的绿峰（550nm附近）和红谷（675nm附近）被完全突显出来。（3）在光谱反射率与叶绿素含量相关性分析的基础上,选取原始光谱与一阶导数光谱在可见光和近红外波段相关性最强的R₇₄₇、R₈₀₀和R'₇₁₆、R'₉₀₆为敏感波段组合,构建植被指数。（4）PVI、MSAVI、TSAVI、TSAVI'、DVI'、MSAVI'、PVI'、SAVI'、D_r和S_r指数与叶绿素含量相关性达极显著水平,可作为表征设施草莓叶片叶绿素含量对苗期高温胁迫响应的高光谱特征参数。其中以TSAVI、DVI'和PVI'植被指数建立的逐步回归模型为叶绿素含量最佳估算模型,其决定系数（R²）为0.843,均方根误差（RMSE）为0.379,相对误差（RE）为12.65%。