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为解决植物根系原位三维观测的技术难题,采用XCT层析成像技术获取原位根系的断层序列图像,然后利用计算机图像图形处理技术实现对植物根系的原位三维可视化.为了提高图像分割的精确性,提出一种利用根系几何形态特征的综合分割方法,有效清除了与根系密度极其近似的杂质体素,完成了对序列图像的三维分割.并利用VTK工具箱采用移动立方体算法(MC)实现了对分割后序列图像的三维重建.编程实验证实,本文提出的技术路线和方法能够有效地实现对生长在介质环境中原位根系的三维可视化观测. 相似文献
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采用0.57R-0.18G-0.2B色差分量法对刺梨图像进行处理,通过Ostu自适应阈值分割、形态学滤波和二值图像白色色素面积阈值等方法对图像进行一次分割。根据刺梨果实图像的颜色和纹理特征,再采用YCbCr颜色空间模型中各分量的阈值对图像进行二次分割。通过标记分水岭分割算法对粘连果实连通区域进行分割,利用Hough圆变换对独立、遮挡和重叠情况下的果实外圆进行拟合和修复,最终获取果实质心坐标及其半径。试验结果表明:刺梨果实识别正确率均高于92%,说明本算法能够对刺梨果实进行有效地识别。 相似文献
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为解决青菜包装生产线在加工过程中的杂质在线检测问题,提出一种基于SSA-Kmeans的青菜杂质图像分割算法。首先利用直方图均衡化进行彩色图像增强以降低光照影响;其次基于麻雀搜索算法对初始聚类中心寻优,根据得到的最佳聚类中心,选取包含颜色信息的ab二维数据进行Kmeans聚类;然后对聚类后的图像二值化处理并用形态学滤波方法校正,最终完成图像分割。利用该算法对落叶、枯叶和黄叶等杂质进行图像分割试验,杂质平均匹配率为93.22%,平均误分率为0.70%,平均准确率为92.52%。与FCM算法、Kmeans算法、PSO-Kmeans算法的对比试验表明:本文算法分割精度更优,对不同杂质的分割均表现出良好的鲁棒性,为实现青菜杂质在线检测提供一种新方法支撑,对提高青菜机械化生产水平具有一定的实用价值。 相似文献
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为了研究图像去噪及分割算法在枣叶含水率估算中的影响,对2种图像去噪和3种阈值分割算法在枣叶图像分析中的影响进行了探讨。结果表明:中值滤波和均值滤波在枣叶图像去噪中的效果区分不明显,若比较去噪后的MSE和PSNR则前者略优;最大类间方差分割和迭代分割都能较好地将叶片从图像中分割出来,消除高光区域的影响;经均值滤波和迭代分割算法处理后,图像颜色特征(G-R)、H、G/R与枣叶含水率之间均呈现出显著的相关关系,以三者为自变量的枣叶含水率线性回归模型的相关系数R2高达0.965 2,F检验的显著性水平为0.002 2,回归效果极显著,可用于枣叶含水率的预测估算。 相似文献
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针对黄瓜表型测量中图像识别问题,为解决黄瓜种子腔与果肉图像灰度差别不大情况下的分割难题,提出了基于随机森林算法(Random Forest,RF)的黄瓜种子腔图像分割方法。首先,通过颜色空间变换,提取样本在RGB、HSV、YCb Cr模型下的9个颜色分量;接着,基于灰度共生矩阵提取样本的能量、熵、对比度、相关性的均值与标准差等8个纹理特征。结合纹理与颜色特征,运用随机森林算法构建像素分类器,实现了种子腔的粗分割。为了提高分割质量,对粗分割的图像进行形态学处理得到最终分割图像。最后,与K-均值聚类(Kmeans)算法、支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)算法做对比。实验表明:随机森林分割算法正确识别率高达95%,错误识别率在10%之内,处理时间1.6 s左右,分割质量上优于其它两种算法。 相似文献
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基于KFCM和改进分水岭算法的猪肉背最长肌分割技术 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
提出一种利用核模糊C均值聚类(KFCM)和改进分水岭算法分割猪肉眼肌切面图像中背最长肌区域的方法.该算法对经中值滤波去噪后图像的R分量利用最大方差自适应阈值(OTSU)去除背景,再采用KFCM提取出肌肉组织,然后进行空洞填充,最后由改进的分水岭算法分割出背最长肌区域.利用该算法对采集的60幅猪肉眼肌图像进行处理,分割正确率为86.67%;与传统的形态学算法相比,该算法能真实、完整地恢复出背最长肌区域.结果表明:该算法能有效地分割出猪肉眼肌图像中的背最长肌区域,与改进前分水岭算法相比,能避免背最长肌区域出现欠分割. 相似文献
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基于HSV模型与改进的OTSU算法花椒图像分割 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为实现农业智能机器人对作业现场花椒的识别,提出了一种基于HSV模型与改进的Otsu算法相结合的图像分割方法:以现场图像的H分量图像作为处理样本,先采用中值滤波滤除噪声,再利用改进的Otsu算法进行阈值分割,达到对花椒目标辨识的目的。通过对采摘现场成熟的大红袍花椒在顺光、背光、遮阴3种情况下采集的图像进行分割,结果表明:在顺光、背光、遮阴条件下,分割识别率分别为93.3%、90%、88.3%,且与传统的Otsu算法相比,图像分割时间缩短20%以上,为现场机器人花椒采摘识别提供了一种方法。 相似文献
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自然环境下重叠果实图像识别算法与试验 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
针对非结构化自然环境中光照变化和对象重叠特征等外界因素给图像处理带来的难题,提出了一种自然环境下重叠果实的图像识别与边界分割的组合优化算法。该组合优化算法首先对原始图像进行噪声滤波处理,然后利用Sobel算子以及改进算子的最大类方差法(OTSU)来辨识重叠果实目标;接着采用K-means算法对重叠目标的像素进行聚类得到单个目标位置,再结合边缘检测结果的连通域分析及区域生长获得单个目标边界的大致区域;最后利用基于限制区域的分水岭算法,得到目标的精确边界。为了验证所提算法的有效性和适应性,进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:所提出的组合优化算法不仅可以在自然环境下从重叠物体图像背景中识别出重叠目标,而且还可以从重叠目标中分割出单个目标的精确边界。 相似文献
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基于改进PCNN的番茄植株夜间图像分割算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为实现番茄植株夜间图像分割,设计了一种基于最大类间方差法的改进脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN)图像分割算法。该算法对传统PCNN模型中的链接输入项进行加权处理,在进行图像分割前,先基于最大类间方差(Otsu)算法获得阈值,再将该阈值赋值给改进PCNN模型中的链接输入项权值、突触链接系数β、链接权放大系数VE和阈值迭代衰减时间常数αE。对849幅番茄植株夜间图像进行试验,结果表明,图像分割正确率平均值为90. 43%,平均每幅图像分割时间为0. 994 4 s;输入链接项的加权处理可减少PCNN的迭代次数,提高算法的实时性;基于Otsu算法可实现改进PCNN模型的网络参数自适应设置。基于视觉效果、最大熵及分割正确率这3项评价指标的对比分析显示,改进PCNN模型的分割效果优于Otsu算法和传统PCNN模型,实时性优于传统PCNN模型。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明:该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献