犬食盐中毒诊治1例

犬食盐中毒在临床病例中较为少见，原因在于不同动物对食盐的敏感性不同，鸡和猪最为敏感，而犬的肾脏有非常好的排泄功能，对食盐并不敏感。但养犬者饲养管理方法不当。也会造成犬食盐中毒。笔眷在宠物门诊学习期间。遇到一例犬食盐中毒的病例。经过快速诊断和及时有效的救治。病犬成功治愈。     

犬食盐中毒的诊治

食盐是维持犬正常生理活动所必须的常量矿物质元素,适量的食盐可以增食欲,助消化,但饲喂过多可引起中毒,甚至死亡.笔者在007年4月20日临诊了1例犬偷吃盐腌猪肉导致食盐中毒的病例,现将情况报道如下:     

犬食盐中毒的治疗方法与注意事项

正近年来,笔者在犬病诊疗中,曾先后接诊食盐中毒犬6例(含本地草狗、宠物犬)。在犬食盐中毒病例中,一旦出现神经症状,按以往治疗方法大多预后不良,其主要原因是中毒后引起的脑水肿未能得到及时解除,致使颅内高压时间过长而引发脑组织损伤,继而发生脑细胞不可逆死亡。笔者在4例犬食     

宠物犬食盐中毒的诊疗体会

钠离子和氯离子是动物机体必需的矿物质元素,植物性饲料中一般含钠和氯的数量较少。为了补充这两种元素,并增进动物的食欲,应当在日粮中补给食盐。但是如果食盐摄入量过多,特别是在饮水不足时,便会引起动物食盐中毒。多种动物都有食盐中毒发生的报道,但不同动物对食盐的敏感性不同,就表现出不同的中毒剂量。常见于鸡和猪最为敏感,因为狗的肾脏有非常好排泄功能对食盐并不敏感,     

一例藏獒幼犬食盐中毒的诊治

食盐是维持犬正常生理活动所必须的常量矿物质元素，适量的食盐可以增食欲、助消化，但饲喂过多可引起中毒，甚至死亡。笔者在2010年4月20日临诊1例藏獒幼犬饲喂鱼粉导致食盐中毒的病例，现将诊疗情况报告如下。     

猪食盐中毒150例的诊治

适量的食盐可增进食欲,帮助消化,但猪对食盐较敏感,饲喂过多,极易引起中毒,甚至死亡.猪中毒后,可引起消化道炎症和脑组织水肿、变性甚至坏死,并伴有脑膜和脑实质的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润.以突出的神经症状和一定的消化道紊乱为其临床特征.本院收治150例不同程度的猪食盐中毒,治愈145例,均在1～2d内治愈.1 典型病例     

一例北极狐食盐中毒的诊治

食盐是毛皮动物不可缺少的营养物质,但日粮中加盐过多或调制不当,也会引起不良反应,甚至发生中毒.北极狐、水貂、黑貂等皮毛动物对食盐则较敏感.现将我地区的一例典型食盐中毒病例的诊治情况报告如下.     

仔猪食盐中毒的诊治

食盐是猪饲料重要的组成成分之一,应占猪日粮的0.5%-1.0%,一般成年猪食入食盐50g以上,就会发生中毒,食入食盐100-250g,就能引起死亡,仔猪对食盐更敏感,只要吃入50-100g就能引起中毒死亡。笔者现将一典型病例报道如下：     

1例犬食盐中毒病的诊治

食盐中毒的主要病理变化是全身组织及器官水肿,特别是脑水肿较显著。通过1例犬食盐中毒诊治,对该病的防治提出一些方法和建议。     

雏鸡食盐中毒的诊治

食盐是维持家禽生长的必需物质,对禽体内水分代谢和机体组织的更新是不可缺少的。按照营养需求标准添加食盐,可以增加饲料的适口性,增进家禽食欲,促进消化和物质代谢,对家禽的生长发育和提高生产性能都有好处。一般在鸡饲料中添加0.35%的食盐,保证鸡群正常生长的需要。但是,食盐添加过多会引起胃肠炎、极度口渴和神经症状,严重的导致大批死亡。雏鸡对食盐尤其敏感,采食过量会引起中毒。笔者在临床上对一起鸡食盐中毒病例并进行了诊断,现报告如下。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.