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对普通小麦-Aegilops crassa核质杂种及其核亲本灌浆期旗叶过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶进行了研究,结果表明:3个测试核亲本的过氧化物酶同工酶的谱带数和带有Aegilops crassa细胞质的3个核质杂种的酶谱数不尽一致,但其中谱带1的酶活性均以弱势表达;核质杂种的酯酶同工酶与相应的核亲本比较酶带数目变化不明显,只是存在活性上的差异,这种差异在不同测试材料间也并未发现规律性的变化,表现了不同的核质杂种灌浆期旗叶过氧化物酶与酯酶同工酶的活性有所不同。说明Aegilops crassa细胞质与普通小麦的细胞核结合产生的特异核质互作,在灌浆期旗叶的有关同工酶上也有所体现。 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳对加拿大披碱草和老芒麦及其杂种F1、F2的酯酶同工酶(EST)做了比较分析,结果表明,亲本加拿大披碱草和老芒麦的同工酶可明显区分为A、B两个区,共有4条相同位点的酶带,为亲本的基带。从酶蛋白分子水平验证出亲缘关系相对较近;杂种F1主要表现为互补双亲的酶带类型,同时还丢失了部分双亲的酶带,证明F1是真正的杂种,杂种F1的同工酶谱有偏向母本遗传的倾向;亲本与杂种F1的酶谱表型均有一定的差异;杂种F2代的同工酶谱条带主要表现为它的大多数条带与亲本F1的相同,其他部分条带表现出了一定的差异,但差异较小,同时还丢失了部分亲本F1的酶带,结合表型性状,证明F2是F1自交产生的后代。F2代的EST同工酶谱既继承了亲本部分的性状,又表现出了一定的变异性。同工酶具有多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种鉴定和目标性状植物的检测。 相似文献
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应用淀粉凝胶电泳鉴定西甜瓜杂交种纯度的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
对甜瓜杂交种"新皇后"、西瓜杂交种"西农八号"和无籽西瓜"黑密二号"及其父母本苗期子叶的三种同工酶进行了淀粉凝胶电泳分析,结果显示:除乙醇脱氢酶同工酶无酶带显现外,过氧化物酶同工酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱在供试的三个杂交种与其父母本间均表现出了差异."新皇后"和"黑密二号"以5d苗龄子叶、"西农八号"以12d苗龄子叶的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱的差异最为明显,酯酶同工酶酶谱的差异相对较小.用淀粉凝胶电泳分析过氧化物酶同工酶在西甜瓜杂交种纯度鉴定工作中具有很大的适用性. 相似文献
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不同育种年代玉米自交系和杂交种的过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对不同育种年代的11个玉米自交系和8个杂交种进行了过氧化物酶和酯酶的同工酶研究。结果表明,用过氧化物酶同工酶区分不同材料的灵敏性高于酯酶同工酶。尽管不同育种年代玉米自交系和杂交种在同工酶谱带上差异明显,但未表现出随育种年代变化的趋势。根据过氧化物酶同工酶或酯酶同工酶谱带的变化很难预测玉米杂种优势的表现。 相似文献
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用等电聚焦法对茄子种几种同工酶的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过等电聚焦电泳方法对子种子进行同工酶分析,发现酯酶和过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱在父本,母亲一及杂交一代之间有一定的差别,而且这种差别有一定的时间局限性。而酸性磷酸酶的同式酶酶说在子的亲本和杂交一代间没有差别。由于茄子种子同工酶酶谱有一定的差别,因此可以利用这种差别来进行种子纯度检测。 相似文献
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Summary With the increasing rate of new cultivar production for different crop plants, there is great need for methods of identifying each cultivar discriminatingly. Starch gel electrophoresis was employed to study the differences between the esterase and cathodal peroxidase isozyme patterns of 40 broad bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivars. A total of 10 and 17 medium to darkly stained bands were obtained for esterase and peroxidase systems, respectively. Bands from each enzyme system could be gropuped into three zones. Bands belonging to zone 1 of esterase (E1) and zones 2 and 3 of peroxidase (P2 and P3) were quite distinct, stained intensely, and were especially useful for identification purposes.The differences in banding patterns among cultivars of the same origin were as great as those of cultivars of unrelated origin. A large proportion of the cultivars could be completely differentiated using both of the isozyme systems. There were no bands present in either enzyme system which were common to all cultivars. 相似文献
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Summary Ten cultivars of oats (Avena sativa L.) were investigated for their isozymes of esterase (E), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and anodal and cathodal peroxidase (APX and CPX).From repeated observations, a typical zymogram was prepared for each enzyme system, and the frequencies of the isozyme bands were scored for each variety separately. The results showed that: (1) most of the isozyme bands are very stable in their appearance on the gel: (2) each variety has a characteristic isozyme pattern; (3) 7 out of 10 oat cultivars showed no intravarietal isozyme variation. Some variation was found for the varieties Mesa, Rapida and Curt. This overall high level of homozygosity and homogeneity of these varieties for the isozyme bands makes this technique useful for varietal identification. 相似文献
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大白菜一代杂种及双亲幼苗的等电聚焦电泳过氧化物同工酶分析 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
等电聚焦电泳是近些年发展起来的分离蛋白质的有效生化技术.操作简便,分辨率高,电泳条带多而且细,信息量大,利于进行深入细致的研究。该文利用等电聚焦丙烯酰胺电泳方法分析了6个大白菜一代杂种及双亲幼苗的过氧化物同工酶电泳图谱,共分离出十几条酶带,F1杂种与亲本间同工酶图谱均表现出明现差异,特别是A鉴别区内的酶带差异最明显,大多为互补型,是主要鉴别区。进一步研究结果表明,6个大白菜品种均可利用过氧化物同工酶鉴别由自交引起的假杂种。利用这项技术大量开展了这6个品种的商品种子纯度检测工作,同时在田间进行了验证性测定,二者结果基本相符。 相似文献
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西瓜种质资源耐低温性评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
摘要:为了明确西瓜种质资源耐低温性,为耐低温育种工作提供理论依据,本研究对21份西瓜种质资源在人工模拟气候条件下进行冷害指数、电导率、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD、POD和MDA的测定,并对基于被测的各项指标的结果进行了聚类分析。不同品种耐冷指数不同,其中野生西瓜材料耐冷指数最小,ZXG01315最大;供试品种中电导伤害率存在一定差异,野生西瓜的电导伤害率最小,超甜早霸母本电导伤害率最大;随低温胁迫叶绿素a/b值的变化分为降低、上升和平稳三种类型;可溶性蛋白和MDA含量随温度降低而增加;SOD和POD活性随温度降低而升高;聚类分析表明:材料分为三大类,其中类群I只包含野生西瓜;类群II、III各包含10份材料。类群与西瓜耐冷性存在一定的相关性。第一和第三类群可作为耐低温育种的育种材料。 相似文献
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Summary Isozyme analyses have been used for the definitive identification of many plant cultivars, but not for cultivated tomatoes. Six isozyme systems, namely alcohol dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, phosphoglucomutase, esterase, phosphoglucoisomerase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase of tomato seed extracts were resolved by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels with a narrow pH gradient. Nine alcohol dehydrogenase phenotypes were distinguished which, with three acid phosphatase phenotypes, identified twelve of the seventeen cultivars. Fewer differences were found for the other isozymes. Since this method could differentiate between breeding parents and their progeny it is concluded that further investigations are warranted.Abbreviations APS
acid phosphatase
- ADH
alcohol dehydrogenase
- EST
esterase
- IEF
isoelectric focusing
- PGI
phosphoglucoisomerase
- PGM
phosphoglucomutase
- 6-PGDH
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
- RFLP
restriction fragment length polymorphism
- VOPRI
Vegetable and Ornamental Plant Research Institute 相似文献
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加拿大披碱草与老芒麦及其杂种后代同工酶和RAPD遗传分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对加拿大披碱草、老芒麦、杂种F1、C_0Ⅰ、C_1Ⅰ、C_0Ⅱ和C_1Ⅱ7种材料进行了同工酶和RAPD的分析,旨在通过分子标记方法探讨供试材料的亲缘关系.结果表明:在不同的生育期,EST同工酶酶谱具有较高的多态性,酶谱差异较大,在分蘖期杂种的EST酶谱偏向母本加拿大披碱草,根据该生育时期的酶谱特征可以鉴定杂种后代的的真实性,其他生育时期,EST酶带偏向父本老芒麦,而且没有明显的差异.SOD酶谱的差异只是体现在表达量的多少上,并没有出现特异性的条带.RAPD分析表明,加拿大披碱草与老芒麦的遗传一致度为0.72,遗传距离为0.328 5,在7种材料中亲缘关系最远;杂种后代与母本加拿大披碱草的遗传距离较近,而与父本老芒麦的亲缘关系相对较远;因此用RAPD分析材料的遗传关系更为合适. 相似文献